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H^ikarji 0f |Jct0-®itglaiTb pistorj) 



No. Ill 







fes^i- 



CHURCH'S PHILIP'S WAR 



Part II 




MAP OP PLYMOUTH'S PATENT OF TERHITORYON THE KENNEBECK.TO ACrnMPANY W DRAKE'S ADDITIONS TO BAYLIES S 



MEMOIR OF HEW PCYMOUTHFROM AN ENGRAVING IISJ. 



v*^ 



OF THE 

Eastern Expeditions 

Of 1689, 1690, 1692, 1696, and 1704 
AGAINST THE INDIANS AND FRENCH 



By BENJAMIN CHURCH 



WITH AN INTRODUCTION AND NOTES 



By HENRY MARTYN DEXTER 







id^. 



Q, 



■^^''VVashine^^'"' 



J. K. WIGGIN AND WM. PARSONS LUNT 

MDCCCLXVII 

I' 



Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1867, by 

WIGGIN AND LUNT 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts 



EDITION 



Cfao lijtmlirclr anti JFiflg (Coptfs, Small ©uarto 



CAMBRIDGE: PRESS OF JOHN WILSON AND SON 



PREFATORY NOTE, 




T was not anticipated, when the First Part 
of these " Entertaining Passages " was 
issued, in the summer of 1865, that so long 
a period would elapse before the publication 
of the Second Part, relating to the later Eastern Expedi- 
tions. But various labors and engagements have neces- 
sarily delayed the progress and completion of the work, 
both of editing and printing, until the present time. It is 
hoped that the kind welcome accorded to the portion 
relating to Philip's War may not be withheld from this 
completing glance at the later Indian warfare, which 
engaged the prowess, if it did not materially augment 
the fame, of the brave man from whose later reminis- 
cences the story was set down. 

The endeavor has been constantly in mind to make this 
a fit companion volume for the First Part, — in careful- 
ness and abundance of illustration, in exa6l accuracy of 
reprint, and in all general features. 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

The map is a "^ True Coppy from an Ancient Plan of E. 
Hutchinson Esq. &c. &c.," which was reproduced from an 
engraving of 1753, to accompany Mr. S. G. Drake's late 
edition of Baylies's " Historical Memoir of the Colony of 
New Pl3'^mouth"; and has been kindly granted for use 
by that gentleman, — for whose varied courtesies in the 
preparation of these reprints their editor desires here to 
express his gratitude. 

In addition to acknowledgments already tendered, it is 
due also that thankful mention should here be made of the 
kindness of Dr. A. G. Wilbor, of Boston, and Mr. A. E. 
Cutter, of Charlestown, for the loan of copies of the rare 
first edition, to aid the accuracy of the work of revision. 

n. M. D. 

Hillside, Roxbuky, 

1 2th April, 1S67. 




HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 




HEN the murder of Sassaiiion, in the winter 
of 1671, led to the breaking-out of "Philip's 
War," Plymouth had been settled fifty-four 
years; Dover, fifty-one; Boston, forty-four; 
Wethersfield, forty; Providence, thirty-eight; and Kitter}^, 
twenty-seven. There appear to have been then, within 
the boundaries of what is now Maine, thirteen towns and 
plantations ; * within what is now New Hampshire, f 
four ; within what is now Massachusetts, sixty - four ; J 



* Kitteiy; York; Wells; Cape Por- 
poise ; Saco ; Scarborough ; Falmouth ; 
Pejepscot; the plantations on the Sag- 
adahoc and Kennebec; Sheepscot and 
Capenewagen ; Damariscotta; Pema- 
quid ; Monhegan, with Gorges Islands 
and the opposite settlements upon the 
mainland. 

t Dover, Portsmouth, Exeter, Hamp- 
ton. 

X Plymouth, Salem, Charlestown, 
Boston, Dorchester, Roxbury, Water- 

B 



town, Medford, Cambridge, Ipswich, 
Newbury, Springfield, Concord, Wey- 
mouth, Dedham, Braintree, Lynn, 
Hingham, Scituate, Duxbury, Barn- 
stable, Sandwich, Yarmouth, Glouces- 
ter, Rowle}', Salisbury, Sudbury, Wo- 
burn, Reading, Eastham, Taunton, 
Marshfield, Haverhill, Wenham, An- 
dover, Hull, Bridgewater, Manchester, 
Rehoboth, Marblehead, Middleborough, 
Medfield, Topsfield, Maiden, North- 
ampton, Chelmsford, Billerica, Groton, 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

within what is now Rhode Island, six;* within what is 
now Conne6licut, twenty-three, f Vermont, as yet, was 
not. It is probable that the entire population of New 
England at this time, excluding Indians, was not far from 
eighty thousand. J 

The best computation suggests, on the same territory, 
at the same time, not far from 10,500 Indians, distributed 
among the tribes as follows: — 

Pequots 1,200 

Narragansetts 4,000 

Pokanokets, Nausets, &c 7°° 

Massachusetts 1,200 

Pautuckets 1,000 

Nipmuks 2,400 

10,500 

When the war broke out, Josias Winslow was Governor 
of Plymouth Colony — where William Bradford had been 
dead seventeen years; Miles Standish, eighteen; Edward 
Winslow, nineteen; and William Brewster, thirty; and 
where John Rowland had been dead scarcely one 3'ear. 

Marlborough, Hadley, Hatfield, Dart- New Haven, Guilford, Sajbrook, Mil- 
mouth, Swansea, Amesburj, Beverly, ford, Fairfield, Stratford, Greenwich, 
Milton, Wrentham, Lancaster, Mendon, Stamford, Branford, Farmington, New 
Deerfield, Brookfield, Sherborn, Edgar- London, Simsbury, Middleton, Nor- 
town, and Tisbury. walk, Stonington, Norwich, Killing- 

* Providence, Newport, Portsmouth, worth, Lyme, Haddam, and Walling- 

Warwick, Westerly, and Ncav Shore- ford, 

ham (Block Island). J See estimate of 78, 416 in Coll. Am. 

t Wethersfield, Hartford, Windsor, Statis. Assoc. '\: \^\. 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

Indeed, of that one-half of the Mayflower's company 
(fifty) who survived the first year of the settlement, at 
least thirteen were still in the land of the living, though 
not all still within the limits of the Old Colony. George 
Soule and John Alden, in a hale old age, resided at Dux- 
bury; and Susannah White — who had enjoyed the singu- 
lar honor of being first the first mother in the new Colony, 
and then the first bride — was keeping still the house at 
Careswell, which her second husband, the honored Gov. 
Edward Winslow, had left to her possession. These three 
were already adults when the}^ first saw the New World. 
And, of the children who romped along the Mayflower's 
decks, there were still living Resolved White, who seems 
now to have been a resident of Salem; Giles and Con- 
stantia Hopkins, both at Eastham, — the latter the widow 
of Nicholas Snow; Henry Sampson, of Duxbury; Joseph 
Rogers, of Eastham; Samuel Fuller, of Barnstable; Sam- 
uel Eaton, of Middleborough; (Rev.) John Cooke, of 
Dartmouth; Mary Allerton, — who was destined to be the 
last survivor of the Mayflower company, dying in 1699, 
set. 89, — who still lived at Plymouth with her venerable 
and excellent husband. Elder Thomas Cushman, who 
came in the "Fortune," 1621; and Mary Chilton, now 
the recent widow of John Winslow, of Boston. Nathaniel 
Morton, who, five years before, had published his Neiv- 
England''s Alemoriall, was still Secretary of the Colony. 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

In Massachusetts, John Leverett was Governor, and 
Edward Rawson, Secretary. Here Winthrop and Shep- 
ard had been dead twenty-five years; John Cotton, twen- 
t3''-two ; Dudley, twenty-one; Saltonstall, sixteen; John 
Norton, eleven; Richard Mather, five; John AUin, three; 
and John Davenport and Charles Chauncy, two; and here 
Thomas Cobbett still lived at the age of sixty-six, John 
Eliot at seventy, and Simon Bradstreet at seventy-seven. 

William Coddington was Governor, and John Sanford 
Recorder, of the " Providence Plantations," where Roger 
Williams was still hale and hearty (and ready to earn a 
new title as "Captain" in this war) at the age of seventy- 
five; and William Blaxton was very soon to be carried 
from his dreams among his folios to his rest on the banks 
of that beautiful river, which bears his name as it ripples 
by his grave. 

John Winthrop (son of Gov. John of Massachusetts) was 
Governor of the now united Colonies of Conne6licut and 
New Haven; where Samuel Eaton had been dead thirty-two 
years; Thomas Hooker, twenty-seven; Theophilus Eaton, 
seventeen; Samuel Stone, eleven; and John Warham, four. 

The settlements in what is now Maine had at this time 
but a single Congregational Church. In what is now New 
Hampshire, there were three.* In what is now Vermont, 

* One had been gathered at Exeter and no record exists of the formation 
in 1638, but it became extin(5l in 1641 ; of another until 169S. 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 



there was none. In Massachusetts, there were fifty-seven. 
In Rhode Island, there was none. In Connecticut, there 
were twenty-one. 

These, with their pastors, — so far as known, — at the 
breaking-out of the war, were the following; arranged in 
the order of their formation : — 



Plymouth (1620) . 
Salem (1629) . . 
Boston, First Church 
Windsor (1630) . 
Watertown (1630) 

Roxbury (1632) . 

Lynn (1632) . . 
Duxbury (1632) . 
Marshfield (1632) 
Charlestown (1632) 
Hartford (1633) . 
Ipswich (1634) . 
Newbury (1635) . 
Hingham (1635) . 
Weymouth (1635) 
Cambridge (1636) 

Concord (1636) . 

Dorchester (1636) 
Springfield (1637) 
Taunton (1637) . 
Sandwich (1638) . 
Hampton (163S) . 
Dover (163S) . . 



(I 



63 



o) 



John Cotton, Jr. 

John Higginson. 

James Allen, 

Nathaniel Chauncey. 

John Sherman. 
1 John Eliot. 
( Samuel Danforth. 

Samuel Whiting. 

John Holmes. 

Samuel Arnold. 

Thomas Shepard. 

Joseph Haynes. 

Thomas Cobbet. 

Thomas Parker. 

Peter Hobart. 

Samuel Torrey. 

Urian Oakes. 
i Edward Bulkley. 
I Joseph Estabrook, 

Josiah Flint. 

Pelatiah Glover, 

George Shove. 

John Smith. 

Seaborn Cotton. 

John Reyner, Jr. 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

Salisbury (1638) John Wheelwright. 

Dedham (1638) William Adams. 

Quincy (1639) Moses Fiske. 

New Haven (1639) Nicholas Street. 

Milford (1639) Roger Newton. 

Barnstable (1639) Thomas Walley. 

Scituate (1639) Nicholas Baker. 

Rowley (1639) Samuel Phillips. 

Sudbury (1640) Edmund Browne. 

Stratford (1640) No pastor. 

Edgartown (1641) No pastor. 

Stamford ( 1 641) Eliphalet[?] Jones. 

Wethersfield (1641) Gershom Bulkley. 

Woburn (1642) Thomas Carter. 

Gloucester (1642) Jobn Emerson. 

Scituate, Second Church (1642) . . William Witherell. 

Guilford (1643) Joseph Eliot. 

Hull (1644) Zechariah Whitman. 

Rehoboth (1644) Noah Newman. 

Haverhill (1645) John Ward. 

Andover, North (1645) Francis Dane. 

Reading, South (1645) . . . . . John Brock. 

i William Perkins. 

^ V ^o.* ( Jeremiah Hobart. 

Manchester (1645) No pastor. 

Eastham (1646 ) Samuel Treat. 

Branford (1647) John Bowers. 

Saybrook (1646) Thomas Buckingham. 

Maiden (1649) Michael Wigglesworth. 

Fairfield (1650) Samuel Wakeman. 

New London (1650) Simon Bradstreet. 

Boston, Old North (1650) .... Increase Mather. 

Medfield (1651) John Wilson. 

xiv 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

Nonvalk (1652) Thomas Hanford. 

Farmington (1653) Samuel Hooker. 

Chelmsford (1655) John Fiske. 

Beverly (1657) John Hale. 

Hadley (1659) John Russell. 

Lancaster (1660) Joseph Rowlandson. 

Nonvich (1660) James Fitch. 

Northampton (1661) Solomon Stoddard. 

Billerica (1663) Samuel Whiting. 

Wenham (1663) No pastor. 

Bridgewater, West (1664) .... James Keith. 

Groton (1664) Samuel Willard. 

Newton, Center (1664) Nehemiah Hobart. 

Marlborough (1666) William Brimsmead. 

Killingworth (1667) John Woodbridge. 

Mendon (1667) Joseph Emerson. 

Amesbury (166S) Thomas Wells. 

Middletown (1668) Nathaniel Collins. 

Boston, Old South (1669) Thomas Thatcher. 

Hartford, Second (1669) Joseph Haynes. 

Windsor, Second (1669) Benjamin Woodbridge. 

Woodbury (1670) Zechariah Walker. 

Greenwich (1670) No pastor. 

Hatfield (1670) Hope Atherton. 

Portsmouth (1671) Joshua Moody. 

Tisbury (1673) John May hew. 

York (1673) Shubael Dummer. 

Besides these eighty -two regular Congregational 
churches, there were six or seven Indian missionary 
churches; five Baptist churches — one founded at Reho- 
both (Swansey) in 1663, one at Boston in 1665, and three 
in Rhode Island: — the First Providence (1639), the First 

XV 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

Newport (1644), and the Second Newport (1656); — a 
society of Friends, which had been formed at Newport 
in 1656-7; and a church of Seventh-day Baptists, formed 
at Newport in December, 167 1. 

We have seen that the estimated number of Indians on 
the territory of New England at this time, was between 
ten and eleven thousand. Of these, about four thousand 
were then reckoned as " Praying Indians," and seem to 
have been won to some comprehension and pra6lice of 
Christianity. According to Gookin, whose " Historical 
Colle6tions of the Indians in New-England " bears date 
7th Dec, 1674,* just before the breaking-out of Philip's 
War, these were, in large part, distributed as follows, viz: — 



Nonantujn (Natick) .... 
/'«»X'rt^0(7^(Stoughton) . , 
Hassa7iamesitt (Grafton) 

Okommakamesit (Marlborough) 

Watiiesit (Tewksbury) . . . 
Nashobah (Littleton) .... 
Magimkaqiiog (Hopkinton) 
Manckage (Oxford) .... 

Chabatiakoiigkomun (Dudley) . 
Maancxit (N.E. Woodstock) . 
^iiatitisset (S.E. Woodstock) . 

Wabquisset (S.W. Woodstock) 
Packachoog (Worcester) . . 

Waeuntiig (Uxbridge) . . . 
Meeshaxv7i and Puno)iakanit (Tru 

ro and Wellfleet) .... 

Potanumaquut and Nazvseii (East 

ham) 



145 
60 
60 
50 
75 
50 
55 
60 

45 
100 
100 
150 
100 

50 

72 
44 



Manamoyik (Chatham) .... 71 

Sawkaifukett (Harwich), Nob- 
squassitt, Matfakccs, and l]"cc- 
qiiakut (Yarmouth and Barnsta- 
ble) 122 

Satuit, PaTL'J>oesif, Coatuit, Mash- 
pee, and Wakoquet (Mashpee) . 95 

Codtanmiit, Askimuit, Weesquobs 
(Mashpee and Sandwich) . . 22 

Pisfogutt, IVazvayantik, and So- 
kones (Wareham and Falmouth) 36 

Cotuhtiktit, Assooivamsoo (Mid- 
dleborough) 35 

Kitteauiniit (Sandwich) .... 40 

Nope (Martha's Vineyard) and 

Chappaquiddick 1 500 

Nantucket 300 



Mass. Hist. Coll. i : 141-226. 
xvi 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

Rev. Richard Bourne, missionar}^ among the Indians in 
the Pl3anouth Colony, reported, in 1674, that one hundred 
and forty-two could read their own language, seventy-two 
could write it, and nine could read English.*"* 

It will be seen from this enumeration, that the seat of 
the successes of the benevolent labor of John Eliot and 
his compeers was upon the Elizabeth Islands, upon Cape 
Cod, and in the country neighboring Boston; the great 
inland and remoter tribes remaining wholly unreached or 
unaffedled by them. 

The general aspect of New England at this time, Dr. 
Palfrey has admirably sketched in a few words. He 
says : — 

"Along a line of rugged coast, from the Penobscot to the Hudson, 
are scattered settlements of Englishmen, at unequal distances from 
each other, — closely grouped together about midway of that line, 
farther apart at the extremities. Almost all of them are reached by 
tide-water : a very few have been planted in detached spots in the 
interior ; the most distant of these being about a hundred miles from 
the sea, whether measured from the east or from the south. The 
surrounding country is not occupied, but roamed over by savages." f 

Maine was yet rough and primitive, in the extreme, in 
the quality of its settlers. Rhode Island was the paradise 
of schemers and dreamers, and come-outers of all sorts; 
from the high-souled advocate of pure and entire tolera- 
tion down to those fuss}^ and unendurable champions of 

* I Mi7ss. Hist. Coll. i : 197. t Hist. Nevj Englajid, iii : 132. 

c xvii 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

queer and petty principles, who were such crooked sticks 
by nature that they could not lie still even there. Plym- 
outh, badly situated both for commerce and culture, with 
no good harbor on her coast, and with her thin and sandy 
soil, had been able, even with the best efforts of her noble 
men, to move but very slowly forward in the path of em- 
pire. While, from the fa6l that her teachers were taken 
from her repeatedly by the superior attra6lions offered by 
wealthier neighbors, she had been compelled to occupy a 
lower place in the relative scale, than that to which she 
would have been entitled from the purity and worth of her 
founders, and her general patient industry. Massachusetts 
had advanced more rapidly. Every thing helped her, until 
she was strong, not merely relatively as compared with 
her neighbors, but as looked at from the mother-country 
across the sea. Conne6licut, too, was thriving. She had 
plenty of good land, wise and thrifty oversight, and gen- 
eral prosperity. 

Dr. Palfrey draws the pi6lure of daily life with a skilful 
pencil; thus; — 

" In the three associated Colonies, there is great similarity in the 
ordinary occupations and jDursuits. Most adults of both sexes work 
hard, and nearly all the children go to school. The greater part of the 
men get a living by farm labor : they jorovide bread and meat, milk, 
butter and cheese, for their own tables, and raise stock to sell in the 
West Indies for money with which to buy foreign commodities. But 
they are not all farmers. A portion are lumberers, plying the axe 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

through the "winter in the thick pine forests, and, at the return of spring, 
floating down their rafts to a sure and profitable market. Another 
portion are fishermen, ^.famihar with the haunts of the cod, the mack- 
erel, and the whale, and with all perils of the sea. In the principal 
towns, various classes of artisans pursue a lucrative trade. The country 
furnishes some staples for an advantageous foreign commerce ; and, 
especially in Boston, not a few merchants have grown rich."* 

Peace had reigned in these Colonies since the close of 
the Pequot war in the spring of 1636, — nearly forty years. 
The last colonist who had gained experience in savage 
warfare in that short but fierce struggle was now dead, or 
too old for service; while the youngest immigrants who 
had been trained to arms abroad were now in the same 
category. Slight and temporary misunderstandings and 
quarrels had taken place now and then; but the wise and 
scrupulously just policy which the Pilgrims at Plymouth 
had first initiated with the good Massasoit, had prevailed, 
and borne its natural and pleasant fruit. On the whole, 
the state of the Indians had been improved by the settling 
of the English at their side. Though they had parted 
with a good deal of the land over which they had been 
accustomed to roam, they had still enough reserved for 
their present wants. They had bettered their position, 
in their fight with nature for food and shelter, by many 
implements and suggestions from the superior culture of 
their white neighbors. And although their exposure to 

* Hist. Neiv England, iii : 134. 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

the sedu6live "fire-water" had wrought them harm, and 
they were sometimes imposed u-pon by the cunning greed 
of crafty and unscrupulous settlers, the Colonial govern- 
ments were always administered in the endeavor to do 
them justice and afford them protection; and the proceeds 
of their hunting, or of their slight farming, now found 
ready and remunerative sale. In the single matter of the 
— to the English undesired, yet gradually accomplished — 
exchange of his bow and flint dagger and stone tomahawk, 
for the musket, hatchet, and hunting-knife of the white 
man, the Indian gained, for the legitimate uses of his own 
savage life, more than all which he had lost from the 
advent of civilization to these shores. 

Massasoit died in 1 66 1-2, and was succeeded in the 
sachemship of the Wampanoags by his eldest son, Alex- 
ander [3Iooanam, Wamsuttd]. His life was short after 
his accession. In a few months' time, it was rumored 
that he was plotting with the Narragansetts, — the bug- 
bear of the Colonies on the west, as the Maqiias were on 
the northwest, — and the Plymouth government thought 
the matter of sufficient consequence to be looked into. It 
is not improbable that an impression had been for some 
time gaining ground, that when the venerable sachem, 
who had welcomed Bradford and Winslow and their 
company at Patuxet, and had become their abiding 
friend, had passed away, certain tendencies toward dis- 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

turbance, on which he had kept a tight rein, and which 
others had repressed through respe6l for him, might find 
development. So a message was sent to Alexander to 
come to Plymouth, and talk over affairs. He ignored the 
invitation. As the Court had broached the subject, they 
felt that the general safety required that their summons 
should not be disregarded in that way; so they sent an 
armed party, under Majors Winslow and Bradford, to find 
and bring him. They found him not far off", at Monponset 
(in Halifax), and then, "freely and readily, without the 
least hesitancy," * he went with them. He told them that 
he had intended to come v^hen first invited, but wanted 
to delay long enough to consult Mr. Willett, in whom he 
had confidence. Hubbard's story f is, that when he had 
been dismissed on the promise to send his son as a hos- 
tage, he was so enraged at the indignities put upon him, 
that he fell into a fever, of which he died before he got 
half-way home. And out of this statement has grown 
the general representation, that his ill-treatment at the 
hands of the English was the means of his death, and 
was laid up as one prominent cause of the war, twelve 
years later. But the letter of Rev. John Cotton to In- 
crease Mather, — which Judge Davis prints in the appen- 
dix of the Memorial, and which has every element of 
trustworthiness, — from the dilation of Major Bradford, 

* Davis's Morton's Memorial, 426. f Narrative, 9. 

xxi 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

one of the chief a6lors, and a most competent witness, 
desiring expressly to corre6l Hubbard, puts an entirely 
different construction upon the event, and one intrinsi- 
cally much more in harmony with the probabilities of the 
case. Mr. Cotton says, — 

" Reports being here, that Alexander was plotting or privy to plots 
against the English, authority sent to him to come down. He came 
not. Whereupon Maj. Winslow was sent to fetch him. Maj. Bradford 
with some others went with him. At Munpouset river (a place not 
many miles hence) they found Alexander with about eight men and 
sundry squaws. He was there about getting canoes. He and his men 
were at breakfast under their shelter, their guns being without. They 
saw the English coming, but continued eating : and Mr. Winslow 
telling their business, Alexander, freely and readily, without the least 
hesitancy, consented to go, giving his reason why he came not to the 
Court before ; viz., because he waited for Captain Willet's return from 
the Dutch, being desirous to speak with him first. They brought him 
to Mr. Collier's, that day, and Governour Prince living remote, at East- 
ham, those few magistrates, who were at hand, issued the matter peace- 
ably, and immediately dismissed Alexander to return home, which he 
did, part of the way : but in two or three days after, he returned and 
went to Maj. Winslow's house, intending thence to travel into the Bay 
and so home ; but at the Major's house he was taken very sick, and 
was, by water, conveyed to Mr. Bradford's, and thence carried upon 
the shoulders of his men to Tetehquet river,* and thence, in canoes, 
home, and about two or three days after died." 

Upon his decease, his brother Philip \Poinetacont\ 
reigned in his stead. One of Philip's first a6ts was to 
renew the ancient covenant between his father and the 

* Titicui, or Taunton Great River, 
xxii 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

colonists ; and five years passed quietly away, when a 
vague charge was made against him of being willing to 
plot with the French or Dutch against the English. This 
he denounced as a calumny of Ninigret of Niaiitic, and 
the matter subsided. After nearly four years more, 
another rumor of his treachery gained so much ground as 
to demand investigation, and awaken solicitude at both 
Plymouth and Boston. An investigation revealed proofs 
of bad faith on his part ; and a bad spirit was clearly 
manifested by him, when questioned concerning them. 
But this matter was finally issued in his renewed engage- 
ments of fealty. Three years passed again, when the 
Governor of Plymouth was informed by Sassamon — a 
"praying" Indian, who had been schoolmaster at Natick, 
and who, being able to write as well as read, had some- 
times served Philip with his pen, — that there were sus- 
picious circumstances in Philip's camp, which gave color 
to the rumor that he was endeavoring to excite other 
sachems to war. This information was given under a 
demanded pledge of secrecy, as Sassamon said that 
Philip's Indians would kill him if they suspe6led him as 
its source. It somehow leaked out to Philip's ear, that 
the Governor of Plymouth had heard something to his 
disadvantage, and would send for him to come to the next 
Court to explain it. He therefore resolved to anticipate 
the matter by going without summons. He went to Ply- 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

mouth, accordingly, and saw the Assistants, — the Court 
not j'^et being in session, — and protested his innocence. 
They were not satisfied ; but hoped that he would be led 
to desist by his knowledge of their discovery of his plans, 
and so dismissed him in a friendly manner, with a warn- 
ing, that, should further evidence come up, they should be 
obliged to demand his arms for safe keeping. 

Philip went back to Mount Hope ; and, a few days 
after, Sassamon was missing. On search, his hat and 
gun were found on the ice of Assawompset Pond, in Mid- 
dleborough, and his body under the ice. It was dragged 
out, and buried ; and afterwards exhumed and examined, 
when marks of violence indicating murder, and not acci- 
dental drowning, became manifest. Three Indians were 
soon arrested on suspicion, and tried by a jury, to which 
six grave friend Indians were added, to insure fairness in 
the verdict. An Indian came forward and testified, that, 
by accident, from the top of a hill, he had witnessed the 
scene, and that Sassamon had been murdered by these 
prisoners. One of the prisoners subsequently confessed 
that he had stood by while the others did the deed. The 
jury convi6ted and sentenced the murderers, the Indians 
concurring; whereupon two were hanged, and the third, 
after a respite of two or three weeks, was shot. 

This seems immediately to have promoted the out- 
break, which took place with very little delay; the first 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

English blood being shed on or about the 24th June, 
1675.^ 

It has been usual to picture Philip as a great king, a 
sagacious warrior, and a far-sighted patriot; and to repre- 
sent him as having been for years engaged in planning 
and perfe6ting a comprehensive conspiracy among all the 
Indian tribes on the New-England territory — and even 
upon that of New York — for the purpose of sweeping 
away, by one concerted blow, the hated white usurper, 
and of recovering to their own savage uses the whole of 
their ancient hunting-grounds. It has been usual to apolo- 
gize for the ill success of the a6lual strife, by asserting 
that it was so hurried up by the death of Sassamon, that 
the first blow was struck before due preparations to follow 
it up could be completed. 

Dr. Palfrey has shown, one would think to the general 
conviction, that there is a very small foundation of truth 
indeed on which to build this majestic, one might almost 
say magnificent, superstru6lure. He has shown that the 
English had used Philip habitually well ; that he had no 
real grounds of complaint against them ; that his frequent 
sales of land to them implies no unwillingness that they 
should have his hunting-grounds if they would pay for 
them, as they did ; that he gave no indications of great- 
ness, whether in council or confli6l ; that there is no proof 

* See Part I. p. i8. 

D XXV 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

that he dire6led or approved those hostilities about Mount 
Hope with which the war began ; that his movements im- 
mediately after indicated a much keener anxiety for his 
own personal safety than for the extinction of the colonists; 
tljat there is nothing to show that he directed the out- 
breaks which followed, and no evidence that he was per- 
sonally present and a6live in any particular fight ; that 
there was no manifestation of savage wisdom on the part 
of anybody in the management of the war; that attacks 
upon particular, much - exposed localities were delayed 
for weeks and months, which, if any such general conspi- 
racy existed as has been claimed, it is incredible should 
not have been simultaneous, or nearly so, when they would 
have been overwhelming; that, instead of hastening to 
join his waning fortunes with the Eastern Indians, when 
misfortune pressed him in his ancient haunts, — as he could 
have done in two days' easy march, — Philip retreated to 
the den whence he had originally gone forth, and there 
was shot ingloriously, while, unattended, he was attempting 
to run away; and that the war was waged at the Eastward, 
after his death, with more vigor than during his life, for 
nearly two whole years. In short. Dr. Palfre}^ makes it 
out, — and, as it would seem, on the best evidence, — that, 
instead of being a far-reaching, well-organized campaign, 
what we commonly call "Philip's War" was merely a 
succession of unconsidered and indiscriminate murders 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

and pillages, taken up by one body of savages after 
another, as the intelligence of the attra6tive example of 
others reached them; and rightfully conne6led with his 
name mainly as having been led off" by those bands who 
centred around Sowams, and over whom he had partial 
control.* 

The cotemporaneous records do certainly bear out this 
general judgment. There is a tradition mentioned by 
Callender, f as derived both from the white settlers in the 
vicinity of Mount Hope and from those Indians who 
survived the struggle, that Philip and his elder chiefs were 
utterly averse to the war. Increase Mather never seems to 
have heard of the all-embracing conspiracy, or of Philip's 
great statesmanship. Even Cotton Mather — much as one 
would think he would have enjoyed it — never mentions 
either. Hubbard is the only early writer who says any 
thing on which the popular judgment could be based. He 
does say that Philip had been "plotting with all the In- 
dians round about," &c. ; but he gives only vague rumor 
from some prisoners, as his authority, and does not seem 
himself to have attributed to his own words the impor- 
tance even which they might naturally convey. 

Easton — it is difficult to decide how much of accuracy 
and weight is to be attributed to the testimony lately pub- 
lished in his name — gives the following account of an 

* Hist. Neiv England, iii : 223-229. f R.-I. Hist. Coll. iv : 126. 

xxvii 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

interview which he asserts to have been held between 
Philip and some Rhode-Islanders just before the outbreak. 
He says:* — 

" [PhiliiD] came himfelf unarmed, and about 40 of his Men armed. 
Then 5 of us went over [Trip's Ferry], 3 wear Magiftrates. We 
fate veri friendly together. We told him our bifnes was to indever 
that they might not refeue or do Rong, They faid that was well ; they 
had dun no Rong, the Englifh ronged them. We faid we knew the 
Englifh faid the Indians ronged them, and the Indians faid the Englifh 
ronged them, but our Desier was the Quarrell might rightly be defided, 
in the befl Way, and not as Dogs defided their Qiiarrells. The 
Indians owned y* fighting was the worft Way ; then they propounded 
how Right might take Place, We faid by Arbitration. They faid 
that all Englifh agreed againft them, and so by Arbitration they had 
had much Rong ; mani Miles fquare of Land fo taken from them, for 
Englifla would have Englifh Arbitrators ; and once they were perfuaded 
to give in their Arms y! thereby Jealoufy might be removed, and the 
Englifh having their Arms wold not deliver them as they had promifed, 
untill they confented to pay a 100^, and now they had not fo much fum 
or muny ; y! thay wear as good be kiled as leave all ther Liueflyhode. 

"We faid they might chufe a Indian King, and the Englifh might 
chufe the Governor of New Yorke, y! nether had cafe to fay either 
wear Parties in the Diferance. They faid they had not heard of y* 
Way, and faid we oneflly fpoke, fo we wear perfwaided if y! Way had 
bine tendered they would have acsepted. We did end'eavor not to hear 
their Complaints, faid it was not convenient for us now to confider of, 
but to indever to prevent War ; faid to them when in War againft Eng- 
lifh, Blood was fpilt, y! ingaged all Englishmen, for we wear to be all 
under one King ; we knew what their Complaints wold be, and in our 
Colony had removed some of them in fending for Indian Rulers in 
what the Crime concerned Indians Lives, which they veri lovingly 

* A Relation of the Indjan Warr, by Mr. Easton, &c., pp. 7-16. 

xxviii 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

acsepted, and agreed with us to their Execution, and faid fo they were 
abell to fatiffie their Subjedls when they knew an Indian fufered duly, 
but faid in what was only between their Indians and not in Townefhipes, 
y* we had purchafed, they wold not have us profecute, and y' they had 
a great Fear to have ani of ther Indians fliuld be caled or forced to be 
Chriflian Indians. Thay faid y! fuch wer in everi thing more mif- 
chievous, only Diflemblers, and then the Englifh made them not fub- 
je6l to ther Kings, and by their lying to rong ther Kings. We knew it 
to be true, and we promiling them y! however in Government to Indians 
all flaould be alike, and y' we knew it was our King's will it fhould be so, 
y! altho we wear weaker than other Colonies, they having fubmitted to 
our King to prote6t them, others dared not otherwife to molefl them ; 
expreifed thay took that to be well, that we had littell Cafe to doute, 
but that to us under the King thay would have yielded to our Deter- 
minations in what ani fhould have complained to us againft them. 

" But Philip charged it to be difoneflly in us to put of the Hering to 
iufl Complaints, therefore we confented to hear them. They faid thay 
had bine the firft in doing Good to the Englifh, and the Englifh the 
firft in doing Rong ; faid when the Englifh firft came, the King's Father 
was as a great Man, and the Englifh as a littell Child ; he conflrained 
other Indians from ronging the Englifh, and gave them Corn and 
shewed them how to plant, and was free to do them ani Good, and had 
let them have a loo Times more Land than now the King had for his 
own Peopell. But ther Kings Brother, when he was King, came mifer- 
ably to dy by being forced to Court, as they iudge poyfoned. And 
another Greavance was if 20 of there onefl Indians teflified that a 
Englifhman had dun them Rong, it was as nothing ; and if but one of 
their worfl Indians teftified againfl any Indian or ther King, when it 
pleefed the Englifh it was fufitiant. Another Grievance was, when 
their King fold Land, the Englifli wold fay, it was more than they 
agreed to, and a Writing mufl be prove againfl all them, and fum of 
their Kings had dun Rong to fell fo much. He left his Peopell none, 
and fum being given to Drunknes the Englifh made them drunk and 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

then cheated them in Bargains, but now ther kings wear forwarned not 
for to part with Land, for nothing in Cumparifon to the Vakie thereof. 
Now home the Englifli had owned for King or Qiieen, they wold dif- 
inheret and make another King that wold give or fell them thefc Lands ; 
that now, the}^ had no Hopes left to kepe ani Land. Another Grievance, 
the English Catell and Horfes (till incrafed ; that when thay removed 
30 Mile from where Englifh had ani thing to do, thay could not kepe 
ther Corn from being fpoyled, thay never being iufed to fence, and 
thoft when the Englifh boft Land of them thay wold have kept their 
Catell upon ther owne Land. Another Grievance, the Englilli were 
fo eager to fell the Indians Lickers, yl moft of the Indians fpent all in 
Di'ynknes, and then raueved upon the fober Indians, and thay did 
believe often did hurt the Englifh Catell, and ther King could not pre- 
vent it. 

"We knew before, thefe were their grand Complaints, but then we 
only indevered to perfuaid y* all Complaints might be righted without 
War, but could have no other Anfwer but that thay had not heard of 
that Way for the Governor of Yorke and an Indian King to have the 
Hearing of it. We had Cafe to think in y! had bine tendered it wold 
have bine accepted. We indevered y! however thay fhould lay downe 
the War, for the Englifh wear to Strong for them ; thay faid, then the 
Englifh Ihould do to them as they did when thay wear to ftrong for 
the Englifh. 

" So we departed without ani Difcurtioufnefs, and fudingly had Let- 
ter from Plimoth Governor thay intended in Arms to conforem Philip, 
but no Information what y* was thay requii-ed, or w? Termes he refufed 
to have their Qiiarrell defided ; and in a Weke's Time after we had 
bine with the Indians the War thus begun." 

If this is authentic, it is interesting, and indicates the 
utmost that — from his side of the question — a wily sav- 
age could then suggest in extenuation of the proposed 
outbreak. The insinuated poisoning of Alexander may 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

have been the utterance of an honest suspicion on the part 
of Philip and his friends: it sounds more like an advantage 
taken of the impossibility of contrary proof, to urge a con- 
scious and mischievous slander. Nor is there any thing 
in what Easton says to give color to the notion of a gen- 
eral conspiracy among all the tribes to crush out the 
whites. 

The results of the war were heavy to the Colonies. 
Ten or twelve towns were utterly destroyed, and two- 
score of others more or less damaged and depopulated. 
From five to six hundred men fell in the various fights, 
were murdered in stealthy assaults, or were carried away 
captive, never to return. More than i£ 100,000 were ex- 
pended in the struggle; and, at its close, it is estimated 
that the Old Colony was left under a debt which exceeded 
the value of the entire personal property of its people! 
As a natural consequence, the Plymouth Colonists were 
nearly discouraged. But, from her thin soil and her vari- 
ous industries, she gradually pushed on to square herself 
with the world, until she had paid the last dollar of prin- 
cipal and interest! 

The causes which aroused those later hostilities, which 
called out the several Eastern Expeditions recounted in 
this Second Part, were not different essentially from those 
which lay at the root of "Philip's War," except as the 
intermeddling of the French may have had to do with 



HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION. 

exciting, exasperating, and sustaining them. The Indians 
grew more and more dissatisfied as the}^ saw the Colonists 
advancing in wealth and power, and every 3'ear fixing 
themselves with a firmer hold upon the soil. It was this 
inherent hostility between a savage race and that civilized 
one which it sees to be too strong for it, and to be mena- 
cing its fijture, added to the Indian's natural love for 
blood and pillage, which stimulated attacks which were 
sought to be excused by pretences that this treaty had not 
been faithfully kept, or that promise had not been honestly 
performed. 

It may be doubted, however, whether even the fierce 
savage of the eastern wilds would not have chosen to re- 
treat from the coasts toward the Five Nations without 
risking the chances of conflict, if he had not been urged 
on and aided and abetted even in his brutalest work, by 
the deadly hatred then borne by the French settler to his 
English competitor; in which the old hostility of race was 
supplemented and intensified by the ferocity of Jesuit- 
fanned fanaticism. 

When the echoes of the last hearty war-whoop died 
away among the New-England hills, a new leaf was 
turned in her history. Even her strong men breathed 
freer as they wrought along her frontiers; and her women 
slept sweeter, w-ith their little ones around them, ever}-- 
where under the deep shadows of her ancestral woods. 



— f»~^^o«^^H^^^o.^S>-* 



HISTORY 



EASTERN EXPEDITIOJ^S. 



[55] 



A further Account of the A6lions 

in the more later Wars againft the Common 
Enemy and Indian Rebels in the Eaftern 
Parts, under the Command of the aforefaid 
Capt. Benj, Church^ 

IN the time of Sir Edmund Androfs\'^ Government, 
began that bloudy War in the Eaftern Parts of 
New-England\ fo that immediately Sir Edmund 
fent an Exprefs for Capt. Church\ who then being 
at Little Compton^ received it on a Lords Day'* in 



1 See Introdudlion, for fome account 
of the caufes which led to thefe " more 
later wars." 

2 Sir Edmtatd Andros was born in 
Guernfey in 1632 ; went into the army, 
where, through favor of the Duke of 
York, he received promotion ; in 1664 
was appointed Governor of the Duke's 
territories in America ; arrived at New 
York 31 0(5l., 1674; foon began to fu- 
pervife the moral and religious, as well 
as the civil affairs of the people ; in 
1675, attempted in vain to extend his 
authority over Connedlicut. In Feb., 
1685, the Duke of York, fucceeding to 
the throne as James II., appointed An- 
dros Governor of all the New-England 
Colonies except Connedlicut. He ar- 
rived atBofl:on2oDec., 16S6, and began 
to remove old officers, overturn ex- 
ifting inftitutions, and enter upon a 
prad:ical defpotifm. 12 Jan., 16S7, he 
aflumed the Government of Rhode If- 



land ; and, 13 June, that of Connedlicut, 
which he claimed by fupplementary in- 
ftrucflions. After the news of the land- 
ing of the Prince of Orange reached 
Bofton, an infurrecSiion took place there 
18 April, 1689, and Andros was im- 
prifoned. In Feb., 1690, he was fent 
home to England, by command of Wil- 
liam III., who, in 1692, appointed him 
Governor of Virginia, where he for the 
firft time had a popular adminiftration, 
but returned to England in 1699 ; was 
Governor of Guernfey from 1704 to 
1706; and died in London, Feb., 1714, 
at the age of 82. {^Governors of Mafs. 
Bay, 403-422.] 

3 Capt. Church mull: have been at 
Saconet on a tranfient vifit, as he was 
at this time a relident of Briftol. [See 
Introductory Memoir., Part I., of this 
work, p. xxviii.] 

* The date of this occurrence would 
feem to be approximately fixed by the 



[55] 

the afternoon Meeting; going home after Meeting, took 
his Horfe and fet out for Bojlon^ as ordered; and by Sun 
rife next Morning got to Brantry^ where he met with 
Col. Page^ on Horfe-back, going to Weymouth and Hing- 
ham to raife Forces to go Eafb ; who faid he was glad to 
fee him, and that his Excellency would be as glad to fee 
him in Bojlon fo early: fo parting, he foon got to Bojlon^ 



probability that it muft have been be- 
tween the 20 0(5l., 1688, when Andros 
ilTued his proclamation feeking to fe- 
cure peace among the Eaftern Indians, 
and that time in the following Novem- 
ber (Hutchinfon {_HiJl. Mafs. i : 331] 
fays " in the beginning of November"; 
Willis [//{/?. Portland (ed. 1S65), 274] 
fays " early in November"; VVilliam- 
fon {^Hijl. Maine, i : 589] fays "late in 
November"), when he ftarted, with his 
force of 700 or Soo men, for the Eaftern 
country. 

^ What was then known as Braintree 
is now known as Quincy; the prefent 
Braintree being at that time called Mo- 
natiquot. [Addrefs at the oJ)ent?tff of 
the nevj Town Hall in Braintree, July 
29, 1858, by Hon. C. F. Adams, 67; 
Vinton Memorial, 463]. 

^ Nicholas Paige was in Bofton in 
1665 ; married Ann, daughter of Ed- 
ward Keayne, and widow of Edward 
Lane (which Ann was tried for adul- 
tery 23 May, 1666, and made confeffion 
of " much wickednes ") ; ferved in Phil- 
ip's War, and was witnefs to articles 
of peace with the Narraganfetts 15 July, 
1675 ; was Captain of one of the com- 
panies raifed in Bofton on the over- 



throw of Andros ; was Captain of the 
Ancient and Honorable Artillery Com- 
pany in 1695. He is called " Lt. Coll." 
in 16SS. He died, probably, late in 
1717. In the repairs made, in 1863, 
upon the Univerfity Library building 
in Leyden, Holland, there were found 
under the floor of that room which for 
many years was ufed as a chapel by the 
Scotch Prefbyterian Church, fix memo- 
rial ftones, and parts of twelve bodies. 
One of the ftones bore the following 
infcription : — 

Here lieth buried Edward Paige, 
onely fon of Nicolas and Anna Paige, 
born at Bofton in New England, 
Feb. 20, 1622, died in Leyden, Nov. i, 
1680, N.S. 

The firft date ftiould, of courfe, be 
1662, and this is clearly the Edward Lane 
of whom Savage fpeaks [Ge«. DiS. 
iii : 50] as the fon, of that birth-date, of 
his mother while ftill the wife of Ed- 
ward Lane ; whofe name, for fome 
wife reafon, was changed to that of his 
mother's fecond hufband, after her fec- 
ond marriage. [Savage's Geti. Di(5i. iii : 
332. Mafs. Col. Rec. iv (pt. 2) .-309; 
Drake's Hifl. Bofl. i: 482. Leyden 
MSS.I 



[55] 

and waited upon his Excellency; who informed him of an 
unhappy War broke out in the Eaftern Parts; and faid 
he was going himfelf in Perfon, and that he wanted his 
Company with him: But Capt. Church not finding in him- 
felf the fame Spirit he us'd to have,^ faid, he hop'd his Ex- 
cellency would give him time to confider of it. He told him 
he mio-ht: and alfo faid that he muft come and Dine with 
him. Capt. Church having many acquaintance in Bq/lon, 
who made it their bulinefs fome to incourage, and others 
to difcourage him from going with his Excellency.^ So 
after Dinner his Excellency took him into his room and 
difcours'd freely; faying that he having knowledge of his 
former A6lions and Succefles; and that he muft go with 
him, and be his Second, with other incouragements. But 
in fhort, the faid Capt. Church did not accept, fo was dif- 
mift, and went home. 

Soon after this was the Revolution, and the other Gov- 
ernment Re-alfumed;^ and then Governour Broadjlreet^^ 

^ This can fcarcely refer to any feel- ton ; and, two days after, Gov. Brad- 

ing incident to advancing age, for Capt. ftreet and the Magiftrates who had been 

Church was not yet 50. chofen in 16S6, refumed the direction of 

* Andros was at this time fo unpopu- affairs. [Hutchinfon's Hi/i. Alafs. i : 

lar, that very few perfons in Bofton 333-344-] 

would then be apt to advife a friend ^ Simon Bradftreet was born — the 

to aid him, or undertake any thing un- fon of a Non-Conformift minifter — at 

der him. Horbling, in Lincolnlhire, in March, 

9 The fmothered flame broke out into 1603 ; took A.B. 1620 and A.M. 1624, 

the arreft of the Governor, a portion of at Emanuel College, Cambridge ; was 

his Council, and other obnoxious per- fteward of the Earl of Lincoln, and 

fons — about 50 in all — on Thurfday, then of the Countefs of Warwick; 

18 April, 16S9. On the 22 May, the came with Winthrop in the " Arbella," 

reprefentatives of 54 towns met in Bof- 1630; fettled in Newtown (Cambridge), 



[55] 



fent for Capt. Church to come to Bojlon^ as foon as his 
bufinefs would permit: Where-upon he went to Bojlon, and 
waited upon his Honour;" who told him he was requefted 
by the Council to fend for him, to fee if he could be pre- 
vail'd with to Raife Volunteers both EngliJJi and Indians 
to go Eaft; for the Ealtward Indians had done great fpoil 
upon the EngliJJt in thofe Parts ;^^ giving him an account 
of the Miferies and Sufferings of the People there: Capt. 
Churches Spirits being afte6ted, faid, If he could do any 
Service for his Honour, the Country, and their relief, he 
was ready and willing: His advice was asked, How he 
would aft, he faid. He would take with him as many of 
his old Souldiers as he could get, both EngliJJi and In- 



lived afterward at Ipfwich, Ando- 
ver, Bofton, and Salem. He was the 
firft Secretary of the Mafs. Colony; 
Commiffioner of the United Colonies; 
Deputy Governor 1672-9; afterward 
Governor until 1686 ; was the head of 
the moderate party, but oppofed An- 
dros's arbitrary a6ls, and relumed his 
place at the head of affairs when An- 
dros was depofed, where he continued 
until Sir William Phipps came, in 1693, 
with the new Charter. He died 27 
March, 1697, aged 94. He married (i) 
Ann, daughter of Gov. Thomas Dud- 
ley, by whom he had Samuel, Dorothy, 
Sarah, Simon, Hannah, Mercy, Dudley, 
and John ; (2) Ann, widow of Capt. 
Jofeph Gardner, and daughter of Eman- 
uel Downing. [Savage's Gen. Di6l. i : 
236; N. E. Hijl. & Gen. Reg. i : 75.] 

^^ The date of this is approximately 
fixed by cotemporary documents. Gov. 



Bradftreet wrote to Gov. Hinckley, 17 
July, 1689, " We have written to Capt. 
Church"; and 2 Aug., 16S9, "Capt. 
Church having alfo been written to 
from hence thereabouts, who is now 
here with the Council treating about 
that affair," &c. [Hinckley Papers, 4 
Mafs. HiJl. Coll. V : 204-5.] 

1'^ In April, 1689, the Indians renewed 
hoftilities at Saco; and 27 June, Coche- 
co (now Dover, N.H.) was furprifed, 
and Maj. Waldron and- 23 others were 
killed, and 29 were taken captive, and 
fold to the French in Canada. 2 Aug., 
Pemaquid was deftroyed, and the in- 
habitants Eaft of Falmouth (Portland, 
Me.) withdrew in terror to that town, or 
removed to other places of fuppofed 
fecurity. [Mather's Magnalia (orig. 
ed.). Book vii : 64-5; Williamfon's 
Hijl. Maine, i: 6io; Willis's Hijl. 
Porlland, 275.] 



[56] 

dzans, &c. The Gentlemen of Bojlon requefted him to go 
[56] to Rhode- IJland Government to ask their affiftance: 
So giving him their Letter, and about 40 s. in Money, he 
took leave and went home to Briftol on a Saturday; and 
the next Monday Morning he went over to Rhode-IJland^ 
and waited upon their Governour,^^ delivering the Letter, 
as ordered; pray'd his Honour for a fpeedy anfwer: ^^ who 
faid, they could not give an anfwer prefently; fo he waited 
upon them till he had their anfwer; and when he had ob- 
tain it, he carryed it to the B0JI071 Gentlemen; who defired 
him to Raife what Volunteers he could in Plymouth Col- 
ony,^^ and Rhode-IJland Government, & what was wanting 
they would make up out of their's that was already out in 
the Eaftern Parts. The Summer being far fpent Capt. 



1^ Walter Clark, eldeft fon of Jere- 
miah of Newport, was born about 1639 '■> 
was a Quaker; was freeman in 1665; 
6 Nov., 1672, was member of a com- 
mittee to audit the accounts between 
the Colony and its creditors ; in 1673 
and 1674 was on the committee to fee 
that the eledtion was conduced in an 
orderly manner; 2 May, 1676, was 
chofen Governor ; for many years after- 
ward was Deputy Governor, and then 
Governor again in 1686, and once 
more in 1696; died 23 May, 1714, aged 

74. He married (i) Content , 

who died March, 1666; (2) Hannah, 
daughter of Richard Scott, who died 
24july, 1681; (3) Freeborn, daughter 
of Roger Williams, and widow of 
Thomas Hart, who died 10 Dec, 1709; 
(4) Sarah, daughter of Matthew Prior, 



and widow of John Gould. [Savage's 
Ge?i. Did. i: 403; /?.-/. Col. Rec. ii : 
147, 481, 483, 517, 541; iii: 30, 186, 
312.] 

1* When the Revolution oufted An- 
dros, the old Charter Government was 
refumed in Rhode Ifland, but the 
"wary Clark" — who had been Gov- 
ernor when Andros arrived and feized 
the State — " hefitated to accept his 
former poft ; and for ten months Rhode 
Ifland was without an acknowledged 
Governor." [Arnold's Hiji. R.-I. i : 
512.] It was during thefe ten months 
that Church "waited upon him"; 
whence the difficulty of giving " an 
anfwer prefently" finds ready explana- 
tion. 

1^ Plymouth Court met 14 Aug., 1689, 
and voted their " concurrence " accord- 



[56] 

Church made what difpatch he could, and raifed about 250 
Men Vohinteers, and receiving his CommifTion from Go- 
vernour Hinkley^^ which is as followeth, viz. 

' The Council of War of their Majeflies Colony of 
'■ New-Plymouth i^i New-England. To Major 
' Benjamin Church, Commander in Chief. 

' T T Tllereas the Kennebeck & Eaflern Indians with their 

' ' ' Confederates, have openly made War upon their 

* Majefties Subje6ls of the Provinces oi Maine, New- Hamp- 



ing to their "weak capacity," in the 
meafures propofed by MafTachufetts to 
fubdue the Eaftern favages. They in- 
ftrudled their Commiffioners (i) to be 
fatisfied as to the grounds of the War ; 
(2) to take care not to be overcharged 
for its carrying on ; (3) to endeavor 
not to be involved in charges formerly 
contracted ; (4) to fecure due allowance 
to volunteers, and due bounty to the 
wounded ; (5) to arrange for difburfe- 
ments to be repaid in time convenient; 
(6) to ftipulate that what fhall be due 
to Plymouth foldiers fhall be paid here, 
to prevent charge of tranfportation and 
other lofs ; (7) that it be endeavored to 
engage the Mohawks as allies. It was 
alfo ordered " that the millitary officers 
of each town forthwith ufe their en- 
deavour to encourage Englifh & Indians 
to a volluntary going out in this pref- 
ent expedition under com'and of Capt. 
Church," &c. ; and that if a competent 
number fhould not volunteer " then 
fuch a number fhall be prefTed as fhall 
be by the Councill of war agreed upon 



in the feverall towns where vollunteers 
enough do not appear." 

It was further ordered, and I infert 
the order as curioufly intimating the 
proportionate ftrength of the towns of 
Plymouth Colony at this date, that 
" the proportion for men and armes 
for each towne for this prefent expedi- 
tion fhall be as followeth : each man 
to be provided with a well fixt gun, 
fword, or hatchet, a home or cartouch 
box, fuitable am'unition and a fnap- 
fack." viz : — 



M 


en. Ar 


lies. 


Men 


Amies. 


Plymouth, 


4 


3 


Rochefter, 


1 I 


Scituate, 


6 


S 


Monamoy, 


I I 


Marflifield, 


3 


3 


Succoneffett, 


I I 


Duxborough, 


2 


2 


Briftoll, 


3 2 


Bridgevvater, 


3 


2 


Taunton, 


4 4 


Middleborough 


I 


I 


Rehoboth, 


4 3 


Barnftable, 


4 


3 


Dartmouth, 


3 2 


Eaftham, 


4 


3 


Svvanfey, 


3 2 


Sandwich, 


3 


3 


Freetown, 


I I 


Yarmouth, 


3 


3 


Little Compton, 


2 2 



{^Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 212-216.] 

^•^ Thomas Hinckley was born in 1618, 
in Tenterden, Kent, being fon of Samuel, 
who came to this country in the Hercules, 



[56] 

' Jliire^ and of the Majfachufetts Colony, having committed 

* many barbarous Murders, Spoils & Rapines upon their 
' Perfons & Eftates. And whereas there are fome 

* Forces of Souldiers EngliJJi and Indians ^^ now raifed 
' & detached out of the feveral Regiments «& Places within 

* this Colony oi New-PlymoMth, to go forth to the affiftance 

* of our Neighbours & Friends of the aforefaid Provinces 
' and Colony of the MaJfacJmfctts^ Subje6ls of one and the 
' fame Crown; and to joyn with their Forces for the re- 
' pelling and deftru6lion of the common Enemy. And 

* whereas you Benjamin Church are appointed to be Ma- 
' jor & Commander in Chief of all the Forces EngliJJt and 
' Indians detached within this Colony, for the Service of 
' their Majefties as aforefaid. ffi^i)CS0 are in their Majefties 
' Name to Authorize & Require you to take into your care 
' & conduct all the faid Forces Engli/Ii and Indians^ and 

* diligently to intend that Service, by leading and exercif- 
' ing of your Inferiour Officers and Souldiers, commanding 

* them to obey you as their Chief Commander; and to 
' purfue, fight, take, kill or deftroy the faid Enemies, their 

in 1635. He was Deputy from Barn- Experience Majhew, and another Sam- 

ftable as early as 1645, and Afliftant in uel Prince. [Otis's Hiji. Bartijiable, 

1658; Deputy Governor in 1680; and 1:308-313.] 

Governor in 16S1, holding the office, i" Mr. Drake \^Book of the Indians, 

except when it was ufurped hy Andros, 270] ftates, on the authority of a MS. 

until the abforption of the Colony, letter of Capt. Baffett of this Expedi- 

when he was made Councillor of Mafs. tion, that there was an Indian Com- 

He died at Barnftable, 25 April, 1705, 072?. pany commanded by Capt. ^wo5, and 

87. He married (i) Mary Richards; another by Capt. Z>a;«c/; while Church 

(2) Mary Glover, daughter of Lawrence feems to imply that the Saconet In- 

Smith, and widow of Nathaniel Glo- dians who were with him were under 

ver. One of his daughters married Capt. Numpas. 



[57] 

' Aiders and Abetters, by all the wayes and means you 
' can, as you fhall have opportunity. And you to obferve 
' & obey all fuch Orders and Inftru6lions as from time to 
^ time you fhall receive from the Commiflioners of the 

* Colonies, the Council of War of this Colony, or the Go- 
' vernour and Council of the Maffachufetts Colony. In 

* Teftimony whereof the Publick Seal of the faid Colony 

* of New-Plymouth is here-unto affixed. Dated in Ply- 

* mouth the Sixth day of September, A^mo Dom. 1689. 

* Annoque Regni Regis et Regince Willielmi et Marise 

* AnglicB, &c. Priino. 

Thomas Hinkley, Prcjident. [57] 

And now Marching them all down to Bojion, then re- 
ceived his further Orders and Inftru6tions : which are as 
followeth, 

Bojlon, Septem. 16th. 1689. 

To all Sheriff's, MarJJialls, Conjlables, and other Officers 
Military and Civil, iji their Majejlies Province 
of Maine. 

' "X'\ 7"Hereas purfuant to an agreement of the Commif- 

^ ' ' lioners of the United Colonies, Major Benjamin 

' Church is Commiffionated Commander in Chief over 

* that part of their Majelties Forces (levyed for the pref- 

* ent Expedition againft the Common Enemy) whofe 
' head quarters are appointed to be at Falmouth in Cafco 
' Bay. In their Majeflies Names, You, and every of you 



[57] 

are required to be aiding and affifting to the faid Maj. 
Churchy in his purfute of the Enemy, as any Emergency 
fhall require ; and to Imprefs Boats, or other VefTels, Carts, 
Carriages, Horfes, Oxen, Provilion and Ammunition, and 
Men for guides &€. as 3'ou fhall receive Warrants from the 
faid Chief Commander, or his Lieutenant fo to do : You 
may not fail to do the fame fpeedily and effe6tually, as 
you will anfwer 3'our negleft and contempt of their 
Majefties Authorit}'' and Service at your uttermoft Peril. 
Given under my Hand and Seal the Day and Year above 
Written. Annoque Regi Regis et Regince Willielmi & 
Mariee Primo. 

By Thomas Danforth,^^ Prejident of the 
Province of Maine. 

By the Govcrnoiir and Council of the Maffachufetts Colo?iy. 
To Major Benjamin Church. 

* T T THereas j'^ou are appointed and commiffioned by the 
' ' ' Council of War of the Colony of New-Plymotith, 
' Commander in Chief of the Forces raifed w^ithin the faid 
' Colony, againft the Common Indian Enemy, now ordered 
'• into the Eaftern Parts, to joyn with fome of the Forces 
' of this Colony; for the profecution, repelling and fubdu- 

18 Thomas Dan forth, of Cambridge, Andros ; in i6So was appointed Prefi- 

was eldeft fon of Nicolas; was born dent for Maine, and, in 1692, Judge of 

in England; was freeman loMay, 1643; the Supreme Court; died 5 Nov., 1699. 

Deputy 1657-8; Affiftant 1659-78; Dep- He married Marj' Withington, of Dor- 

utj Governor 1679-86, and again after chefter. [Savage's Gen. Di(^. ii : 8.] 
2 9 



[57] 

^ ing of the faid Enemy. It is therefore Ordered that 
' Captain Simon Willard,^^ and Capt. Nathanael Hall^^ 
' with the two Companies of Souldiers under their feveral 

* Command belonging to this Colony, now in or about 
' Cafco Bay, be and are hereby put under you, as their 
' Commander in Chief for this prefent Expedition. And 
' in purfuance of the Commiffions feverally given to either 

* of them, they are Ordered to Obferve and Obey your 
^ orders and dire6lions, as their Commander in Chief until 

* further Order from the Gov€rnour & Council; Or the 
' Commiffioners of the Colonies. Dated in Bojlon the 
' 17th day of September, A^ino Do7n. 1689. Annoque 



i'^ SimoJi Willard was third fon of 
Maj. Simon; born 23 Nov., 1649; free- 
man 16S0; Captain in this war; was 
Deacon; died 21 June, 1731. He mar- 
ried (i) about 1679, Martha, daughter of 
Richard Jacob, of Ipfwich ; (2) 30 April, 
1702, Elizabeth, widow of John Wal- 
ley, and daughter of the fecond John 
Alden ; (3) July, 1722, Prifcilla But- 
tolph. [Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 555.] 

-^ I cannot identify this Captain, ex- 
cept by the fuppofition that he was the 
fame " Capt. Nathaniel Hall " who 
joined the Ancient and Honorable Ar- 
tillery Company in 1692, and who is 
barely mentioned by name, by Whit- 
man. \_HiJi. And. & Hon. Art. 228.] 
It feems to me that Mr. Savage is mif- 
taken in faying that he was that fon of 
the firft John of Yarmouth, who married 
Anne Thornton, jiracftifed as a phj'fi- 
cian. kept tavern, &c., &c. It is hardly 
probable that there were two cotempo- 



rary Nathaniel Halls of Yarmouth, both 
of whom fought the Indians. But that 
Nathaniel Hall who received grants 
from the Plymouth Colony in July, 
1681, and July, 1683, and who was li- 
cenfed to keep an ordinary, in addition 
to a grant of £5 per annum, 5 June, 

1684, to which £30 more, with the 
promife of £6 per annum, 'were added 
in June, 1685, — all on account of his 
" contenewed lamenefs " as "a de- 
criped fouldier, whoe became foe by a 
wound received in the late Indian 
warr," was of Yarmouth. And as he 
was thus an untitled penfioner up to 

1685, it feems unlikely that he could 
have been the Capt. Nathaniel who 
marched under Church in 1689. ^I^- 
Otis, however, thinks he w^as the fame. 
[Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 336 ; Plym. 
Col. Rec. vi : 65, 112, 130, 132, 169; 
Freeman's Hiji. Cape Cod, ii : 203. 
Otis's HiJi. Barnjlable, i: 241.] 



[S8] 

* Rcgni Regis et Rcgince Guilielmi d Mariae Anglice, &c. 

* Prima. 

Pajl in Council, S. Bradftreet, GOV. 

Atteji Ifaac Addington, Sccrr^ [58] 

By the CommiJJioners of the Colonies of the Maffachufetts, 
Plymouth and Connecticut, for managing the prefent 
War againfl the Common Enemy. 
' '^lllSttUCtiOUgi for Major Benjamin Church Commander 
' in Chief of the Plymouth Forces, with others of the 
' MaffacJmfetts put under his Command. 
' TN Purfuance of the Commiffion given you for their 
A ' Majefty's Service in the prefent Expedition againfl the 
' Common Indian Enemy, their Aidors and Abettors ; re- 
' pofmg confidence in your Wifdom, Prudence and Fi- 
' dcHty in the truft committed to you, for the honour of 
' God, good of His People, and the fecurity of the Intereft 
^ of Chrift in His Churches, expe6ting and praying that in 

* your dependance upon Him, you may be helped & 
' affifled with all that Grace and Wifdom which is requi- 
' lite for carrying you on with Succefs in this difficult Ser- 
' vice ; and tho' much is and mufl be left to your difcretion 
' as Providence and opportunity may prefent from time to 
' time in places of attendence: Yet the following Inflruc- 
' tions are commended unto your obfervation, and to be 

21 Ifaac Addington, only Ton of Ifaac, Council, and Secretary, in which office 

ofBofton, born 22 Jan., 1645; was bred he continued many years. He was 

for a furgeon, but was chofen Deputy afterward Judge. He died 19 Mar., 

1685, and next year Affiftant. Under 1715, (Et. 70. [Allen's Biog. Did. 

the new Charter, he was one of the 14.] 



[58] 

* attended fo far as the State of matters with you in fuch a 
' tranfaftion will admit. You are with all poffible fpeed 

* to take care that the Plymouth Forces both EngliJJi and 
' Indians under your Command be fixed and ready, and 

* the firft opportunity of Wind «& Weather, to go on 
' board fuch Veflels as are provided to tranfport you and 
' them to Ca/co, where if it fhall pleafe God you arrive, 

* you are to take under your care & command the Com- 
' panics of Capt. Nathanael Hall^ and Capt. Simon Wil- 
' lard, who are ordered to attend your Command, whom 
' together with the Plymouth Forces, and fuch as from time 
' to time may be added unto you; you are to improve in 
' fuch way as you fhall fee meet, for the difcovering, 
' purfuing, fubduing and deftroying the faid Common En- 
' emy, by all opportunities you are capable of; alwayes 
' intending the preferving any of the near Towns from 
' incurfions, and deftru6lion of the Enemy, yet chiefly 
' improving your men for the finding and following the 

* faid Enemy abroad, and if pofllble to find out & attach 
^ their head quarters and principal Randezvouz, if you find 

* you are in a rational capacity of fo doing; the better to 

* inable you thereto, We have ordered two men of War 
' Sloops, and other fmall VefTels for tranfportation, to attend 

* you, for fome confiderable time. You are to fee that 
' yoxxr Souldiers Arms be always fixt, and that they be 
' furniflied with Ammunition, Provifions and other necef- 
' faries, that fo they may be in a readinefs to repel and 

* attach the Enemy. In your purfute you are to take 



[59] 

' fpecial care to avoid danger by Ambufhments, or being 
' drawn under any difadvantage by the Enemy in your 
' Marches, Keeping out Scouts and a forlorn before your 
' main Body, and by all poffible means endeavouring to 
' Surprize fome of the Enemy, that fo you may gain intelli- 
' gence. You are to Supprefs all Mutinies and Diforders 

* among your Souldiers, as much as in you lies, and to 
' punifli fuch as dilbbey your Officers, according to the 
' rules of War herewith given you. [59] 

* You are according to your opportunity, or any occa- 
' fion more than ordinary occurring to hold correfpondence 
' with Major Swaine^^ and to yield Mutual affiftance when 
' and as you are capable of it, and you may have reafon to 
' judge it will be of moll Publick Service; and it will be 
' meet you and he fhould agree of fome Signal whereby 
' your India^is may be known from the Enemy. You are 
' to incourage your Souldiers to be induftrious, vigorous, 
'■ and venturous in their Service, to fearch out and deftroy 

* the Enemy, acquainting them. It is agreed by the feveral 
' Colonies, That they ftiall have the benefit of the Captives, 
' and all lawful Plunder, and the Reward of Eight Pounds 
' per head, for every fighting India7i man flain by them, 
' over and above their Stated wages ; the fame being made 
' appear to the Commander in Chief, or fuch as fhall be 
' appointed to take care therein. If your Commiffion Offi- 

22 This appears to have been Jeremiah previous to this war, and was at the 
Swain, of Reading, who was Deputy head of a regiment in 1691. [Savage's 
1686 and 1689, and Affiftant the latter Gcji. Dta. iv : 235; Mafs. Col. Rec. 
year. He was Captain for many years v: 476, 514.] 

13 



[ 59 ] 

cers or any of them fhould be flain, or otherwife uncapa- 
ble of Service, and for fuch reafon difmift, you are to 
appoint others in their room, who fhall have the Hke 
wages, and a Commiffion fent upon notice given, you to 
give them Commiffions in the mean time. You are 
to take effectual care that the Worfhip of God be kept up 
in the Army, Morning and Evening Prayer attended as 
far as may be, and as the Emergencies of your affairs 
will admit, to fee that the holy Sabbath be duely San6li- 
fied. You are to take care as much as may he to prevent 
or punifh Drunkennefs, Swearing, Curling, or fuch other 
Sins, as do provoke the anger of God. You are to ad- 
vife with your Chief Officers in any matters of. Moment, 
as you fliall have opportunit}^ You are from time to 
time to give intelligence and advice to the Governour & 
Council of the MaJfacJmfetts^ or Commiffioners of the 
Colonies of 3-our proceedings and occurrence that ma}^ 
happen, and how it lliall pleafe the Lord to deal with you 
in this prefent Expedition. 
' If you find the Veffels are not likely to be Serviceable 
' to you, difmifs them as foon as you may. 

' Capt. Silvanus Davis^ is a prudent Man, and well 

2^ Sylvanus Davis was at Sheepfcot time, being licenfed, in 16S7, "to retail 
1659; fwore allegiance to the King liquors out of doors in the town of Fal- 
1665; was wounded bj the Indians at mouth"; became unpopular in the days 
Arrowfick when Captain Lake was of Andros; commanded the fort; was 
killed ; removed to Falmouth (Port- captured by the French and Indians in 
land) 16S0; became a large land-owner ISIaj', 1690; was exchanged for a French- 
there, and had the moft extenfive ware- man 15 061., 1690; was put into the 
houfe in the Eaftern country at that Council by the Charter of William and 

14 



[59] 



* acquainted with the affairs of thofe parts, and is writt 

* unto to advife and inform you all he can. 

^ Such further Inftru6lions as we fhall fee reafon to fend 
' unto you, you are carefully to attend and obferve, and in 
'*the abfence of the Commiffioners, you fhall obferve the 
' orders and inftru6tions dire6ted unto you from the Gov- 
' ernour and Council of the Majjfachufetts. 

Given U7ider our hands in Bofton, Sept. i8. 1689. 
TJio. Hinkley Thomas Danforth, Prefident. 

^ohn PVa//ey^' EliJJta Cooke'''' 

Samuel Ma/on ~^ 
William PitkinF 



Mary 1691 ; lived in his latter days at 
Hull, Mafs. ; died 1704, leaving a wife, 
but no children. He wrote an account 
of his capture, &c., &c., which is on 
file in the Mafs. State Paper Office, 
and was printed in 3 Alajs. Hijl. Coll. 
i : 101-112. [Willis's HiJl. Port. 21, 131, 
208, 226, '231, 234, 258, 263, 2S4, 293; 
Savage's Ge7t. Di<^. ii : 21.] 

2* John Wallcy was fon of Rev. 
Thomas, of Barnftable ; was born in 
1643 ; was admitted to the Ancient and 
Honorable Artillery 1671 ; freeman 
1673; Captain 1679; was interefted in 
the fettlement of Briftol ; was one of 



Andros's Council 16S6; was chief mili- 
tary officer of the expedition to Qiie- 
bec 1690; was Judge of the Superior 
Com-t 1700-H ; died in Bofton 11 Jan., 
1712, cet. 68. He publillied a Journal 
of the Qixebec Expedition, which is 
contained in the appendix to the firft 
volume of Hutchinfon's Hiftory of Maf- 
fachufetts. He had a Angular contro- 
verfy with John Saffin, & in which 
Judge Byfield became alfo involved. 
[Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 400; HiJl. 
And. <& Hon. Art. 185 ; Freeman's 
HiJl. Cape Cod, i : 323 ; Walhburn's 
Judic. HiJl. MaJ's. 270.] 



25 EliJIia Cooke, fon of Richard, of Deputy 1681-3 ; Affiftant 1684-6; of 
Bofton, was a phyfician ; freeman 1673; the Council of Safety 1689; "^^^^ agent 



2S Samuel Ma/on was eldeft fon of July, 1664; Lieut. 1670; freeman 1673; 
Maj. John; born at Windfor, Conn., on the court-marllial for New London 



-' William Pitkin was of Hartford, Deputy 1675 ; Treafurer 1676 ; was Af- 
Conn., fon of Roger; freeman 1662; fiftant many years; Commiffioner for 

15 



[6o] 



[60] The Firfl Expedition, Eajt. 

BEing ready,^^ Major CJmrch imbarkVl with his Forces 
on board the Veffels provided to tranfport them fOr 
Ca/co,^^ having a brave Gale at S. W and on Fryday about 
3 a clock they got in fight of Cafco Harbour; and difcour- 
fing tv^o or three fmall Ships there, not knowing before 
whether they were friends or enemies; whereupon the 
faid Commander Maj Church gave orders that every man 
that was able fhould make ready, and all ly clofe, giving 
orders how they fhould a6l in cafe they were Enemies: 
He going in the Mary Sloop, together with the Refolution 
went in firft, being both well fitted with Guns & Men; 
coming to the firft, hail'd them, who faid they were friends; 

for Mafs. in England, with Oakes and beth, daughter of Gov. Leverett. [Sav- 
Mather, 1690-1 ; Judge of Probate 1701 ; age's Ge7i. Di6i. i: 445; Bradford's 
died 31 0(5l., 1715. He married Eliza- New Etig. Biog. iii.] 



Co., 1676; Deputy from Stonington, He married (i) 1 ; (2) Eliz. Peck. 

1678-82; Affiftant 1683-89; Captain [Co/. 7?t'c. C(7;/«. ii : 132, 201, 4S4; iii: 

1685; afterward Major and Commif- 3, 17, 36, 66, 75, 106, 114, 170, &c. ; N. 

lioner for Conn.; died 30 Mar., 1705. E. Hijl. & Gen. Reg.y.^: 117, 118.] 



the United Colonies 1678 ; and to treat He married Hannah, only daughter of 
with Gov. Dungan 1683; CommilTioner Ozias Goodwin. [Savage's G<?;/. /?/£?. 
again later; died 15 Dec. 1694, «?/. 58. iii : 441 ; Col. Rec. Conn, iii : 2, 17, &c.] 



28 " Major Church arrived at Fal- Portland, Me.,) notwithftanding the 
mouth in the latter part of September." -town had received from Maffachufetts 
[Williamfon's HiJl. Maine, i : 616.] 

29 "The old Indian name Cafco con- 
tinued to be ufed all the firft centui-y 
after the fettlement (for what is now 



the corporate name Falmouth, as early 
as 1658." The familiar aboriginal titles 
had then much vitality. [Willis's Hijl. 
Portland, 49.] 



16 



[6o] 

prefently Man'd their Boat, brought too, and fo came along 
the fide of them; who gave the faid Church an account, 
That yefterday there was a very great Army of Indians, 
& Fre7ich with them upon the Ifland,^*^ at the going out of 
the Harbour, and that they were come on purpofe to take 
Cafco Fort^^ and Town, likewife inform'd him that they 
had got a Captive Woman aboard (Maj. Waldens daugh- 
ter oi Pifcataqua"^^^ that could give him a full account of 



^^ Jofeph Prout wrote from Falmouth 
17 Sept., 1689, that 200 Indians were 
then on " Palmer's Ifland." [Willis's 
Hiji. Port. 277.] Palmer's was what 
is now Peak's liland, perhaps 500 rods 
E. of the mouth of Cafco River. 

^1 Fort Loyall had been eredled on 
Cleeves's Neck, on the point, at the foot 
of what was afterward King Street (now 
India Street), in 1680, and garrifoned by 
13 men, part of whom were fupported 
by Maffachufetts. 24 May, 1682, an 
agreement was made with Lieut. An- 
thony Brackett to keep the fort for one 
year, by 6 men in the fummer and 4 
men in the winter, " by continual watch 
and ward to keep it as a fort ought to 
be kept." The next j^ear, Walter Gen- 
dall was authorized to take charge of 
the fort if Brackett declined. [Willis's 
HiJl. Port. 226, 249, 254.] 

^ Richard Waldrnn (more properly 
Walderne) was born in Alcefter, War- 
wickfhire, Eng., where he was baptized 
6 Jan., 1615; came to America in 1635, 
with Mr. Hilton or Mr. Wiggin, to fee 
the country; ftaid about two years, and 
returned to England and married a 
gentlewoman of good famil_v ; came 

3 



back, and fettled at Cocheco Lower 
Falls. He was, at different periods. 
Selectman, Deputy, Affiftant, Major, 
Chief-Juftice of New Hampfhire, and 
adling Prefident. He was killed by the 
Indians (fee note 12) 28 June, 1689. 
He married (i) the Englifh lady above 
referred to ; (2) Anne Scamirton, lifter 
of Richard, Ibe died 7 Feb., 1685. By 
thefe wives he had (i) Paul, d. 1669; 
(2) Timothy; (3) Richard, b. 1650; (4) 
Anna; (5) Elnathan, b. 6 ]u\y, 1659, 
d. ID Dec, 1659; (6) Efther, b. i Dec, 
1660; (7) Mary, b. 14 Sept. 1663, d. 
young; (8) Eleazer, b. i May, 1665; 
(9) Elizabeth, b. 18 OA., 1666; (10) 
Marah, b. 17 July, 166S. Efther mar- 
ried (i) Henry, fon of Henry Elkins, 
of Hampton; (2) Abram Lee, " Chy- 
mift," who was killed with Major W. by 
the Indians; (3) Richard, fon of Rich- 
ard Jofe, of Portfmouth ; (4) ; 

and died in the lOand of Jerfey. She, 
of courfe, was the perfon here referred 
to by Church, having been captured by 
the Indians at the time of the murder 
of her father and hufband, three months 
before, and refcued by a Dutch priva- 
teer. [iV. E. HiJl. & Gen. Reg. ix : 55 ; 



17 



[6o] 

their number & intentions; He bid 'cm give his Service to 
their Captain, and tell him, He would w^ait upon him after 
he had been on Ihore and gave fome orders and dire(5tions : 
being come pretty near he ordered all the Men ftill to keep 
dole, giving an account of the News he had received, and 
then went a-fhore, where were feveral of the chief Men of 
the Town who met him, being glad that he came fo hap- 
pily to their relief; told him the News Mrs. Z^-^ had given 
them, being the Woman aforefaid. He going to Capt. 
Davis's ^^ to get fome refrefhment, having not eat a Morfel 
fince he came by Bojioii Caftle; and now having inquired 
into the State of the Town, found them in a poor condition 
for to defend themfelves againft fuch a number of Enemies : 
He gave them an account of his Orders and Inftru6lions, 
and told them what Forces he had brought, and that when 
it was dark they fhould all Land, and not before, left the 
Enemy fhould difcover them. And then he went on board 
the Privateer, who were Dutch Men; but as he went call'd 
aboard every Veffel and ordered the Officers to take care 
that their Men might be all fitted and provided to fight, for 
the People of the Town expe6ted the Enemy to fall upon 
them every Minute, but withal charging them to keep un- 
difcovered; and coming on board the faid Privateer, was 
kindly treated; difcours'd Mrs. Lce^ who inform'd him 

Belknap's Hiji. Nevj Hamf. i: 199; bay" a little E. of the foot of the 

Williamfon's HiJi. Me. i : 616.] prefent India Street; his lot there hav- 

^ Capt. Davis's [fee note 23, a7tte\ ing a front on the tidewater of 147 ft., 

houfe, to which Church now repaired and a depth of 630 ft., to the burjing- 

for rcfrelhment, ftood on the " great ground. 

18 



[6i] 

that the company fhe came with had fourfcore Canoo's: 
& that there was more of them, whom fhe had not feen, 
which came from other Places, and that they told her when 
they came all together, fhoiild make up 700 Men. He 
ask'd her, Whether Cafteen^^ was with them? She an- 
fwered. That there was feveral French Men with them, 
but fhe did not know whether [61] Cajleen was there or 
not. He then having got what intelligence fhe could give 
him, went afhore and viewed the Fort and Town, difcour- 
ling with the Gentlemen there according to his Inftru6lions ; 
and when it began to grow dark, he ordered the Veffels to 
come as near the Fort as might be, and Land the Soul- 
diers, with as little noife as pofTible; ordering them as they 
Landed to go into the Fort and Houfes that Hood near, 
that fo they might be ready upon occafion; having ordered 
Provifions for them, went to every Company and ordering 

^* Baron Vincent de St. Cajlin was could be annually realized at Penobfcot 

born near the Pyrenees, and became a from the beaver trade. He married 

man of wealth and eminence, and an the daughter of Madockatvando, chief 

officer in the body-guard of the King of the Tarratines; and, being a zealous 

of France. He arrived at Quebec Catholic, gave the Englilh great trouble 

about 1665 ; and, the regiment which from his inftigation of, and aid to, the 

he commanded having been difbanded, enemy in Indian wars. The Englifli, 

he fele(5led the pine-clad peninfula of on the other hand, at different times, 

Biguatus, in Acadie, as his refidence, ufed him very hardly. He went to 

where he eredted a fortified habitation, France in 1701, and probably never re- 

and for over a quarter of a century turned. His fon, by his Indian wife, 

carried on an extenfive and profitable continued to refide at Penobfcot, and to 

trade, fhipping merchandife from be influential among the savages. The 

France, and exchanging it with the prefent town of Caftine marks the 

Indians for furs. La Hontan eftimated fpot. \^La Hontan, i : 471 ; Tibierge's 

his profits at 200,000 to 300,000 crowns. Mem. Acadie, i 0(5t., 1695; Mc. Hijl. 

He himfelf teflificd that 80,000 livres C<;//. vi : 110-113.] 

19 



[6i] 

them to get every thing ready; they that had no Powder- 
horns nor Shot-bags, fliould immediately make them; or- 
dering the Officers to take fpecial care that the}- were 
ready to March into the Woods an horn* before day: and 
alfo dire6ling the Watch to call him two hours before 
day; fo he haftned to bed to get fome Reft. At the time 
prefix'd he was call'd,^^ and prefently ordering the Com- 
pan3''s to make ready, and about half an hour before day 
they mov'd; feveral of the Town People went with them 
into a thick place of brufh, about half a Mile from the 
Town;^*^ now ordering them to fend out their Scouts, as 
they us'd to do, and feeing them all fettled at their work, he 
went into Town by Sun rife again, and defired the Inhabi- 
tants to take care of themfelves, till his men had fitted 
themfelves with fome neceffaries: for his Indians moft of 
them wanted both bags and horns; fo he ordered them to 
make bags like Wallets to put Powder in one end and 
fliot in the other: So moft of them were ready for a6lion 
{yiz^ the Seconet Indians,^'' but the Cape Indians ^® were 



^ This was the morning of Satur- ^ The Indians on Cape Cod had 
day, 21 Sept., 1689. been friendly — with individual excep- 
ts "A portion of the central part tions — through Philip's war, and they 
[of the "neck" whereon the city of now furnilhed foldiers freely to aid the 
Portland now ftands] was fwampy and Englifli. As late as the Revolutionary 
covered with bullies and trees, and fur- war a fingle Continental regiment had 
rowed with gullies." [Willis's Journals 26 Ma/Jipee Indians; and it was stated, 
of Smith d- Dcane, 430.] in 1783, by Rev. Mr. Hawley, that moft 
3f See Part I. xxii. Probably all the of the MaJJipce women loft their huf- 
Saconet Indians who ferved in this bands in the fervice, at one time there 
expedition were under the command of being 70 widows there. [Freeman's 
Capt. Numpas. Hijl. Ccpe Cod, i : 692.] 



[6i] 

very bare, lying fo long at Bojlon before they imbark'd, 
that they had Sold every thing they could make a Peny 
of; fome tying Shot & Powder in the corners of their 
Blankets. He being in Town, juft going to Breakfaft, 
there w^as an Alarm, fo he ordered all the Souldiers in the 
Town to Move away as faft as they could, where the firing 
was; and he with what Men more were with him of his 
Souldiers, Mov'd immediately, and meeting with Capt. 
Brackits"^^ Sons, who told him their Father was taken, and 
that they faw a great Army of Indians in their Fathers 
Orchard,''" &c. By this time our Indians that wanted 
bags and horns were fitted, but w^anted more Ammunition: 
prefently came a MefTenger to him from the Town & in- 
form'd him. That they had knock'd out the heads of fev- 



^ Anthony Brackett, perhaps fon of 
Anthony, who was at Portlmouth, 1640, 
was at Falmouth as witneis to a deliv- 
en' of poffcffion 1662 ; married (i) Ann, 
eldeft daughter of Michael Mitton, and 
fettled on the 100 acres granted her at 
Back Cove by George Cleeves. He 
fubfequently enlarged his farm to 400 
acres. He was conftable 1664; juror 
1666 ; commifRoner 1668 ; was taken 
captive, with his wife, five children, 
and a negro fervant, by the Indians 11 
Aug., 1676, but efcaped by the bold 
life of an old, dilapidated birch canoe : 
his wife Ann died foon after, and, 30 
Sept., 1679, ^^ married (2) Sufanna, 
eldeft: daughter of Abraham Drake, 
sen., of Hampton; was Lieut. 1682; 
Capt. 1689 ; ^'^^ ^lot by the Indians in 
this engagement at his houfe on Back 



Cove. He had by the fir ft wife (i) 
Anthony, (2) Seth, (3) Mary, (4) Ke- 
zia, (5) Elinor; by the fecond, (6) 
Jane, (7) Zipporah, (8) Zachariah, (9) 
Ann, (10) Sufanna. [Willis's Hijl. 
Port. loi, 106, III, 138, 141, 156, 159, 
169, 172, 176, 181, 187, 202, 20S, 214, 
219, 225, 251, 268, 280, 290; Drake's 
Hubbard, ii : 139.] 

*' Brackett's farm lay on the W. 
fliore of Back Cove, above the creek, on 
the ground now occupied by the man- 
fion of James Deering, and the orchard 
extended toward the point. [Willis's 
HiJl. Port. 27S.] The Indians had gone 
round, under cover of the darknefs of 
the night, with their canoes from Peak's 
Illand up Cafco River or Back Cove; 
from either of which Brackett's farm 
was acceffible. 



[62] 

eral Casks of Bullets and they were all too big, being 
Musket Bullets, and would not fit their Guns, and that if 
he did not go back himfelf a great part of the Arm}^ would 
be kept back from Service for want of fuitable Bullets : He 
run back and ordered every VeiTel to fend a-fhore all their 
Casks of Bullets; being brought, knock'd out their heads, 
and turned them all out upon the green by the Fort, and fet 
all the People in the Town that were able to make flugs; 
being moft of them too large for their ufe, which had like 
to have been the over-throw of their whole Army: He 
finding fome fmall Bullets and what flugs were made, and 
three Snapfacks of Powder, went immediately to the 
Army, who were very hotly in[62]gag'd; but coming to 
the River,^^ the Tide was up; he calPd to his men that 
were ingag'd, incouraging them, and told them he had 
brought more Ammunition for them. An Lidian call'd 
Capt. Lightfoot^'"^ laid down his Gun, and came over the 
River, taking the Powder upon his head and a Kittle of 
Bullets in each hand, and got fafe to his Fellow Souldiers: 
He ^^ perceiving great firing upon that fide he was of, went 
to fee who they were, and found them to be two of Maj. 
CJmrch^ Companies, one of EngliJIi & the other of In- 
dians^ being in all about Fourfcore Men, that had not got 
over the River, but lay firing over our Mens heads at the 
Enemy; he prefently ordered them to Rally and come all 



*i This river was the prolongation *- See Part I. note 238. 

into the neck, of the S. W. extremity ^^ " He"— that is Church, not Light- 

of "Back Cove." foot. 



[62] 

together; and gave the word for a Cafco Man: So one 
Swarton "^^ a Jerfey man '^^ appearing, who he could hardly 
iinderftand; he ask'd him, How far it was to the head of 
the River? or whether there was any place they could 
get over? He faid, there was a Bridge'"^ about three quar- 
ters of a Mile up where they might get over: So he call- 
ing to his Souldiers ingag'd on the other fide, that he would 
foon be with them over the Bridge, and come upon the 
backs of the Enemy; which put new courage into them; 
fo they immediately Mov'd up towards the Bridge, March- 
ing very thin, being willing to make what lliow they 
could, fhouting as they March'd: they faw the Enemy 
running from the River-fide, where they had made Stands 
with Wood to prevent any body from coming over the 
River; and coming to the Bridge, they faw on the other 
fide that the Enemy had laid logs and fluck birch brufli 
alono^ to hide themfelves from our view. He ordered the 

** Mather \_Mag>ialia, Book VI. pp. and "Johana Swarton, York"; while 

10-14] gives a narrative of the captiv- " Marj Swarton, girl, Dover," is named 

itj of Hannah Stvarion, who was as remaining ftill in captivity. [iV. E. 

taken by the Indians when Cafco Fort Hi/i. d- Ge/i. Reg. vi : 87.] 

was taken, in 1690, with four children ; It may, perhaps, be reafonable to 

her hufband being then flain. In No- fuppofe that John Swarton was huf- 

vember, 1695, Ihe reached Bofton, leav- band of Hannah, father of thefe chil- 

ing two of her children behind her in dren, and the informant of Church on 

Canada. She fays fhe lived in Beverly, this occafion. 

Mafs., before going to Cafco; while *° That is, an emigrant from the Ifle 

Savage \^Gen. Di<^. iv : 237] gives the of Jerfey, — in Englilli pofleffion, but in 

name of John Swarton as of Beverly, French neighborhood. Its native in- 

in 1672. In a lift of Englifh captives habitants fpeak moftly a French ^w/ow. 

ranfomed from Quebec by Matthew *^ "In the fame place, probably, 

Carey, in October, 1695, occurs the where one now ftands, on Grove Sti-eet." 

name of "Jolh. Swarton, boy, Cafcow," [Willis's Hijl. Port. 278.] 



[62] 

Company to come all together, ordering them all to run 
after him, who would go firft, and that as foon as they got 
over the Bridge to fcatter, that fo they might not be all 
fhot down together, expe6ting the Enemy to be at their 
Stands; fo running up to the Stands, found none there, 
but were juft gone, the ground being much tumbled with 
them behind the faid Stands: He orderd the Captain with 
his Company oi EnglifJi to March down to our Men in- 
gag'd, and that they fhould keep along upon the edge of 
the Marfh, and himfelf with his Indian Souldiers would 
INIarch down thro' the brufh: '*^ and coming to a parcel of 
low ground which had been formerly burnt, the old brufh 
being fallen down lay very thick, and 3'Oung brufh being 
grown up made it bad travelling; but coming near the 
back of the Enemy, one of his Men call'd unto him their 
Commander, and faid, That the Enemy run Wejliuard'^^ 
to get between us and the Bridge, and he looking that way 
faw men running, and making a fmall flop, heard no fir- 
ing, but a great chopping with Hatchets; fo concluding 
the fight was over, made the befh of their way to the 
Bridge again, left the Enemy fhould go over the Bridge 
into the Town. The men being moft of them out (our 
Ammunition lay expos'd) coming to the Bridge where he 
had left Six Indians for an Ambofcade on the other fide of 
the River, that if any Enemy offer'd to come over they 

*^ Church's plan feems to have been dians, he moved " acrofs lots" due 
to fend his Englilh Ibldiers along the north, so as, if pofTible, to flrike the 
curve of the edge of the marlh toward enemy in the rear. 

the battle-ground, while, with his In- ^^ By running weftward, the enemy 

24 



[63] 

fhould fire at them, which would give him Notice, [_6;^'] lb 
would come to their affiftance; (but in the way having 
heard no firing nor fhouting, concluded the Enem}^ were 
drawn off) he asked the Ambofcade, whether they faw 
any Indiafis? They faid, Yes, abundance. He ask'd 
them. Where? They anfwered. That they ran over the 
head of the River by the Cedar Swamp,^'' and were run- 
ning into the Neck towards the Town: There being but 
one Englijli man with him, he bid his Indian Souldiers 
fcatter, run very thin to preferve themfelves, and the bet- 
ter able to make a difcovery of the Enemy: & foon com- 
ing to Lieut. Clarks^^ field on the South-fide of the Neck, 
and feeing the Cattel feeding quietly, and perceiving no 
Track, concluded the Ambofcade had told them a falfe- 



would be able to pafs round Church's 
left flank, and get to the bridge, and 
into the town, in fpite of, and before 
him. 

*^ Church's Indians evidently fup- 
pofed that the hoftile party were run- 
ning far enough weft to flank the Ihort 
river, and go around its fwampy fource 
into the neck and toward the town, in- 
ftead of attempting to crofs the de- 
fended bridge. 

5" Thaddeus Clark is faid by Rev. 
Timothy Alden (who gives no author- 
ity) to have been born in Ireland 
[Alden's American Epitafhs, ii : 98.] ; 
was at Falmouth, 1663, with his wife 
Elizabeth, then 18 years old, fecond 
daughter of Michael Mitton ; lived on 
the bank of the Cafco, juft above the 
point which ftill bears his name ; was 

4 25 



Lieut, of a company of town foldiers ; 
and, in an imprudent expofure of him- 
felf and his men, was killed, with thir- 
teen of his company, by the Indians, 
when they attacked Falmouth in 1690, 
and buried 4 July. His widow died in 
Bofton, in 1736, cet. 91. His eldeft 
daughter, Elizabeth, married Capt. 
Edward Tyng; another married a Har- 
vey, and was a widow in Bofton 17 19. 
His fon Ifaac fettled in Framingham, 
Mafs. ; married Sarah Stow, of Marl- 
borough ; had feven children; com- 
manded a company of troopers ; and 
died 26 May, 1768, cBt. 102, having 
lived 70 years with the wife of his 
youth. [Willis's Hiji. Port. 139, 141, 
232, 283, 292 ; Barry's HiJi. Fram. 208 ; 
Savage's Gen. Didi. i : 400. Me. HiJi. 
Coll. i : 203-214.] 



[ 63 



hood; they haftily return'd back to the laid Bridge, 
perceiving there was no noife of the Enem}^ He 
hearing feveral great Guns fire at the Town, concluded 
that they were either affaulted, or that they had difcover'd 
the Enemy: He having ordered that in cafe fuch fhould 
be, that they fhould fire fome of their great Guns to give 
him notice; he being a Stranger to the Country, concluded 
the Enemy had by fome other way got to the Town: 
whereupon he fent his Men to the Town, and himfelf 
going to the River, near where the fight had been; ask'd 
them^' how they did? and what was become of the 
Enemy? who inform'd him that the Enemy drew off in 
lefs than an hour after he left them, and had not fired a 
Gun at them fince. He told them he had been within 
little more than a Gun fhot of the back of the Enemy, and 
had been upon them had it not been for the thick brufhy 
p-round, &c. Now fome of his Men returning from the 
Town gave him the account, that they went while ^^ they 
faw the Colours ftanding & Men walking about as not 
molefled. He prefently ordered that all his Army fhould 
purfue the Enemy : But they told him that moft of them had 
fpent their Ammunition, and that if the Enemy had en- 
gaged them a little longer they might have come & knock'd 
them on the head; and that fome of their Bullets were fb 
unfizeable that fome of them were forc'd to make flugs 



^1 That is, having fent the Indians troops, whom he liad left near the origi- 
who had been with him to the town, nal battle-field, 
he went back and hailed his Englilli °' '> While — until." [Bailey.] 

26 



[6,i] 

while they were ingag'd. He then orderVl them to get 
over all the wounded and dead men, and to leave none 
behind: which was done by fome Canoo's they had got. 
Capt. Hall and his men being iirft ingaged did great Ser- 
vice, and fuffered the greateft lofs in his Men. But Capt. 
Southworth ^ with his Company, & Capt. NumpoJJi ^"^ with 
the Seconit Indians, and the moft of the men belonging to 
the Town all coming fuddenly to his relief, prevented him 
and his whole Company from being cut off, &€. By this 
time the day was far fpent, and Marching into Town 
about Sun-fet, carrying in all their wounded and dead 
men;'^'* being all fenfible of Gods goodnefs to them, in 



53 William SoutJnvorth, (probably 
youngeft) Ion of Conftant, was born 
1659 ; fettled in Little Compton ; was 
fele6tman 1683-5 > ^^^ commiffioned 
Lieut, for Little Compton, 1689; was 
allowed (as Lieut., though Church 
forgot and called him Captain then) 
255. per week for his fervice in this ex- 
pedition; married (i) Rebecca , 

and had Benjamin, Jofeph, Edward, 
Elizabeth, Alice, Samuel, Nathaniel, 

Thomas, and Stephen; (2) , and 

had Gideon and Andrew. \Ply7n. Col. 
Rec. vi : 108, 129, 168, 223, 229; Sav- 
age's Gen. Di<^. iv : 143.] 

5* See Part I. note 173. 

^ Church enclofed in his letter to 
the home authorities, the following 
'• lifte of the men that was flain in a 
fite at Falmouth, and alfo how many 
was wounded in faid fite," under date 
of 21 Sept., 1689; which is ftill pre- 



ferved in the Mafs. State Paper Office, 
as follows : — 
" of Capt. Hall's foldiers, 6 flain, — 
Thomas Burton, 
Edward Ebens, 
Thomas Thaxter, 
Thomas Berry, 
John Mafon, 
David Homes, 
of Capt. Davis's Company, 2 flain, — 
Giles Row, 

Andrew Alger (belonging to the fort of the 
town). 

alfo, , 3 flain, — 

An Indian. 

A negro of Col. Tyngs, 
Capt. Brackett (carried away or flain). 
Making n in all killed. 

Wounded, 6 friend Indians, and of Capt Davis's 
Company James Freeze, Mr. Bramhall, Thomas 
Browne, Mr. Palmer, — inhabitants. 
Total. 21 flain and wounded." 
Willis adds that Freeze, Bramhall, 
and one friend Indian, died of their 
wounds. [//{/?. Port. 280.] 

In relation to the enemy's lofs, Church 



[64] 



giving them the Vi6tory, and caufing the Enemy to fly 
with fhame, who never gave one fhout at their drawing 
off. The poor Inhabitants wonderfully rejoyced that the 
Almighty had favoured them fo much: faying, That if 
Maj. Church with his Forces had not come at that junc- 
ture of time, they had been all cut off; and faid fur- [64] 
ther, That it was the firft time that ever the Eajiward In- 
dia7is had been put to flight, and the faid Church with his 
Volunteers were wonderfully preferved, having never a 
inan kill'd out right, and but one l7idian mortally wounded, 
who dy'd,^^ feveral more being badly wounded, but re- 
covered. 

After this ingagement Maj. Church with his Forces 
ranging all the Country thereabout, in purfuit of the En- 
emy; and vilitingall the Garrifons, at ^'^ Black Pozjit, ^^Spur- 



wrote, 27 Sept., faying, " We know not 
vet what damage we did to the enemy 
in our laft engagement, but feveral 
things that they left behind them on 
their flight we found yefterday, which 
was guncafes and ftockings and other 
things of fome value, together with 
other figns that make us think that 
we did them confiderable damage." 
[3 Mafs. Hijl. Coll. i : 92.] 

^' Mr. Drake \_Book of Ind. 270.] 
ftates, on the authority of the MS. let- 
ter of Capt. Baffett, that the Indian 
who was killed was named Sam Mojes. 
[See the letter. Drake's Baylics's Plym- 
outh, p. 77.] 

^■^ Black Point lies in the town of 
Scarborough, on the fhore E. of the 
mouth of the Oxvajkoag River, and be- 



tween it and the Spur-vink. Origi- 
nally all the country between Saco and 
Spurwink was called Black Point, 
[il/e. Hiji. Coll. iii: 17.] In 16S1 a 
ftrong fort was built "upon the plains 
between Moor's Brook and the South- 
eaft end of the great pond," at the in- 
ftance of Capt. Jolliua Scottow, the 
garrifon of which, at this time, was 
under command of his fon Thomas. 
llbid. 132, 133.] 

^* Spur-vi»k fettlement lay between 
the mouth of Spurwink River and Cape 
Elizabeth, in the foutherly angle of the 
town of Cape Elizabeth. The garrifon 
feems to have been at the houfe of Do- 
minicus, fon of Rev. Robert Jordan. 
\_Me. HiJl. Coll. iii: 137; Williamfon's 
HiJl. Me. i : 29.] 



[64] 



wink, and Blew Point ; ^^ and went up Kennebeck River,'^° 
but to little effe6l. And now Winter drawing near, he 
received orders from the Government of the Maffaclmfetts- 
Bay, to fettle all the Garrifons, and put in fuitable Officers 
according to his bell difcretion, and to fend home all his 
Souldiers the Volunteers and tranfports; which orders he 
prefently attended.^^ Being oblig'd to buy him a Horfe to 



59 Blue Point was in the S.-W. part 
of the town of Scarborough, on Saco 
line, not far W. of Black Point. The 
garrifon appears to have been at Philip 
Foxwell's (fon of Richard) houfe, near- 
ly oppofite to where Mill Creek flows 
into the Oivajhoag. 

^'^ The mouth of the Ketuiebec is 
fcarcely more than 30 miles N. E. from 
Falmouth. Williamfon fays Church 
afcended the river " feveral leagues." 
{Hiji. Me. i : 617.] 

^1 The following document — among 
the valuable additions recently made to 
Baylies's Memoir of Plymouth Colofiy, 
by Mr. S. G. Drake — demands a place 
here, defcribing, as it does, Church's 
adlion not merely, but dilclofing, alfo, 
the names of fo many of his com- 
panions, and the proportions in which 
they were diftributed among the vari- 
ous garrifons : — 

" Province of Maine 

"Scarborough the nth 
Nouember, 16S9. 

" Att a Council! of warr held at the 
point Garrifon Prefent Major Benjemen 
Church, Capt Sylvanus Dauis, Capt. 
William Baffitt, Capt Simon Willard, 
with the reft of the Comiffion Offecers 
of Saco, Felmouth and Scarborough. 



" Itt is Ordered that one hundred 
theire Majefties Horfes now in this pref- 
ent Exspedition againft the Coinan 
Enimie, be detached out of the feu- 
erall Companyes, which Ihould number 
for the fecurity of the Garrifons there 
Relident, and in Cafe any of the Ene- 
mie be difcovered or Any tracks of 
them be made in this winter Seafon, 
untill further force be fent that may 
Advance to theire head Quarters. 

" Souldiers Quartered in the towne 
Ship of Saco twenty men ; in theire 
two Garrifons. In the townfhip of 
Scarboi-ough twenty men in theire 
Garrifons viz : three Sperwink In- 
cluded. 

"Felmouth the 13 Nouember: Att 
a Councill of Warr held in perfuance 
of what is above written, by Major 
Benjamen Church, and the officers 
abovefaid. Added Capt Nathaniel 
Hall, Leiut Thaddeus Clark, Leiut 
Eliflia Andrews, Mr. Eliflia Gallilbn, 
Leiut George Ingerfoll, Leiut Ambrous 
Davis, Mr. Robert Lawrance, Mr. John 
Palmer and others &c. 

"Itt is ordered that fixty fouldjers be 
Qiiartered in Felmouth, befides the 
Inhabitents, and the Souldjers that 
fliall Belonge to the ftbart, which iTiall 



29 



[64] 



go home by land, that lb he might the better eomply with 
his orders. The poor People the Inhabitants of Cafco and 
Places Adjacent, when they faw he was going away from 
them, lamented fadly, & beg'd earneftly that he would fuf- 
fer them to come away in the Tranfports; faying if he left 
them there, that in the Spring of the Year the Enemy 
would come and deftroy 'em and their Families, &c. So 
by their earnefl requeft the faid Maj. Church promifed 
them, that if the Governments that had now fent him, 
would fend him the next Spring, he would certainly come 
with his Volunteers and Indians to their relief: And that 



be ffifteen Souldjers befides the Com- 
ander and Gufier, and the Remayner 
to be fent to Bofton, to be Ready to 
Returne Accordinge to Order. 

" Itt is Oi-dered that there be A Suf- 
ficiant Garrifon Ere6ted about Mr Gal- 
lifons houle for a ma3'ne Court of 
Guard, Together with Mr Robert Law- 
rance, his Garrifon, which two Gar- 
rifons are to be fupplyed with the Sixty 
Souldjers left for to guard the faid 
towne. 

'' Itt is Ordered that Capt Nathaniel 
Hall is to take Charge as Coiuander in 
Cheife of thole fforces that are lefft for 
the defence of the Above faid three 
Townes, Thofe Souldjers that belong 
to Foart Loj'all only to be under the 
Comander of faid Foart. 

" Ordered that Leiut Richard Huni- 
well, is to Take the Charge and Con- 
dudl of the twenty Souldjers quartered 
at Blew-point Black point and Spur- 
winck Garrifons, as he the faid Leiiil. 
Munivvell lliall Recaive orders from 



time to time from the faid Coiiiander 
in Cheife. 

" Itt is Ordered that Enligne John 
Hill is to take the Care and Conduct of 
thofe twenty Souldjers Quartered at 
Saco Garrifon as the faid Enfigne Hill 
Ihall Recaive orders from time to time, 
from his faid Comander in Cheife. 

" Itt is Ordered that the fforty Sould- 
jers ported att Saco, Scarborough and 
Spurwinke are to be obedient unto the 
Coinanders of the feverall Garrifons 
where they fhall be ported whilrt in 
Garrifon, but to Atend the Coiiiands of 
Leiut. Huniwell and Enfigne John Hill 
refpedtively as they are Concerned upon 
theire fcoutinge or marchinge out : 

Given under my hand this 14th of 
Nouember : 1689 • 

" By Concent of faid : Councill 
" p mee 
"BENJAMIN CHURCH 

Coiiiander in Cheilc." 

[Drake's Baylies' s Hijl. Mem. Plym. 
Col. Part 5. p. 84.] 



3" 



65] 



as foon as he had been at home, and taken a little care of 
his own bulinefs, he would certainly wait upon the Gentle- 
men oi Bojlon, and inform them of the Promife he had 
made to them; and if they did not fee caufe to fend 'em 
relief, to intreat their Honours feafonably to draw them 
off, that they might not be a prey to the barbarous Enemy. 
Taking his leave of thofe poor Inhabitants fome*'" of the 
chief men there waited upon him to Black Pointy to Capt. 
Scottaways Garrifon ; coming there they prevailed with the 
faid Capt. Scottaway to go with him to Bojlon^ which he 
readily comply'd with, provided the faid Church would 
put another in to Command the Garrifon; which being 
done and taking their leaves one of another, they fet out 
and travelled thro' all the Country home to Bofto7i\ (hav- 
ing imploy'd himfelf to the utmoft to fulfill his Infhruftions 
lalt received from Bojlon Gentlemen, which coft him 
about a Months Service more and above what he had pay 
from Plymouth Gentlemen) and in his travel homeward 
feveral Gentlemen waited upon the faid Maj Church who 
was oblig'd to bare their Expences. When he came to 
Bojlon Gentlemen, he inform'd them of the miferies thofe 
poor People were in by having their Provifions taken from 

^- Thomas Scoitotv (Scof/azvay) was of the garrifon his father had built; 

fon of Jofhua, of Bofton and Scarbor-- fubfeqiiently to the war, and his father's 

ough; was born 30 June, 1659; gradu- death, difgufted with the favage hoftili- 

ated at Harvard College, 1677; was at ties incident to refidence there, he fold 

Black Point, 1679; fwore allegiance, his Scarborough property to Timothy 

1681 ; was appointed Regifter of Pro- Prout, and left the place. [Savage's 

bate and County Commiflioner under Ge». Did. iv : 40; Williamfon's Hiji. 

Andros in :6S8: in 1689 had command Mc. i : 692: Willis's Po;-//a«(f, 220.] 



[65 J 

them by order of the Prefident, ^c.^^ Then went home; 
ftaid not long there before he return'd to Bojlon^'"^ where 
Capt. Scottaway waited for his coming, that he might have 
the determination of the Government of Bojlon to carry 
home with him; and it being the time of the Small Pox^^ 
there (and Maj Church not having had it) taking up his 
Lodging near the Com't-houfe,^*^ took the firfl opportunity 
[65] to inform thofe Gentlemen of the Court his bufmefs; 
who faid they were very bufy in fending home Sir Ed- 
mund^ the Ship being ready to Sail.*^^ The faid Maj. 



63 " Prefident Danforth, bj requiring 
of them provifions for a fupply of the 
military, had brought them into great 
diftrefs." [Williamfon's Hijl. Me. i : 
618.] 

6* As, on the 6th Feb., he had been 
waiting in Bofton three weeks, the date 
of his " returning " to that city, here 
mentioned, muft have been about Wed- 
nefday, 16 Jan., i6|-|. 

65 The fmall-pox raged in Bofton 
during the fpring and fummer of 1690; 
and this teftimony of Church's fhows 
that its ravages had commenced as 
early as January, i6||. Samuel 
Green, jr., the printer, died, after an 
illnefs of three days with it, in July, 
1690; and his wife followed him a few 
days after. In Auguft, 1690, a fon of 
Rev. John Cotton wrote to his father, 
"The fmall-pox is as bad as ever." 
[Thomas's HiJl. Printing., i : 282.] 

66 The firft Bofton Court Houfe, or 
Town Houfe, was begun to be built 
about 1657. It ftood where the " old 
State Houfe" now ftands, in the head 



of State Street, and was burned in the 
great fire of 171 1, being built of wood. 
[Drake's Hiji. Boji. i : 350.] 

^^ The exaift date of the fhipping of 
Andros for England feems to have been 
fingularly unnoted in the records of 
the time ; and is, perhaps, more nearly 
determined by what Church fays here 
than in any other way. Hutchinfon 
fays \_HiJl. Mafs. i: 349], "The firft 
opportunity (the beginning of Febru- 
ary) after the arrival of the King's 
order, he, with Mr. Dudley and feveral 
others, embarked for England." Mr. 
Drake \_HiJl. BoJi. i : 486] fays, " Some 
time in the winter following [that of 
i6|^], an order was received from 
their Majefties to fend the prifoners 
over thence ; and they were accord- 
ingly fent in the firft Ibip bound to that 
country." The author of the Life of 
Andros {^Governors of Mafs. Bay, 
419] fays, "In February, 1690, they 
were fent home to England." Elliott 
{_Nexv-Eng. Hifi. i: 380] fays, "In 
February, 1689, with Dudley and fome 



32 



<^5 I 



Cktirck ftill waiting upon them, and at every opportunitv 
intreating thole Gentlemen in the behalf of the poor 
People of Ca/co, informing them the necellity of taking- 
care of them either by fending them relief early in the 
Spring, or futfer them to draw off, otherwife they would 
certainly be deflroj^ed, &c. There anfwer was, They 
could do nothing till Sir Ed7nund was gone. Waiting 
there three weeks upon great expences, he concluded to 
draw up fome of the circumftances of Cafco and Places 
Adjacent, and to leave it upon the Council-Board, before 
the Governour & Council; having got it done, obtained 
liberty to go up where the Governour and Council was 
fitting, he inform'd their Honours, that he had waited till 
his Patience was wore out; fo had drawn up the matter to 
leave upon the Board before them: which is as follows. 

To the Honoured Governour and Council of the 
Maffachufetts. 

Gentlemen, 

WHereas by verttie of Yours with Plymouths defires 
and Commands, I went Eaftward in the lafl Expe- 
dition againfi the Common Indian Enemy, where Providence 

others, he was fent awaj to England." make it clear, that, fo far as he was in- 

Barry {_H{Jl. Mafs. i : 508] fajs, "By formed, as late as the 6th Feb., i6|| 

the firft opportunity the prifoners were there was no immediate probability 

fent to England in the fliip 'Mehitabel,' that the Ihip would fail; as, had he 

Gilbert Baut, mafter," and places in feen fuch a probability, having waited 

the margin the date of " Feb. 9, i6fa." three weeks, he would have been likely 

The date of Church's communication to have waited at leaft a very few davs 

to the Governor and Council feems to longer in hope to fecm-e his end. 
5 Zl 



•55 1 



fo ordered tJiat ive Attacked their greatejl body of Forces, 
coming then for the Deflru6lio7i of Falmouth, which zve 
know Marched off RepuVfl with confiderable Damage, leav- 
ing the ground, and never fine e feen there, or in any Place 
Adjacent : the time of the Year being then too late to profe- 
cute any further defign, and other Accidents falling contrary 
to my expeftatio7i, Impeeding the defired Succefs. Upon my 
then Removal from the Province of Maine, the Inhabitants 
were very Solicitous that this Enemy might be further 
Prof edited, willing to venture their Lives and Fortunes in 
faid Enterprise, wherein they might ferve God, their King 
and Country, and injoy Quiet & Peaceable Habitations ; 
Upon which I promifed to fignifie the fame to J ^02ir Selves, 
and willing to ventue that little which Providence hath be- 
trufled me with on the faid account. The Seafon of the 
Year being fuch if fome fpeedy Aflio7i be not perforined in 
Attacking them, they zvill certainly be upon us in our Otit 
Towns {Cjod knaivs where^ and the Inhabitants there being 
not able to Defend themfelves, without doubt many Souls may 
be cut off, as our lafi Years Experience wofully hath declared ; 
The Inhabitants there trufi toyour ProteSlion, having under- 
taken Government and your Propriety, ^^ If nothing be per- 
formed on the faid account ( The befl way under Corre^ion "") 
is to Demoliffi the Garrifon, and draw off the Inhabitants, 
that they may not be left to a Mercilefs Enemy ; and that the 
Arms and Ammunition may not be there left for the 

C8 "Propriety — property." [^Ba/ley.'\ judgment, holding myfelf liable to cor- 
t*^' That is — "the beft way, in my region by _\ our luperior wifdoin." 

34 



[66 J 

JirengiJnihig of the Encfny, who without doubt have need 
enougJi^ having exhaitjlcd their greateji Store in this Winter 
Seafon : / have performed my Promife to them, and ac- 
quitted my felf in Specifying the fame to your felves '. Not 
that I defire to be in any A^ion {althd' williftg to ferve my 
King & Country^ and 7nay pafs under the cenfure of 
Scandalotis Tongues in the lafl Expedition, which I hope 
they ivill amend on the firfl opporttmity of Service. I leave 
to the Mature Confideration, the lofs of \^^ Trade and 
Fi/hery, the War brought to the Doors ; what a Triimtph 
will it be to the Enemy, derifion to our Neighbours, befidcs 
difJionour to God and oicr Nation, and grounds of froiuns 

fro7n our Prince, the fruflration of thofe whofe eyes are upon 

you for help, who might have otherwife apply ed themf elves to 
their King. Gentlemen, this I thought humbly to propofe 
unto you, that I might dif charge tny felf in my tru/l from 

your Selves, and Promife to the Inhabitants of the Province, 
but efpecially m.y Duty to God, His Majefly and my Nation, 
Praying for Your Honours Profperity, Subfcribe, 
A true Copy given in at Boflon, Your Servant, 
this 6th of February 1689. Benj. Church. 

At the Council Board. Attefl T. S. 

Maj. Church faid moreover that in thus doing he had 
comply'd with his Promife to thofe poor People of Cafco, 
and fhould be quit from the guilt of their bloud ; the Gov- 
ernour was pleafed to Thank him for his care & pains 
taken. Then taking his leave of them went home, and 

35 



[66] 

left Capt. Scottaway in a very forrowful condition, who re- 
turn'd home fometime after with only a Copy of what was 
left on the Board by the faid Church. Maj. Church not 
hearing any thing till May following and then was in- 
form'd, That thofe poor' People of Cafco were cut off by 
the barbarous Enemy: and that altho' they made their 
terms with Monfieur Cajieen, who was Commander of 
thofe Enemies, yet he fuffered thofe Mercilefs Salvages, to 
Maffacre & Deftroy the moll of them.''' To conclude this 
firfl Expedition, Ea/l ; I fhall juft give you a hint how 
Maj. Church was treated (altho' he was Commander in 
Chief of all the Forces out of Plymouth and Bojion Gov- 
ernment) after he came home, for Plymouth Gentlemen 
paid him but Forty two Pounds '^"'^ telling him, He muft go 
to BoJlon Gentlemen for the reft, who were his imployers 
as well as they. Of whom he never had one Peny for all 
Travel and Expences in Railing Volunteers, and Services 
done; except Forty Shillings or there about, for going 
from BoJlon to Rhode- IJl and on their bufinefs, and back to 

^ Fro7itetuic fent a body of French ''i Plymouth Colony voted, 25 Dec, 

and Indians with a large company of 1689, to pay Major Church '• £10. (be- 

Tarratines under Ca^in, early in May, fides what he hath received from the 

againft Falmouth. They made their Bay) more than his wages by the weeke, 

attack 16 May, and 20 May. Cajliti and that his weekly wages as Major in 

having "lifted his hand and fworn by ye late expedition be 40 a-." ; and "that 

the great and everliving God " to keep Major Church Ihall have £5. cafli, 

the articles of furrender, the garrifon and Capt. Baflltt £3. cafh, part of 

of Fort Loyall furrendered ; to find what is due to them from the Colony 

every article violated, with infult. abufe. paid to them by the Conftables of Pli- 

and the mod fiendilh atrocities. [3 mouth out of the lalt rate." \_Plyiii. 

Mafs. Hiji. Coll. i : 101-112. J Col. Rec. vi : 2.-9.] 

36 



[ 67 ] 

Bq/lon again: Alio for lending a Man to Provide7ice for 
Capt. Edmunds'^^ (who raif'd a Company in thofe Parts) 
and went Eajl with them. 

The Second Expedition, Eaft. 

TN the Year 1690. was the Expedition to Canada^ and 
-^ Maj. Walley often requefted Maj Church that if he 
would not go himfelf in that expedition, that he would not 
hinder others: He anfwered the faid Walley^ That he 
fhould hinder none but his old Souldiers, that us'd to go 
along with him, &c. And the faid Church going down to 
Charlejlown to take his leave of fome of his Relations,"^ and 
Friends, who were going in that Expedition, promifed his 
Wife and Family not to go into Bojlon, the Small Pox 
being very brief '^^ there.""^ Coming to Charlejlown, feveral 
of his Friends in Bojlon came over to fee him; and the 
next day after the faid Chtcrch came there, Maj. Walley 
[67] came to him, and inform'd him. That the Governour 

''■'^ See Part I, note ii6. manders." [Hinckley Papers, 4 Mafs. 

■^3 John Walley wrote, 21 Apr., 1690, Hiji. Coll. v: 247.] This "Lieut, 

to Gov. Hinckley, "The Indians of Southward" was doubtless Church's 

Dartmouth and Seaconnet — which are brother-in-law, William Southworth 

about 100 men, 50 or more armed — [see note 53, ««/c] ; and, if he went 

have had a meeting: chofe Lieut. to the war, he was probably one of the 

Southard for their Captain or Com- "relations" here referred to. Mr. Drake 

mander, and one Daniel Eaton ; un- thinks he was (by his nickname Bill) 

der whom they are willing to ferve the "B. Southworth " of Part I. page 35. 

the Englifh, if we Ihould be affaulted. ''* An evident mifprint for "rife" 

They have chofe Captain Numpas and which Dr. Stiles corredted. 

another Indian for their Indian Com- ''•'' See note 6s, ante. 



[ 67 ] 

and Council wanted to I'peak with him: lie anlwered him, 
That he had promis'd his Wife and Family not to go into 
Bojion ; faying, If they had any bufinefs, they could Write 
to him, and that he would fend them his anfwer. Soon 
after came over two other Gentlemen with a Meilage, 
that the Governour & Council wanted to have fome dif- 
courfe w^ith him: The anfwer return'd was, That he in- 
tended to lodge that Night at the Gray-hound in Roxbury^ 
and that in the Morning would come to Pollards at the 
South End of BoJlon \ ""^ which accordingly he did : foon 
after he came thither received a letter from the Honour- 
able Capt. Sewall'^ to requefl him to come to the Council; 



"^ Will/am Pollard was fon of Wil- 
liam and Ann (who was wont to boaft 
that l"he went over in the firft boat that 
crolTed Charles River, in 1630, and was 
firft to jump albore at what is now Bol- 
ton), b. 20 Mar., 1653; m. Margaret 

; had William, b. 21 Dec, 1687 

William again, 2 Apr., 1690, and Jona- 
than. Joined the Ancient and Honor- 
able Artillery Co., 1679. He kept an 
" ordinary," as I learn from the record, 
(through J. Wingate Thornton, Efq., 
from the kindnefs of W. I. Bowditch, 
Efq.,) a little over 100 ft. juft fouth 
of Eliot St., on Walhington St. [Sav- 
age's Gen. Did. iii : 449; Whitman's 
Hiji. And. (& Hon. Art. Co. 211.] 

17 Samuel Sewall, fon of Henry, was 
born atHorton, near Bafingftoke, Eng., 
28 March, 1652 ; came to New England 
with his mother 1661 ; graduated at 
Harvard Coll. 1671 ; was Captain of 
militia in Bollon, and Major of the 



regiment 1675-6; admitted freeman 
1678 ; joined the Ancient and Honor- 
able Artillery Co., 1679; '^^^ Captain 
of it 1701 ; Superintendent of the prefs 
1681 ; Affiftant 1684-6, and again 16S9- 
92 ; Judge of Superior Court 1692, and 
one of fpecial Commiflion to try the 
witches; Judge of Probate for 1715; 
Chief-juftice 1718-1728; died in Bofton, 
30 Jan., 1730, cut. 78. He was a book- 
feller at one time, and printed an 
edition of the catechifm with his 
own hand. He is now chiefly re- 
membered for his copious notes of 
the fa<5ls of the time, in journals, alma- 
nacs, &c., &c. He married (i) 28 
Feb., 1676, Hannah, only furviving 
child of John Hull, mint-mafter, by 
whom he had John, Samuel, Hannah, 
Elizabeth, Hull, Henry, Stephen, Jo- 
feph, Judith, Mary, Sarah, Judith 
(again), and another; (2) 29 0(5t., 
1719, Abigail, daughter of Jacob Mel- 



3S 



[67] 

the anfwer he return'd by the bearer was, That he thought 
there was no need of his hazarding himfelf fo much as to 
come & fpeak with them; not that he was afraid of his 
Life, but becaufe he had no mind to be concern'd any 
further, by reafon they would not hearken to him about 
the poor People of Cafco. But immediately came Mr. 
Maxfield^^ to him, faying, That the Council bid him tell 
the faid Church, That if he would take his Horfe and ride 
along the middle of the Street there might be no danger, 
they were then fitting in Council: He bid him go and tell 
his Mafters, Not to trouble themfelves, whether he came 
upon his head or feet, he was coming: however thinking 
the return was fomething rude, call'd him back to drink a 
Glafs of Wine, and then he would go with him. So com- 
ing to the Council, They were very thankful to him for his 
coming; and told him that the occalion of their fending for 
him was, That there was a Captive come in who gave them 
an account, That the Indians were come down and had ta- 
ken poffeffion of the Stone Fort at Pejepfcot^^ fo that they 
wanted his advice & thoughts about the matter; whither 

ven, and widow of William Tilley and Savage admits that the name may be 
James Woodmanfey ; (3) 29 Mar., 1722, the fame as Maxfield. He was a mem- 
Mary, daughter of Henry Shrimpton, ber ofthe "Scot's Charitable Society," 
and widow of Robert Gibbs. [Savage's in Bofton, in 1684. [Savage's Gen. 
Gen. Dia. iv : 55 ; Hijl. And. & Hon. Dia. iii : 183 ; Drake's Hijl. Boji. i : 
Art. 208; Wafliburn's yiidic. Hijl. 455.] 

Mafs. 258-263.] '^^ Pejeffcot fort was fituated on the 
'** James Maxzvell was doorkeeper for weftern fide of what are now known as 
the Governor and Council and Court Pejcpfcot Lower Falls, or Brunfwick 
in 1693, and was probably the man falls, on the Androfcoggiyi. [William- 
Church here had in mind. Indeed, fon's Hift. Mc. i : 46, 590. 624.] 

.>9 



[67 J 

they would tarry and keep in that Fort or not? and 
whither it was not expedient to fend fome Forces to do 
Ibme fpoil upon them; and further to know whither he 
could not be prevaiTd with to Raife fome Volunteers and 
go, to do fome fpoil upon them? He anfwer'd them, he 
was unwilling to be concern'd any more; it being very 
difficult and chargeable to Raife Volunteers, as he found 
by experience in the laft Expedition. But they uling many 
arguments prevail'd fo far with him, That if the Govern- 
ment of Plymouth faw caufe to fend him (he would go) 
thinking the Expedition would be fhort. Took his leave 
of them & went home. And in a fhort time after there 
came an Exprefs from Governour Hinkley^ to requeft Maj 
Church to come down to Barnjiable to him: he having 
received a Letter from the Government of Bojloji to raife 
fome Forces to go Eajl ; whereupon the faid Maj. Chu7^ch 
went the next day to Barnjiable^ as ordered; finding the 
Governour and fome of the Council of War there,^° dif- 

^ The Council of War at this time, John Thacher, (Yarmouth,) 

by law of 1671, was COmpofed of the John Walley, (Bamftable,) 

r- A \rr(x t n John Culhing, (Scituate.) 

Governor and Amilants as annually 

chofen, " and a like number of other To thele were added, in 1689, to make 

trufty and able men chofen alfo by the "P ^he Council of War, the following. 

General Court, and from year to year ^'^ ' 

filled up, if by death removed, or Nathaniel Byfield, (Briftol,) 

otherwife any of them be wanting, or ^'P'' J^^^t^an Sparrow, (Eaftham,) 

; ^ , . \„ Lieut. Ifaac Little, (Marflifield.) 
incapacitated to perform their truft. 

The Governor and Affiftants this year Who, of the number formerly ap- 

^ygj-g . pointed, held over to complete the 



number, we are not informed. [Brig- 
ham's Laws of Col. of Ne-w Ply 
John Freeman, (Eaftham,) 285; Plvtn. Col. Rec. vi : 205, 212.] 



Thomas Hinckley, Gov., (Bamftable,) j- ^ ■, j- -kt r^r 

William Bradford, Dep. Gov., (Plymouth,) ^am S Laws of Col. of New Ply, 



40 



[68] 

cous'd him, concluding that he fhould take his Indian 
Souldiers, and two EnglifJi Captains with what Volunteers 
as could be railed ; and that one Capt. fhould go out of 
Plymouth and Barnjlable County, and the other out 
of BriJIol County,^^ with [68] what Forces he could raife, 
concluding to have but few Officers, to fare Charge; the 
faid Chtirch was at great Charge & Expence in raifing of 
Forces. Governour Hinkley promifed that he would take 
care to provide Veflels to tranfport the faid Army with 
Ammunition & Provifions, by the time prefixt by him- 
felf, for the Government of Bojlofi had oblig'd themfelves 
b}^ their Letter, to provide any thing that was wanting; fo 
at the time prefixt Major Church March'd down all his 
Souldiers out of Brijlol Count}' to Plymouth^ as ordered ; 
and being come, found it not as he expe6led, for there was 
neither Provifions, Ammunition nor Tranfports; lb he im- 
mediately fent an Exprefs to the Governour who was at 
Barnjlable^ to give him an account that he with the Men 
were come to Plymouth^ and found nothing ready; in his ^^ 
return to the faid Churchy gave him an account of his dif- 
appointments ; and fent John Lathrop ^^ of Barnjlable in a 

81 The Plymouth Records fhow that 82 That is, Gov. Hinckley, in his re- 

the Court, which met 5 June, 1690, took ply to Church's meffage, "gave him 

adtion in regard to co-operating with an account, .ic." 

the Mafs. Colony in the propofed expe- 83 John Lothrop was youngeft fon of 

dition to Canada, and appointed Capt. Rev.John, of Barnftable ; married 3 Jan., 

Jofeph Silvefter (of Scituate) and Mr. 1672, at Plymouth, Mary Cole ; had 

John Gorham (of Barnftable) to be Cap- John, Mary, Martha, Elizabeth, James, 

tains, with Jabez Snow (of Eaftham) Hannah, Jonathan, Barnabas, Abigail, 

and Samuel Gallop (of Bofton.') Lieu- and Experience ; died 17 Sept., 1727, c^A 

tenants. ^Plym. Col. Rec. v'w 2^0.'\ 85. [Savage's Ge«. Z'/t?. iii : 120.] 
6 41 



[ 68 



VeiVcl with Ibme Ammunition and Provilion on board, to 
him at Plymonth\ alfo lent him word that there was more 
on board o^ Samtiel Alling^'^ oi Barnjlable^ who w^as to go 
for a Tranfport, and that he himfelf would be at Ply- 
inouth the next day: but Ailing never came near him, but 
went to Billings-gate at Cape-cod^^ as he was inform'd. 
The Governour being come, faid to Maj. Clmrch that he 
muft take Ibme of the open Sloops, and make Spar-Decks 
to them, and lay Platforms for the Souldiers to lye upon ; 
which delays were very Expenfive to the faid Chtirch\ his 
Souldiers being all Volunteers, daily expe6ted to be treated 
by him, and the Indians alwa3's begging for Money to get 
drink: but he ufing his utmoft diligence, made what dif- 
patch he could to be gone. Being ready to Imbark, re- 
ceived his Commiliion and Inftru6lions from Governour 
Hinkley, which are as followeth, viz. 

The Council of War of their Majcfly''s Colony of New- 
Plymouth in New-England. To Major Benjamin 
Church Commander in Chief &c. 

WHereas the Kenebeck and Eaftward Indians^ with the 
French their Confederates have openly made War 

84 Samuel Allym of Barnftable, eldeft 85 " Billinglgate Point is on the weft 

fon of Thomas of the same, born lo fide of the town [Eaftham], about 6 

Feb., i6ff; was Lieut., and Town miles from the main land, with which 

Clerk; was Deputy 1682-4; married it was formerly conne6led ; but for 

Hannah, daughter of Rev. Thomas many years it has been an ifland, the 

Walley; had Thomas, Samuel, Jofeph, fea having broken over and wallied it 

Hannah, and Elizabeth; died 25 Nov., away in two places, where is fufficient 

1726, at. 82. [Freeman's Hijl. Cape water for fmall vefTels to pafs through." 

Cod, ii : 274.] [Pratt's Hifi. Eajiham, 2.) 

42 



[68 J 

upon their Majejly's SubjeHs of the Provinces of Maine, 
New-Hamplhire and of the Maffachufetts Colony^ having 
committed many Barbarous Murders^ Spoils and Rapines 
upon their Perfons and Efiates. And whereas there are 
fome Forces of Soiddiers Englifh & Indians now raifed and 
detached out of the fever al Regi^nents and Places within this 
Colony of New-Plymouth,^^ to go forth to the Affiflance of 
our Neighbours and Friends of the aforefaid Provinces & 
Colony of the Maffachufetts, Subjects of one and the fame 
Crown. And whereas you Benjamin Church are appointed 
to be Major and Commander in Chief of all the Forces 
Englifh & Indians detached within this Colony., together with 
fuch other of their Majefly'^s Subjects as elfe where fhall Lift 
themf elves, or fhall be orderly put under your Command for 
the Service of their Majeflies as aforefaid. Thefe are in 
their Majeflies Name to A2ithorize and Require You to take 
into your Care & Condu6l all the faid Forces Englifh & 
Indians, and diligently to Inte^id that Service, by Leading 



86 The proportion fixed bj the Plym- 
outh Court, on which thefe foldiers 
were to be raifed and armed, was as 
follows : — 



Plimouth, 

Duxbury, 7 

Marllifield, 7 

Scituate, 16 

Bridgewater, 8 
Middleborough, 3 

Bamftable, 1 2 

Sandwich, 10 

Yarmouth, 10 

Eaftham, 10 



Men. Armes. 
13 4 



Men. Armes. 



Falmouth, 2 

Monamoy, 2 

Rochefter, 2 

Brirtol, 6 

Swaiifey, 7 
Little Comptoti, 4 

Dartmouth, 8 

Taunton, 14 

Rehoboth, 10 

b'rcetown, 2 



It was ordered, alfo, that there be 
raifed 50 Indians, — 22 in the county of 
Barnftable, 22 in the county of Briltol, 
and 6 in that of Plymouth. Alfo, 
Plymouth County was to "provide 
armes and other neceffaries" for 18 
men, Barnftable County for 15, and 
Briftol County for 17. {^Plym. Col. 
Rec. vi : 249.] The debt incurred by 
the Plymouth Colony for its fhare of 
the expenfes of this campaign amount- 
ed to £1,350. The entire ratable eltate 
of that Colony, then, was £35,900. 



43 



[69] 

& Exercijirig of yoitr Inferiour Officers and Souldiers, Com- 
manding thein to Obey [69] yoit as their Chief Commander. 
And to purfue, fght, take, kill or deflroy the faid Enemies 
their Aiders and Abettors by all the ways and means yon 
can, as youfJiall have opportunity, & to accept to Mercy or 
grant Quarter & Favour to fuch or fo many of faid En- 
emies as you Jliall find needfil for promoting the defign 
aforefaid. And you to obferve and obey all fuch Orders and 
InfiruHions, as from time to time you fitall receive from the 
Com7niffioners of the Colonies, or the Council of War of the 
faid Colony of New-Pl3^mouth, or from the Goveritour and 
Cou7icil of the Maffachufetts. In Tefiimony lu hereof is af- 
fixed the Publick Seal of this Colony. Dated in Plymouth 
the Second day of September, A?i7io Do7ni. 1690. An7to- 
que Reg7ti Regis et Regi7tcs Willielmi et Marice ^c. Se- 
cu7tdo. Tho. Hinkley Prefidc7it. 

i!n0tniCnOnS/<?r Major Benjamin Church Co7n7na7ider 
in Chief of the Plymouth Forces, with other of the 
MafTachufetts put under his Command. 

' TN purfuance of the Commiffion given you for their 
-*- ' INIajefty's Service in the prefent Expedition againft 
' the Common Enemy, I7idia7i «& French their Aiders and 
'' Abettors, on the requeft of our Brethren and Friends of 
' the Maffachufetts Colony, Subje6ls of one and the fame 
^ Cyoww oi Engla7td ', for our Affillance of them therein. 
' Repoling confidence in your Wifdom, Prudence, Pronefs 

44 



[69] 

' and Faithfulnefs in the truft under God committed to you 
' for the Honour of His Name, the Interell of Chrift in 
' thefe Churches, and the good of the whole People; Pray- 
' ing and Expecting that in your dependance on Him, you 
* may be helped and Aflifled with all that Grace, Wifdom 
' and Courage neceffary for the carrying of you on with 
' Succefs in this difficult Service; and tho' much is and 
' muft be left to your difcretion, with 3'our Council of Offi- 
' cers, as Providence & Opportunity may prefent from time 
^ to time in Places of a6tion. Yet the following Inflruc- 
' tions are commended to you to be obferved & attended 
' by you, fo far as the State and Circumftances of that affair 
' will admit. 

' You are with all poffible fpeed to take care that the 
' Plymouth Forces both EngliJJt «fe Indians under your 
' Command be fixed & ready on the firft opportunity of 
^ Wind & Weather, to go on board fuch Veflels, as are 
' provided to tranfport 3^ou to Pifcataqna\^'' and there take 
' under your care & command fuch Companies of the 
' Majfachufetts Colony, as fhall by them be Qrdered and 
'added to you there, or elfe where from time to time; all 
' which you are to improve in fuch way, and from place to 
' place, as with the advice of your Council, confifting of the 
' Commiffion Officers of the Majfachufetts Colony, and 
' Plymouth under your conduft, fhall feem meet, for the 
' finding out, purfuing, taking or deflroying of faid com- 
' mon Enemy, on all opportunities, according to Commif- 

8T Portfmouth, N.H. 
45 



7o] 



' lion, and luch further Orders & Inftruftions as you have 
or may receive from the Governour & Council of the 
Maffachufetts^ the Commiffioners for the United Colonies? 
or the Governour & Council oi Ply month \ fo far as you 
may be capable, Intending what you can the preferving 
of the near Towns from the Incurfions and [70] deftruc- 
tion of the Enemy: But chiefly to intend the finding out, 
purfuing, taking and deftroying the Enemy abroad, and if 
poflible to attack them in their head quarters and principal 
Randezvouz, if you are in a rational capacity of fo doing; 
and for the better enabling you thereunto, We have ap- 
pointed the VelTels that tranfport you, and the Proviiions, 
&€. to attend your motion & order, until you fhall fee 
caufe to difmifs them, or any one of them, which is 
delired to be done the firft opportunity that the Ser- 
vice will admit. You are to fee that your Souldiers 
Armes be always fixt, and they provided with Ammu- 
nition, and other necelTaries, that they may be always 
ready to repel and attack the Enemy. You are to take 
fpecial care to avoid danger in the purfuit of the Enemy's 
by keeping out Scouts, and a forlorn,^^ to prevent the 
Ambufhments of the Enemy on your main body in their 
Marches. And by all poilible means to furprize fome of 
the Enemy, that fo you may gain better Intelligence. 
' You are to take eflfedtual care that the worfhip of God 

88 '■'■Forlorn — men detached from or to begin the attack of a befieged 
feveral regiments, or otherwife ap- place." [^ff/7ej.] "Forlorn-hope" comes 
pointed to give the firft onlet in battle, from it, as implying fpecial danger. 

46 



[70] 

be kept up in the Army, that Morning and Evening Prayer 
be attended, and the holy Sabbath duly Sanftified, as the 
Emergency of 3'our affairs will admit. 

' You are to take ftri6l care to prevent or punifh Drunk- 
ennefs, Curling, Swearing and all other Vice; leaft the 
anger of God be thereby provoked to fight againll; you. 
You are from time to time to give Intelligence and advice 
to the Governour of the Maffachufetts^ and to us of your 
proceeding and occurances that may attend you. And in 
cafe of a failure of any Commiflion Officers, you are to 
appoint others in their ftead. And when with the advice 
of your Council aforefaid, you fliall after fome tryal fee 
your Service not like to be advantageous to the accom- 
plilTiment of the Publick end aforefaid: That then you 
return home with the Forces; efpecially if you fhall 
receive any orders or directions fo to do from the Majfa- 
ch^ifetts^ or from us Given under my hmid at Plymouth, 
the 2d day of September, Anno Domi 1690. 

' Tho. Hinckley GOV. & Prefident. 

Now having a fair Wind Maj Church foon got to Pifcat- 
aqua^^ who was to apply himfelf to Maj. Pike'^^ a worthy 



8** If Church failed from Plymouth 9 days. He probably reached Pifcata- 

immediately on receipt of his commif- qua on Wednefday, 3 Sept., and re- 

fion and inftrudlions, he probably got ceived the Major's inftrudtions two or 

off on Tuefday, 2 Sept., 1690. On three days before he was ready to move 

the following Tuefday he received his upon Pejepfcot. 

inftrudlions at Portfmouth from Major 3" Robert Pike, of Salifbury, fon of 

Pike, and fpeaks of being delayed about John, of Newbury' ; was freeman 17 

47 



[7>] 

Gentleman, who laid, He had advice of his coming from 
Bojlon Gentlemen; alfo he had received directions that 
what Men the faid Church fhould want muft be raifed out 
of Hampjliire ; out of their feveral Towns and Garrifons ; 
Maj. Pike ask'd him. How many Men he fhould want? 
He faid enough to make up his Forces that he brought 
with him, 300 at leaft, and not more than 350. And fo in 
about Nine days time he was fupply'd with two Companies 
of Souldiers. He having been at about Twenty Shillings 
a day charge in expences while there. Now he received 
Maj. Pike's Inftru6lions ; which are as followeth. 

Port/mouth in New-HampJJtire^ Sept. 9, 1690. 

To Maj. Benjamin Church Commander in Chief of their 
Majefty's Forces now defigned upon the prefent Expedi- 
tion Eafiward^ & now Refident at Portfmouth. [71] 

THe Governour and Council of the MalTachufetts Colony 
rep ofing great trufl and confidence in your Loyalty & 
Valour from experience of your former Anions, and of Gods 
prefence with you in the fame. In pu^fiant of an Order 
received from them,., Commanding it. Thefe are in their 
Majefiy^s Names to Impower and Require you as Command- 
er in Chief., to take into your care and conduB thefe Forces 

May, 1637; Reprefentative from S., Sarah Sanders, and had Sarah, Mary, 

1648, and Ibme following years ; Affift- Dorothy, Mary (again), Elizabeth, John, 

ant 1682 and 1691 ; Councillor 1689 and Robert, and Mofes ; died 12 Dec, 1706, 

1691; was Major in one of the EfTex cBt.()\. He was early a church member, 

regiments. He married, 3 April, 1641, [Savage's Gen Di<^. iii : 436.] 



[7-] 

now here prefent at their Randezvonz at Portfmouth; and 
they are alike required to obey you : and with them to Sail 
Eajlward by the firft opportunity to Calco, or Places Adja- 
cent^ that may be mojl commodious for Landing with fafety 
and fecrefy ^ and to vijit the Enemy French & Indians at 
their head quarters at Ameras-cogen,^^ Pejepfcot, or any 
other Plat, accordi7tg as you may have hope or intelligence of 
the Refide7it of the Enemy ; tfing always your titmofl in- 
deavour for the prefervation of your own Men, and the kill- 
ing, deflroying and utterly rooting out the Enemy wherefoever 
they may be found ; as alfo as much as may pofjibly be done 
for the redeeming or recovering of our Captives in any 
Places. 

You being then arrived, & ttndeifla^tding your way, to 
take your Journey back again either by Land or Water, 
as you fJiall judge mofl convenient for the accomplifJiing of 
the end intended; and to give intelligence always of your 
m-otions whenfoever you can with fafety and convenience. 

Laflly, in all to confult your Council the Commanders or 



91 Androfcoggin. On a rude pen- map is clearly contemporaneous, and 

drawn map [in the Connedlicut Ar- may have been traced by Church to 

chives, War. Vol. III. Doc. 86 (for affift their deliberations, — this is writ- 

a copy of vi^hich I am indebted to ten in two words, thus, Ambrofs Cogan, 

the kindnefs of the Hon. J. Hammond and is ftated to be " about 8o myle from 

Trumbull)], bearing notes in the hand- the fea." It was fituated upon a terri- 

writing of Hon. William Pitkin, who tory which ufed to be called by the 

was one of the two Connedlicut Com- Indians Roccamecco, and was the head- 

miffioners at the meeting in Bofton, quarters of the ^«</r(?/co^^v« tribe, and 

which declared war with the Eaftern feems to have been near the great Pen- 

Indians, and appointed Church com- ?iacook falls on the Androfcoggin river, 

mander (fee note 27, ante)., — which in Rumford. [il/c. ////?. Co//, iii : 323.] 

7 49 



[71] 

CommiJ/ion Officers of your feveral Companies, when it may 
be obtained, the greater part of zvhom to determine, and fo 
the Lord of Hofl the God of Armies go along zvith you, and 
be your Conduct. Given under my hand the day and year 
abovefaid. Per Robert Pike. 

Being ready ,^^ they took the firft opportunity and made 
the beft of their way to Pejepfcot Fort,®^ where they found 
nothing. From thence they March'd to Ameras-cogen,^^ 



9^ Church's letter to Gov. Hinckley, 
of date 30 Sept., 1690, narrating the 
events of this expedition — lately printed 
by Mr. S. G. Drake in his additions to 
Baylies's Plymouth [pp. 90-97] — fays, 
"We fett faile from Pifcataqua upon 
the io''» inftant, at 2 in the afternoon, 
and came the ii"" in the night amongft 
the Iflands in Cafco Bay." He proceeds 
as follows : — 

" Laid the veflells clofe out of fight 
— went on fhore at breake of day, upon 
an Ifland that had been inhabited by 
the Englilb, called Capoag-[C/iebeagiic, 
or Chebacco, now known as Great Ge- 
beag, and called " Shcab" on the "An- 
cient Plan."] We ranged about, found 
where the enemie had lately been, but 
were drawn off. This was the twelfth 
day. In the evening we wayed and 
came down to Macquait \_Maquoit^ or 
Marquoit, the N. E. termination of 
Magocook bay, in Freeport, Me.], and 
the 13th day about 2 : of the clocke in 
the morning we landed our men filently 
upon the Maine ; and leaveing fouldiers 
on board to keep the veffells, we marched 
in the night up to Pochipfcutt [^Pejep- 



fcot\ fort, — diuided the army into: 3: 
companies, furrounded the fort, and 
when daylight appeared we found that 
the enemie were removed not long be- 
fore we came there ; alfo the fouldiers 
found fome little plunder, and a barn 
of corn." 

93 Williamfon IHiJi. Me. i : 624] 
makes the carelefs miflake of repre- 
fenting the flight of Doney, the releafe 
of the captives, &c., which really took 
place on the next day (Sabbath, 14 
Sept., 1690) at the upper falls, as 
taking place here at Brunfwick Lower 
Falls. 

9^ Church fays in his letter [fee note 
92, a7ite\ that he went up "on the S. 
W. fide of the river altho the way was 
extream difficult : yet it was a more 
obfcure way : the enemie ufeing to 
march on the N. E. fide." He further 
fays [p. 91] that they marched on the 
fame day (Saturday) on which they 
reached Pejepfcot, " above the middle 
falls, about 20 miles," when it rained 
hard, and they there encamped. This 
was at Lewifton Falls, called by the In- 
dians Amity onpontook. They marched 



50 



[71] 



and when they came near the Fort Maj. Church made a 
halt, ordering the Captains to draw out of their feveral 
Companies 60 of their meaneft men, to be a guard to the 
Doctor & Snapfacks;^^ being not a Mile from faid Fort; 
and then Moving towards the Fort, they faw young Doney'^^ 
and his Wife, with two EngliJJi Captives : the faid Doney 
made his efcape to the Fort, his Wife was fhot down, and 
fo the two poor Captives releas'd out of their bondage. 
The faid Maj. Church and Capt. Walton'^'' made no Hop, 
making the beft of their way to the Fort with fome of 
the Army, in hopes of getting to the Fort before young 



the next daj at dawn, and came within 
fight of the fort about 2 P. M. [i»/e. 
Hijl. Coll. iii : 322.] 

95 " In fliort time came to the westerly 
branch of the Great River, and there 
left our baggage and thofe men that 
were tired, and made them up to forty 
men to guard tlie Dodlor." Church's 
Letter [Drake's Baylies., Pt. v : 91.] 

^ In his Book of the Indians [p. 307], 
Mr. Drake gives it as his opinion tliat 
this Doney, or Dony, family were French 
refidents among the Indians, like Cas- 
titi, and that this fon was a half-breed. 
Williamfon [i : 624] fays he was one of 
the Sokokis (or Sock/iiffones), who were 
the aborigines of the Saco valley. Sul- 
livan iHifi. Difi. Me. 180] calls old 
Doney " a favage." Mather [^Maffnalia, 
B. vii : 86, 87] enumerates Robin Doney 
among the Sagamores who figned the 
" fubmiffion " at Pemmaquid in 1693, 
and fays he was feized at Saco within a 
year after. He is thought to have been 
the " Old Doney" mentioned in a letter 



written by Church, and the father of 
this fugitive. Williamfon refers to him 
[i. 642] with Bomafecn. 

97 Shadrach Walton, of Great Ifland 
(now Newcaftle, N.H.), was fecond fon 
of George and Alice, was b. 1658, was 
Captain in 1690; Major in the attack on 
Port Royal in 1707; Colonel of New- 
Hampfhire troops in 1710; Colonel of 
the Rangers in a6tive fervice the next 
winter; was made a Royal Counfellor 
in 1716; quieted the Eaftern Indians in 
1720; was fenior member and Prefident 
of the Council Board in 1733 ; was Judge 
C. C. P. 1695-169S; Judge S. C. 1698, 
1699; and again Judge C. C. P. 1716- 
1737. He died 3 Oc5t., 1741, aged 83. 
He was father of George; Benjamin 
(H. U. 1729, a minifter) ; Elizabeth 
(m. Keefe) ; Abigail (m. Long) ; Sarah 
(m. Sheafe) ; Mary (m. Randall, and 
became g. g. m. of the founder of the 
"Free-\VillBaptift Connexion.") [Rev. 
A. H. Quint, D.D., in N. E. Hifi. & 
Gen. Reg. ix : 57.] 



SI 



[72] 

Do7tey\^^ but the River thro' which they rnuft pafs being as 
deep as their Arm-pits ; however Maj. CJmrch as foon as he 
was got over ftrip'd to his Shirt and Jacket, leaving his 
Breeches behind, ran dire6lly to the Fort, having an eye to 
fee if young Doney,v^h.o ran on the other lide of the River 
fliould get there before him: the Wind now blowing very 
hard in their Faces as they ran was fome help to them; 
for feveral of our Men fired Guns, which they in the Fort 
did not hear; fo that we had taken all in the Fort had it 
not been for young Doney^ who got to the Fort juft before 
we did, who ran into the South Gate, and out at the [72] 
North, all the Men following him except one, who all ran 
dire6tly down to the great River and Falls. The faid 
Church and his Forces being come pretty near, he ordered 
the faid Walton to run dire6lly with fome Forces into the 
Fort, and himfelf with the reft ran down to the River after 
the Enemy, who ran fome of them into the River, and the 
reft under the great Falls; thofe who ran into the River 

98 The account which Church gives thej were well entred the reft would 

in his letter is this : — be come up : alfo I gave order for 2 

" And looking over the brow of a hill companies to fpread between the woods 
by the river, efpied two Englifli captiues and the fort to preuent the efcape of the 
and an Indian, moving towards the fort : enemie that way — all which was at- 
ran after them, and foon took the Eng- tended. We were very wett running 
lifh but the Indian got cleare. Then I throw the riuer, but got up undifcovered 
feared he would informe the fort : gave to the fort till within fhott : few In- 
order, that all with one confent fhould dians we found there, but two men and 
run throw the river and not mind any a lad of about: i8: with fome women 
other forme : but he that could gett and children : 5 ran into the riuer, 3 or 
firft to the fort, if thej' had opportunity, 4 of which were killed. We killed 6 
to ofter them peace. If they would not or 7, and took eleven." [Drake's Bay- 
accept it to fall on, and by that time lies, Pt. v: 91, 92.] 

52 



[7^] 

were kill'd, for he faw but one man get over, and he only 
crept up the bank, and there lay in open fight ; and thofe 
that ran under the Falls they made no difcovery of, not- 
withftandlng feveral of his men went in under the faid Falls, 
and was gone fome conliderable time; could not find them; 
fo leaving a Watch there, return'd up to the Fort, where 
he found but one Man taken & feveral Women & Children, 
amongft which was Capt. Hakins ^^ Wife & Worumbos's ^^^ 
Wife, the Sachem of that Fort, with their Children; the 
faid Hakins was the Sachem of Pennacook, who defhroyed 
Maj Walden and his Family, fome time before, ^"^^ &c. The 
faid two Women, viz. Hakins and Worumbos's Wives, re- 
quefled the faid Church that he would fpare them and their 
Children's lives, promifing upon that condition, he fhould 
have all the Captives that were taken, and in the Indians 
hands: He ask'd them. How many.^ they faid about four- 
fcore: So upon that condition he promis'd them their lives, 
&c. And in the faid Fort there was feveral EngliJJi Cap- 
tives, who were in a miferable condition; amongft whom 



99 KanJtamagus (alias Joint Hogkiyis, here taken captive, and his fifter was 

Haivkins, or Haktjis) was a Pennacook among the flain. {^Book of the Indians, 

Sachem. About 16S5 he wrote feveral 297-300; Drake's ^«>7/£'5, Pt. v: 97.] 

letters to Gov. Cranfield, of New Hamp- i"** Woroml^o {JVo>-oml>os)-wa.s a Tar- 

fhire, difclofing his fear of the Mohawks ratine^ and Sachem oi Androfcoggin 

and his defire for Englilh protection. \^Ainos Coggen, Church fpells it, in 

He fubfequently fled to the eaftward, his letter, much as Pitkin wrote it (see 

and joined the Androfcoggins, where note 91, ante)^ He had two children 

he became hoftile to the fettlers, and in captured here. [Vid. Church's Letter, 

1689 headed the maffacre of Maj. Wal- 97.] 

dron. His wife and four children were ^^^i See notes 12 and 32, ante. 

53 



[72] 

was C2iY>t. Htickmgs'^s'Wi^e oi Oyjler-River}^^ Maj. Church 
proceeded to examine the Man taken, who gave him an 
account that moft of their fighting men were gone to Win- 
ter-harbour^ to provide Provifions for the Bay of Fondy 
Indians^ who were to come and joyn with them to fight the 
Engli/Ji}^'^ The Souldiers being very rude would hardly 
fpare the Indians life, while in examination, intending 
when he had done that he fhould be Executed: but Capt. 
Huckings Wife and another Woman down on their knees 
beg'd for him, faying. He had been a means to fave their 
Lives and a great many more; and had helped feveral to 
opportunities to run away & make their efcape; and that 



102 " We found a prety deal of corn in 
barnes under ground, and deftrojed it; 
alfo we found guns and amunition a 
prety deal, with beauer, and we took 
5 Englilh captives, viz. Lieut. Robert 
Hookins his widow of Oyfter River; 
Benjamin Barnards wife of Salmon 
Falls ; Ann Heard of Cochecho ; one 
Willifes daughter of Oyfter Riuer, and 
a boy of Exeter." \^Ibid. 92.] Oyjler 
River was originally a part of Dover, 
N.H., now Durham. James Huckins 
was ion of Robert, Conftable 1683 > had 
eldeft fon Robert; was killed in the 
onflaught of the Indians in Auguft, 1689. 
[Farmer's Belkitap's New Hamp. 131 ; 
Savage's Gen. Di^. ii : 487.] 

1""* Didlating to his fon Thomas a 
quarter of a century afterwards, it is 
not ftrange that fome particulars fhould 
have faded from the memory of Capt. 
Church. He here reprefents his hafte 
to make the beft of his way back to 



Winter-Harbor to be for the purpofe 
of intercepting and capturing thefe In- 
dians, who were gone thither for pro- 
vifions. But in his letter, written at 
the time, he informs Gov. Hinckley 
that — 

"Both Indians and Englilb informed 
us that the enemy had lately had a con- 
fultation. Many of them were for peace 
and many againft it, and had hired and 
procured about 300, and intended for 
Wells with a flagg of truce and offer 
them peace. If they could not agree 
then to fall on. If they could not take 
Wells, then they refolved to attack Pif- 
caitaqua." [p. 92]. 

He adds [p. 93] : " We made all hafte 
\m?ig\na.h\e, for fear Jojne of our toivns 
fJiould be attacked before -we came 
/loine." 

This would feem to be the true expla- 
nation of his hurried march back; that 
he feared a maflacre in his abfence. 



54 



[73] 

never fince he came amongft them had fought againft the 
EngliJJi^ but being related to Hakins^\i& kept at the Fort 
with them, he having been there two Years ; but his liv- 
ing was to the weftward of Bojlon. So upon their requeft 
his life was fpared, &c. Next day the faid Church ordered 
that all their Corn fhould be deflroy'd, being a great 
quantity, faving a little for the two old Squaws which he 
defign'd to leave at the Fort to give an account who he 
was, and from whence he came : the reft being knock'd 
on the head, except what afore-mentioned, for an example, 
ordering them to be all buried/°^ Having enquired where 
all their beft Bever was/' They faid, it was carried away 
to make a prefent to the Bay of Fondy Indians., who were 
coming to their Affiftance. Now being ready to draw off 
from thence, he call'd the two old Squaws to him, and 
gave each of them a Kittle and fome Biskets, biding them 
to tell the Indians when they came home, [73] that he 
was known by the Name of Capt. Church., and liv'd in 
the Wefterly part of Plymouth Government; and that 



104 There is a tinge of barbarity in aim was to fecure "the like to ours": 

the narrative here, which is abfent from "We left two old fquaws that were 

the letter, and which leads us to im- not able to march ; gave them vidluals 

agine that the doughty old warrior, enough for one week of their own corn 

roughly telling his talc fo long after, boiled, and a litle of our prouifions, and 

was fcarcely juft to himfelf in fome of buried their dead, and left them clothes 

the motives which he intimates. The enough to keep them warme, and left 

letter thus narrates it [p. 93], faying the wigwams for them to lye in, — 

nothing about " knocking on the head " gave them orders to tell theire friends 

for "example," which would have been how kind we were to them, — bidding 

a moft unlikely procedure where the them doe the like to ours." 

55 



[ 73 ] 

thole Indians that came with him were formerly King 
Philips Men, and that he had met with them in Philips 
War, and drew them off from him, to fight for the Eztgli/Ji 
againfl the faid Philip and his Affociates, who then prom- 
ifed him to fight for the EngliJJi as long as they had one 
Enemy left* and faid, that they did not queftion but be- 
fore Indian Corn was ripe to have Philips head, notwith- 
ftanding he had twice as many men as was in their Country; 
and that they had kill'd and taken one thoufand three hun- 
dred and odd of Philips Men, Women & Children, and 
Philip himfelf, with feveral other Sachems, &c. and that 
they fhould tell Hakins & Worttmbo, That if they had a 
mind to fee their Wives & Children they fhould come to 
Wells Garrifon, and that there they might hear of them, 
&c}^'^ Maj. Church having done, Mov'd with all his 
Forces down to Meqtwyl^^^ where the tranfports were 
(but in the way fome of his Souldiers threatned the In- 
dian man Prifoner, very much, fo that in a thick Swamp 
he gave them the flip and got away) and when they all 
got on board the tranfport; the Wind being fair made 
the befl; of their way for Winler Harboitr^^'' and the next 



l"5 The letter fays [p. 93] : — known Englifh name for the "Pool" 

" Alfo, if thej were for peace to come at Saco, Me., near the mouth of the 

to goodman Smalls [?] att Barwick Saco River, above Wood Illand, and 

within 14 dayes, who would attend to the fettlement which grew up near it. 

difcourfe them." Williamlbn IHiJl. Me. i: 26] fays it 

106 (' Returned in that day, and one was " fo called after an ancient inhabi- 
more, to our veffells at Macquait" tant there by the name of Winter." 
\_Ibid.'\ But John Winter lived at Richman's 

107 Winter-Harbor was the earlieft Ifland, or at the mouth of the 6jZ)7<r7t'iV;/4'. 

56 



[ 73 ] 

Morning ^"^ before day, and as foon as the day appear'd they 
difcovered Ibme Smokes riling towards Skamans Garri- 
fon:^°^ He immediately fent away a Scout of 60 Men, and 
followed prefently with the whole body ;^'" the Scout coming 
near a River difcovered the Enemy to be on the other fide 
of the River :^'^ But three of the Enemy was come over 
the River to the fame fide of the River which the Scout 
was of; ran haftily down to their Canoo, two of which 
lay at each end of the Canoo, and the third ftood up to 
paddle over: The Scout fired at them, and he that pad- 
dled fell down upon the Canoo and broke it to pieces, fo 
that all three perifhed;'^^ the firing put the Enemy to the 



[Willis's Portland, i6.] A better I'ug- 
geftion of the origin of the name is 
that of Folfom \_HiJi. Saco, 24] : " We 
have the tradition of the inhabitants of 
that part of Biddeford, that an EnglilTi 
veffel wintered in the Pool before the 
fettlement of the country, and that 
the fhelter thus afforded gave rife to 
the name of Winter Harbor." 

108 This would appear to have been 
Wedne/day, 17 SeJ>t. The fort was 
taken on Sunday; Monday "and one 
more " brought them to Maquoit, and 
"the wind being fair," they feem to 
have failed immediately, and reached 
their deftination the next morning. 

1"^ Scammon's Garrifon was " on the 
eaft fide of the Saco, 3 miles below 
the falls." [ William/on, i : 625.] Hum- 
phrey Scammon (^Scaininan, Scamtnond) 
was born 1640; m. Elizabeth, dau. of 
Dominicus Jordan, of Sj)urzvi/ik ; lived 
at Kittery Point and Cape Porpoifc 

S 57 



(Kennebunk-port) before he went to 
Saco; where he received a town grant, 
in 1679, ^"*^ *'^^ fame year purchafed of 
Henry Waddock's widow his 200 acres, 
extending "from the lower part of the 
river acrofs to Goofe-fair brook, and lb 
down to the fea." He died i Jan., 1727. 
Had Humphrey, (b. 10 May, 1677); 
Elizabeth (m. 1697, Andrew Haley, of 
Kittery) ; Mary (m. Puddington) ; Re- 
becca (m. Billings) ; Samuel, (b. 16S9.) 
[Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 34 ; Folfom's 
Hijl. Saco, 1S8.] 

li« "I fent out a fcout of 60 men to 
Salco Falls to make difcouery ; the reft 
in arms ready on ftiore : intending at 
their returne to march by land to Wells." 
ILetter, p. 93.] 

m "The fcout met with a fmall pty. 
upon the riuer, making filb and other 
prouifions, viz. old Dony and his crup, 
— about 40, in all." \^Ibid. p. 94.] 

•1- In the letter, Capt. Church repre- 



[73] 

run,"^ who left their Canoo's and Provifions to ours;^^"* and 
old Doney^^^ and one Thomas Baker an EngliJJi Man who 
was a Prilbner amongft them, were up at the Falls and heard 
the Guns fire, expe6led the other Indians were come to 
their Affiltance, fo came down the River in a Canoo, but 
when they perceived that there was EnglifJi as well as 
Indians^ old Doney run the Canoo a fhore, and ran over 
Bakers head and followed the reft, and then Baker came 
to ours; and gave an account of the Bever hid at Pejepfcot 
plain: and coming to the place where the plunder was, the 
Major fent a Scout to Pejepfcot Fort, to fee if they could 
make any difcovery of the Enemies Tracks, or could dif- 
cover any coming up the River; who return'd and faid 
they law nothing but our old Tracks at faid Fort, &c}^^ 



fents the enemy as being all upon the 
other fide. He fays : — 

"The enemie being on the other fide 
the riuer, ours could not come at them : 
they made Ihot at them : killed one 
Dicks, a baco [Mr. Drake ruggefi:s Abaco 
(the largeft of the Bahamas) ; but is 
Sebago (a nearer and fo likelier word) 
impoffible 'i'\ man, and got him on fiiore : 
2 more men fank in the riuer : fome of 
ours fwam ouer the riuer, took their 
cannoos and plunder." \^Ibid.'\ 

113 The letter fi:ates that " at this fcir- 
mifli Lt. Hunniwell was Ihot thorrow 
the thigh." {^IbidJ^ This was Richard 
Hunniwell, concerning whofe famous 
adventures as an Indian killer, fee Ale. 
Hiji. Coll. iii : 144-148. 

114 "There we took a pretty deale of 



powder, Ihot and lead, and other plun- 
der, and 8 or 9 cannoos." [Ib/d.'] 

115 Thomas Baker, Folfom fays (on 
the authority of the Scarborough rec- 
ords), was " an inhabitant of Scarbo- 
rough, in 1681." ^Hijl. Saco, 194.] 
Willis [_HiJi. Portland, 286] enumerates 
among thofe taken prifoners by the In- 
dians, at the fall of Falmouth, 20 May, 
1690, "Thomas Baker (a boy)." 

Ill) "The man we took from them at 
Salco, told us that the enemie from 
Cape Sables and all quarters were 
looked for by that time to rendevouze 
att Pechepfcutt : alfo that he knew that 
the enemie had brought beauer and 
other goods to Pechepfcutt Plaine, and 
hid them : he fuppofed it was a gratuity 
for the eaftward Indians : alfo, that he 



58 



L74] 

Now having got fome Plunder,"'^ One of the Captains 
faid it was time to go home, and feveral others were 
of the fame mind; and the Major being much difturb'd 
at the Motion of theirs, expecting the Enemy would 
come in a very Ihort time where they might have a 
great advantage of them, &c. Notwithftanding all he 
could fay or do, he was oblig'd to call a Council, accord- 
ing to his [74] Inftruftions, wherein he was out-voted. 
The faid Commander feeing he was put by of his inten- 
tions profer'd if 60 Men would ftay with him he would 
not imbark as yet; but all that he could fay or do could not 
prevail ;^^^ then they Mov'd to the Veffels and Imbark'd, 
and as they were going in the Veffels on the back fide of 
Mayr-point they difcovered 8 or 9 Canoo's, who turn'd 
ftiort about, and went up the River; being the fame In- 
dians that the Major expe6led, and would have waited for; 
and the aforefaid Captain being much difturb'd at what 
the Major had faid to him, drew off from the Fleet, and 
in the Night run aground ;^^^ in the Morning Anthony 

himfelfe knew within half a mile where der : of which a pretty deale of powder 

it was hid. This made us alter our and fliot" Letter \_Ibid.'\ 

former intention ; and took ftiip and ^l^ The only paragraph in Church's 

failed to a place more eaftward then letter which can be conftrued into any 

Macquait (called Mare Point [the reference to this conflidl between him 

fouth extremity of Brunfwick, Me.]) and his fubordinates is this : " Many 

Landed our men by daylight, about crofs things falling out to fruftrate the 

250: marched round in the woods: defigne, too long here to relate: but 

fome upon the eaftward of Pechef- from Major Pike your honors will hear 

fcutt" Letter {^Ibid. p. 94.] more at large." \^Ibid. p. 97.] 

117 " When we got upon the Plaine i^^ The letter fays : — 

we parted into 3 companies : found none "As god would have it one of our 

of the enemie ; but we found the plun- veflells run aground, which we did not 

59 



[74] 

Brakit^'^^ having been advis'd and dire6ted by the Indian 
that made his efcape from our Forces, came down near 
where the aforefaid Veffel lay a-ground, and got aboard; 
w^ho has proved a good Pilot and Captain for his Country. 
The next day it being very calm and mifty, fo that they were 
all day getting down from Maquait to Perpodack ; and the 
Mafters of the Veffels thinking it not fafe putting out in 
the Night, fo late in the Year,^~^ Anchored there at Per- 
podack'^ the Veffels being much crouded, the Major or- 
dered three Companies fhould go on fliore, and no more, 
himfelf with Capt. Co7ivcrfe''~~yN^vA.w\\\\ them to order their 
lodging, and finding juft Houling convenient for them, 
viz. Two Barns and one Houfe; fo feeing them all fettled 
and their Watches out, the Major and Capt. Co7iverfe re- 
turned to go aboard, and coming near where the Boat was, 

underftand (being in the night) and land] in the evening, being the 20"^ 

haueing left her we foon mift her, Capt. inftant." [Letter, p. 94.] 

Alden conchiding fhe had run aground. i''^^ James Converfe was Ion of James 

And before fhe came clear, there efcaped of Woburn, who was fon of Edward, 

one Anthony Brackett of Cafco, who who, with wife Sarah, came in the fleet 

was informed by the lad that efcaped with Winthrop, 1630; he was of Woburn, 

from Amofcoggin aforefaid, of our freeman, 1671, rep. 1679, 16S4-6, 16S9, 

army : he [Bracket] made his efcape, 1692, and Speaker in 1699, 1702-3. He 

got into our track, and came to Mac- married i Jan., 1669, Hannah Carter; 

quait, hollowed to the veffell, that heard had James, John, Elizabeth, Robert, 

him, and gladly took him on board." Hannah, Jofiah, Jofiah, Patience, and 

[Ibid. p. 93.] Ebenezei-. He was diftinguilhed as a 

120 Anthony Brackett, ]v. (eldefl: fon of Captain and Major in the Indian wars, 
Anthony, note 39, ante), was afterwards and was mixed up with an ecclefiaftical 
ferviceable as Lieut, and Capt. He difficulty juft before his death. [Sav- 
finally fettled in Bofton. [Willis's////?. age's Gen. Did. i : 444; Mather's Mag-- 
Portland, 2C)0.'\ nalia,y\i: Appendix, 16 ; Hutchinfon's 

121 "Came there [to Cafco, or Pur- Hijl. Mafs. ii : 67, 72; Hiji. and Gen. 
poodiick, oppofite to what is now Port- Peg: xiii : 31.] 

60 



[74] 

it was pretty dark, they difcovered fome Men, but did not 
know what or who they were; the Major ordered thofe 
that were with him all to clap down and cock their Guns, 
and he call'd and ask'd them. Who they were ? and they 
faid, Indians : he ask'd them, Whofe Men they were ? 
they faid Capt. Souikwort/i's: he ask'd them where they 
intended to lodge? They faid in thofe little Hutts that the 
Enemy had made when they took that Garrifon. The 
Major told them the}^ muft not make any fires; for if they 
did the Enemy would be upon them before day. They 
laugh'd, and faid. Our Major was afraid. Having given 
them their directions, he with Capt. Converfe went on 
board the Mary Sloop ; defigning to Write home, and 
fend away in the Morning the two Sloops which had the 
Small Pox on board, &€. But before day our Indians 
began to make fires and to Sing and Dance ; fo the Major 
call'd to Capt. Southworth to go a-fhore & look after his 
Men, for the Enemy would be upon them by'nd by. He 
order'd the Boat to be hall'd up to carry him a-fhore, and 
call'd Capt. Converfe to go with him, and jufl as the day 
began to appear, as the Major was getting into the Boat to 
go a-fhore, the Enemy fired upon our Men the Indians, 
notwithftanding that one Philip an Indian of ours, who 
was out upon the Watch, heard a man cough, and the 
fticks crack; who gave the reft an account, that he faw 
Indians', which they would not believe; but faid to him 
You are afraid : his anfwer was, that they might fee them 



6i 



[ 75 ] 

come creepping: they laugh'd and faid, they were Hogs: 
Ay, (faid he) and they [75] will bite you by'nd by. So 
prefently they did fire upon our Men; but the Morning 
being mift}^ their Guns did not go off quick, fo that our 
Men had all time to fall down before their Guns went off, 
and faved themfelves from that Volley, except one man, 
who was kill'd. This fudden firing upon our Indian Soul- 
diers furprized them that they left their Arms, but foon 
recover'd them again, and got down the bank which was 
but low: the Major with all the Forces on board landed 
as faft as they could; the Enemy firing fmartly at them; 
however all got fafe a-fhore. The Enemy had a great 
advantage of our Forces, who were between the Sun rif- 
ing & the Enemy, fo that if a man put up his head or hand 
they could fee it, and would fire at it: However fome 
with the Major got up the bank behind ftumps and rocks, 
to have the advantage of firing at the Enemy; but when 
the Sun was rifen the Major flip'd down the bank again 
where all the Forces were order'd to obferve his Motion, 
viz. That he would give three fhouts and then all of them 
fhould run with him up the bank: fo when he had given 
the third fhout, ran up the bank, and Capt. Converfe with 
him, but when the faid Converfe perceived that the Forces 
did not follow as commanded, call'd to the Major and told 
him the Forces did not follow; who notwithftanding the 
Enemy fired fmartly at, yet got fafe down the bank again, 
and Rallying the Forces up the bank, foon put the Enemy 



62 



[75] 

to flight; ^^ and following them fo clofe, that they took 13 
Canoo's,'-^ and one Lufty Man, who had Jofcph Ram/dle's^'^^ 
Scalp by his fide, who was taken by two of our Indians^ 
and having his deferts was himfelf Scalp'd. This being a 
fliort and fmart fight, fome of our Men were kill'd, and 
feveral wounded. ^^"^ Some time after an EngliJJi Man who 



1-3 Church's account in his letter 
varies a little : — 

"I landed the moft part of the men 
and went on fhore and ordered them 
where they Ihould lodge ; but the In- 
dians in particular I ordered to fuch a 
houfe, or elfe to goe on board again; 
but they, contrary to my order, took up 
their lodge on the riuer by Papooducke 
fide, where the enemie had lately ran- 
deuouzed. All the reft of the comandes 
and companies were where I ordered 
them to be. The enemie difcovered the 
Indians fires, — came in the night and 
difcouered where the Companies lay, 
and ambulhed thein at day-light : made 
a Ihot upon our Indians ; it being the 
2ist inftant, and the Sabbath day. Our 
Englilh arofe to the fuccour of the In- 
dians, friends; being all ready at break 
of day, pr. my order, and drawing up 
towards them, many were wounded and 
flain : the enemie haveing great advan- 
tage of ours ; for the light of the day, 
and ftares refle(5ling upon the waters 
gave them advantage to fee us, when as 
we could not fee them att all, againft 
the dark woods : efpecially we could not 
fe to distinguilh between our Indians 
and theirs. Whereupon I ordered to lie 
ftill under the fea bancks till daj-light : 
I coming on Ihore the fecond boat, and 



fee the difficulty : but the enemie fired 
hard upon the veflells and boats coming 
on thore : and when the day was light 
enough, I ordered the men to arife from 
the banks, and run all upon them at 
once ; the which we did, and foon put 
them to the flight, — followed them hard 
thorrow a fwamp, firing brifkly. They 
knowing where there cannoos were, got 
their wounded men into them before we 
came up, and moft of them put off". 
Our men affirmed but two that they 
fee killed." \Letter, p. 95.] 

124 "We took 2 guns and manj' blank- 
ets and gun-cafes, and 4 cannoos." 
[Ibid. p. 96 ] 

1-5 "A company of foldiers from Lynn 
were imprefl'ed by orderof the Governor, 
and fent out againft the Indians in the 
depth of winter. One of the foldiers 
from Lynn, Mr. Jofeph Ramfdell, was 
killed by them at Cafco Bay, in 1690." 
[Lewis's /^/y?. Lynn, I'jy ; Newhall's 
Annals of Lynn, 289.] 

1-6 The letter gives a more particular 
ftatement, as follows : — 

"We went on board fent away two 
veflTells with the captiues and fick and 
wounded men, and buried our dead, 
which was 3 Englilh and 4 Indians. 
The wounded were 17 Englifh and 7 
Indians. Them that were llain were 



63 



L7S] 

M^as Prifoner amongft them, gave an account that our 
Forces had kill'd and wounded feveral of the Enemy, for 
they kill'd feveral Prifoners according to their Cuftom &c. 
After this a6lion v\^as over our Forces imbark'd iox Pifcata- 
qua^ and the Major went to Wells^^'^ and remov'd the Cap- 
tain there, and put in Capt. Andras^^^ who had been with 
him and knew the Difcourfe left with the two old Squaws 
at Amcras-cogen, for Hakins & Woritmbo to come there in 
14 daj'S, if they had a mind to hear of their Wives & Chil- 
dren: Who did then or foon after come with a Flag of 
Truce to faid Wells Garrifon, and had leave to come in, 
and more appearing came in, to the number of Eight, 
(without any terms) being all Chief Sachems; and was 
very glad to hear of the Women and Children, viz. 
Hakins and Woriimbo's Wives and Children; who all 
faid three feveral times that they would never fight 

chieflej Plimouth. The wounded of before. Then we returned and come 
Capt. Counjerfe, 6 ; Capt. Floid, 3 ; to Portfmouth the 26th inftant, becaufe 
Capt. South worth, 4; Capt. Waltons, our doctor was gon home with the 
3; of Capt. Andrews, one, (fince that); wounded men, and our men were feu- 
one Englilhman of Ph'mouth is dead of eral of them fick and lame, and wanted 
his wounds, and an Indian: alfo an fhoofe and other recruits; or elfe we 
Indian and Englilliman both of Pli- would have gon furder before we had 
mouth dead of the fmall-pox." \_Let- com home." \^Ibid. p. 96.] 
ter, p. 96.] 128 EliJJia Andros {^Andrews, An- 
l^T The letter particularizes : — droivs\ was fon of James, (who was 
" We embarked and came to Cape fon of Samuel, and was born probably 
Neddicke, the 22d day, and marched in Saco, 1635, and who married Sarah, 
with about 200 men, (all we had fitt for dau of Michael Mitton, and Margaret 

fervice,) to Wells : Sent a fcout the next ,) and furvived his father, who 

day to Salco and Winter Harbour, — removed to Bofton and died in 1704. 

about 24 miles: made no difcoverie of [Savage's Gen. Did. i: 53; Willis's 

the enemie later than we were there Hijl. Portland, 289.] 

64 



[76] 

agalnft the Englifli any more, for the French made fools 
of them, &c. They faying as they did, the faid Andras 
let them go. Maj Church being come to Pifcataqua^^'^ 
and two of his tranfports having the Small Pox on board; 
and feveral of his Men having got great Colds by their 
hard Service, pretended they were going to have the Small 
Pox, thinking by that means to be lent home fpeedity; the 
Major being willing to try them, went to the Gentlemen 
[76] there and delired them to provide an Houfe, for fome 
of his Men expe6led they fhould have the Small Pox; 
who readily did, and told him, That the People belonging 
to it was juft recover'd of the Small Pox, and had been all 
at Meeting, &c. The Major returning to his Officers 
order'd them to draw out all their men that were going to 
have the Small Pox, for he had provided an Hofpital for 
them: So they drew out 17 Men, that had as they faid, all 
the fymptoms of the Small Pox; he ordered them all to 
follow him, and coming to the Houfe, he ask'd them, How 
they liked it? they faid very well. Then he told them 
that the People in faid Houfe have all had the Small Pox, 
and was recovered; and that if they went in they muft 
not come out till they all had it : Whereupon they all 
prefently began to grow better, and to make excufes, ex- 
cept one Man who defired to ftay out till Night before he 
went in, &c. The Major going to the Gentlemen, told them. 



129 The letter fixes the date of ar- 26th inftant." The letter bears date, 
rival : — Sept. 30, 1690, which puts the arrival, 

" And we returned to Portfmouth the Sept. 26. \^Letter^ p. 97.] 
9 65 



[76 J 

That one thing more would work a perfe6l cure upon his 
Men, which was to let them go home: Which did work a 
cure upon all, except one, and he had not the Small Pox. 
So he ordered the Plunder fhould be divided forthwith, and 
fent away all the Plymouth Forces. But the Gentlemen 
there defired him to ftay and they would be affifting to 
him in railing new Forces to the number of what was fent 
away ; and that they would fend to Bojlon for Provilions : 
which they did, and fent Capt. P laijled^"^^ to the Governour 
and Council at Bojlon, &c. And in the mean time the 
Major with thofe Gentlemen went into all thofe Parts and 
raifed a fufficient number of Men, both Officers & Soul- 
diers; who all met at the bank^^^ on the fame day that Capt. 
P laijled vQiurVi'd from BoJlo7i\ whofe return from Bojlon 
Gentlemen was. That the Canada Expedition had dreen'd 
them fo that they could do no more: So that Maj. Church 
notwithflanding he had been at confiderable Expences 
in railing faid Forces to Serve his King and Country was 
oblig'd to give them a Treat and difmifs them: Taking 
his leave of them came home to BoJlo7i in the Mary Sloop 
yir.Alden^^^ Mafler, and Capt. Cojiverje y^'ith. him, of a Sat- 

130 Capt. Ichabod Plai/ied, of Kit- moft fuitable for this place, it being the 
tery, 1674? \,HiJi. & Gen. Reg. xv : river's mouth, and good as any in this 
272.] land, and your petit'rs fhall humbly 

131 Stra-wberryBa^ih^i.e.Vortivixov^h. pray." [Petition to General Court for 
" Whereas the name of this plantation change of name. Brewfter's Rainbles 
att prefent being Straberry Banke, ac- about Poj-tjtnotitk, p. 23.] 
cidentally foe called, by reafon of a 13- CaJ)t. 'JoJm Aldeti, eldeft fon of 
banke where ftraberries was found in Pilgrim John, was born in 1622 ; re- 
this place, now we humbly defire to moved to Bofton as early as December, 
have it called Portfmouth, being a name 1659; ^^^ ^^^^ known as a naval com- 

66 



[77] 

urday; and waiting upon the Governour, and fome of the 
Gentlemen in Bojlon^ they look'd very ftrange upon them, 
which not only troubled them but put them into fome 
confternation what the matter fhould be, that after fo much 
toyl & hard Service could not have fo much as one plea- 
fant word, nor no Money in their Pockets; for Maj 
Church had but Eight Pence left, and Capt. Converfe none, 
as he laid afterwards. Maj. Chtirch feeing two Gentlemen 
which he knew had Money, ask'd them to lend him Forty 
Shillings, telling them his neceffity: Yet they refufed. 
So being bare of Money was oblig'd to lodge at Mr. Al- 
dens three Nights; ^^^ and the next Tuefday Morning Capt. 
Converfe came to him (not knowing each others circum- 
ftances as yet) and faid he would walk with him out of 
Town; fo coming near Pollards at the South End, they 
had fome Difcourfe ; that it was very hard that they fhould 
part with dry lips: Maj. Church told Capt. Converfe that 
he had [77] but Eight Pence left, and could not borrow 
any Money to carry him home. And the faid Converfe 
faid, that he had not a Peny left; fo they were oblig'd to 
part without going in to Pollards, &c. The faid Capt. 

mander; was in danger in the witch- upwards of £2000. [Drake's Hiji. 

craft delufion [Winfor (^Hijl. Duxbury, Bojioti, i : 499 ; Drake's Witchcraft 

215) wrongly fajs it was his fon John; Delujion in Ne-w England, iii : 26; 

but the documents call him "John Al- Alden's American Epitaphs, iii: 266.] 

din, Senior, of Bofton, Marriner,"] in 1^^ Capt. Alden lived on an alley 

1692, and was committed to jail, but leading from Cambridge to Sudbury 

ran away, and was ultimately cleared, Streets, from him called Alden's Lane, 

in 1693, "by proclamation, none ap- and, fince 1846, Alden Street; now the 

pearing againft him." He died in headquarters of lefs ufeful perfons. 

Bofton, 14 March, 1702, cet. 82, leaving [Drake's HiJi. Bo/ion, i : 500.] 

67 



[77] 

Converfe returned back into Town, and the faid CJmrch 
went over to Roxbury\ and at the Tavern he met with 
Stephe7i Braton^^^ of Rkode-IJland, a Drover; who was 
glad to fee him the faid Churchy and he as glad to fee his 
Neighbour: whereupon Maj. Church call'd for an Eight- 
Pe7iy Tankard of drink, and let the faid Braton know his 
circumftances, ask'd him whether he would lend him Forty 
Shillings? He anfwered, Yes: Forty Pounds, if he wanted 
it. So he thank'd him, and faid, he would have but Forty 
Shillings', which he freely lent him: and prefently after 
Major Church was told that his Brother Caleb Church ^^^ of 
Watertown was coming with a fpare Horfe for him, hav- 
ing heard the Night before that his Brother was come 
in; by which means the faid Maj. Church got home. 
And for all his travel & expences in railing Souldiers, and 
Service done, never had but 14/. of Plymouth Gentlemen, 
& not a Pe7zy of Bojlon: notwithftanding he had wore out 
all his Clothes, and run himfelf in debt, fo that he was 
oblig'd to Sell half a-fhare of Land in Tiverton for about 

134 Stefhen BraytonViZ.'s.ion oIYxtlw- tavern from 1686 to 1711 [fee Drake's 
cis, of Portfmouth, R.-I. ; freeman, Book of the Indians, p. 263] ; lived firft 
167S; on the grand jury, 1687; married, in Dedham, and afterwards in Water- 
8 March, 1679, Ann, dau. of Peter Tol- town; Reprefentative, 1713; married, 
man, of Newport, and had Mary, Eliz- 16 Dec, 1667, Joanna, dau. of William 
abeth, Ann, Preferved, and Stephen. Sprague, of Hingham ; had eight chil- 
[Savage's Ge7t. Didl. i: 240; R.-I. Col. dren,viz.: Richard, Ruth, Ljdia, Caleb, 
Rec. iii : 4, 233.] Jothua, Ifaac, and Rebecca. The laft 

135 Caleb Church appears to have been two were twins ; and, after giving them 
the fixth child of Richard — being the birth, their mother died, 11 July, 1678. 
youngeft fon of at leaft nine children, [Bond's Hijl. Watertown, 158; iV. E. 
as Benjamin was the oldeft; admitted Hi/l- & Gen. Reg. xi : 154; Part I. of 
freeman 4 March, 1689-1690; kept a this edition, p. xxx.] 

68 



[77] 

6o /. which is now worth 300 /. more and above than what 
he had.^36 

Having not been at home long before he found out the 
reafon vjhy Bq/lon Gentlemen look'd fo difaffe6ted on him; 
as you may fee by the fequel of two Letters Maj. Church 
fent to the Gentlemen in the Eaftward parts: which are 
as followeth. 

Brijiol^ Noveritb. 27. 1690. 
Worthy Gentlemen^ 

' A Ccording to my promife when with you laft, I waited 

■^-^ ' upon the Governour at Bojion upon the Saturday? 

' Capt. Converfe being with me. The Governour informed 

* us that the Council was to meet on the Monday follow- 

* ing in the afternoon, at which time we both there waited 

* upon them, and gave them an account of the State of 

* your Country, and great neceffities. They informed us, 

* that their General Court was to Convene on the Wednef- 
' day following; at which time they would debate & con- 
' fider of the matter; my felf being bound home, Capt. 

* Converfe was ordered to wait upon them, and bring you 

* their refolves. I then took notice of the Council that 

l^s It is my impreflion, that the good — buying £170 worth within a year of 

Col. Church got a little mixed in his this date — fcarcely favors the idea of 

recolledtions of thefe events, when, in pecuniary diftrefs. He did fell, how- 

his old age, he di(5lated this narrative. ever, in June, 1691, to Nathaniel By- 

The County Records contain no trace, field, £50 worth of land (43 acres) 

which I have been able to difcover, of on PofpafquaJJi neck, in Brijlol. He 

any fuch fale of half a fhare of land in owned, at this time, largely in Tiver- 

Tiverton by him at this time, or for ton, and in what is now the city of Fall 

years afterward ; while the fa6l that he River. [See Part I., Introdudory Me- 

was almoft conftantly purchafing land moir, pp. xxix., xxx.] 

69 



[78] 



' they look'd upon me with an ill afpe6l, not judging me 
' worthy to receive thanks for the Service I had done in 
' your parts ; nor as much as ask me whether I wanted 
' Money to bare my Expence, or a Horfe to carry me 
' home. But I was forc'd for want of Money (being far 
' from friends) to go to Roxbury on foot; but meeting there 
' with a Rhode-IJland Gentleman, acquainted him of my 
' wants, who tendered me Te^i Pounds^^'' whereby I was 

* accommodated for my Journey home: And being come 
' home, I went to the Minifter of our Town,^^® and gave him 

* an account of the tranfa6lions of the great affairs I had 
^ been imploy'd in, and of the great [78] favour God was 
' pleafed to fhew me, and my Company, and the benefit I 



^'^'^ He doubtlefs refers to Mr. Braj- 
ton [note 134, ante], but he ftates the 
amount of the loan differently from his 
former account of it. 

138 Samuel Lee was born in London, 
1625; the fon of Samuel, who was a 
merchant of large eftate ; took M. A. at 
Oxford, 1640; had a Wadham fellow- 
fhip, and, in 1656, was Prodlor, and 
Ledturer at Great St. Helen's, London ; 
in 1677 was affociated with Theophilus 
Gale, in Holborn ; in 1679 was fettled 
at Bignal, near Bicefter, in Oxfordfhire ; 
was afterwards at Newington Green, 
near London ; in the fummer of 1686, 
he landed here ; went foon to Briftol, 
R.-I., and became paftor of the church 
at its organization, 8 Maj, 1687 ; in 
1691, moved by the hope of better times 
under William and Mary in England 
than he had left there, and greatly 
to the regret of his people and of the 



miniftry and churches who knew him 
here, he failed for England on the Dol- 
phin ; was captured by a French priva- 
teer and carried into St. Malo, Avhere 
he died of prifon fever, leaving a wife 
and daughter, and was buried outfide 
the walls as a heretic. Cotton Mather 
faid of him, " It muft be granted that 
hardly ever a more univerfally learned 
perfon trod the American ftrand." He 
left a dozen or more volumes of printed 
works. While in Briftol, he lived on 
the eaft fide of Thames St. (which was 
then the fhore of the harbor), a fhort 
diflance north of the " Old Walley 
houfe." His houfe was afterwards the 
refidence of Jeremiah Finney, and of 
his fon Jofiah. [Sprague's Aiinals, i : 
209 ; Palmer's Calamy's Nonconformiji' s 
Memorial, i : 95 ; Wood's Ath. Oxo7i. ii : 
882, 883 ; Shepard's Difcourfes at Brif- 
tol, R.-I., pp. II, 50.] 



70 



[78] 

hoped would accrue to your felves; and defired him to 
Return Publick Thanks: but at the lame interim of time 
a Paper was prefented unto him from a Court of Ply- 
mouth, which was holded before I came home,^^'' to Com- 
mand a day of Humiliation thro' the whole Government, 
becaufe of the frowns of God upon thofe Forces fent 
under my Command, and the ill fuccefs we had, for want 
of good condu6t. All which was caufed by thofe falfe 
Reports which were pofted home by thofe ill affe6ted 
Officers that were under my Condu6l; efpecially one 
which your felves very well know,^^'' who had the advan- 
tage of being at home a Week before me, being fick of 
A6lion, and wanting the advantage to be at the Bank,^^^ 
which he every day was mindful of more than fighting the 
Enemy in their own Country. After I came home, being 
inform'd of a General Court at P lymouth^^'^ and not forget- 
ting my faithful Promife to you, and the duty I lay under, 
I went thither, where waiting upon them, I gave them an 
account of my Eaflward tranfa^fions, and made them 
fenfible of the falfenefs of thofe reports that were pofted 
to them by ill hands, and found fome fmall favourable 
acceptance with them, fo far that I was credited. I pre- 
fented your Thanks to them for their feafonable fending 

139 I find no record of this court, or referred to [p. 59] as having " faid it 

of any fuch appointment of a day of was time to go home ; " but I have not 

humiliation. "A publique day of hu- been able to identify him. 

miliation and faft " was appointed at ^^^ Straiuberry Batik. 

the December court, to be held on the 1^'- Held 4 Nov., 1690. See record of 

" fecond Wednefday of January next." fome things done then on the next page 

l^o Doubtlefs the "Captain" before (note 143). {Plym. Col. Rec. \\: 2S2.'\ 

71 



[78] 

' thofe Forces to relieve you, with that expence and 
' charge they had been at; which Thanks they gratefully 
'received; and faid a few Lines from your felves would 
' have been well accepted. I then gave them an account 

* of your great necellities by being imprifoned in your 

* Garrifons, and the great mifchief that would attend the 
' Publick concerns of this Country by the lofs of their 
' Majefty's Intereft, and fo much good Eftate of yours & 
' your Neighbours, as doubtlefs would be on the deferting 
' of your Town. I then moved for a free Contribution for 
' your relief, which they with great forwardnefs promoted ; 
' and then ordered a day of Thankfgiving thro' the Govern- 
' ment upon the 26th. day of this Inftant. Upon which 
' day a Colle6tion was ordered for your relief (and the 

* Places near Adjacent) in every refpe6tive Town in this 
' Government; and for the good management of it that it 
' might be fafely convey'd unto your hands, they appointed 
' a Man in each County for the reception & conveyance 
' thereof ^'^^ The perfons nominated and accepted thereof, 
' are : For the County of Plymouth, Capt. Nathanael TJwntas 
^ of Marjlijield : ^"^^ For the County of Barnjiable, Capt. 

l'*^ The record is as follows : — be kept and obferved as a publick day 

" Cap! Nath'! Thomas apointed in y^ of thankfgiving throughout j* colony." 

county of Plimouth to receive & take \_Plyjii. Col. Rec. vi : 255.] 

care for conveyance of the contribution 144 Nathaniel TJioinasv^as fon of Na- 

propofed for the relief of y® town of thaniel of Marfliiield ; was born 1643 ; 

Wells & parts adjacent. married, 19 Jan., 1664, Deborah, dau. 

"Cap* Jofeph Lothrop, y« like for y® of Nicholas Jacobs, of Hingham; had 

county of Barnftable, & Major Benjamin Nathaniel, Jofeph, Deborah, Dorothy, 

Church for y^ county of Briftol. William, Elifha, Jofhua, Caleb, Ifaac, 

" The Court apoint the 36'.'' inftant to and Mary; 3 Nov., 1696, he married 

72 



[79] 

^ JofiP^^ Lathrop of Barnjlable'. ^^^ And for the County of 
^ Brijiol, my felf. Which when gathered you will have a 
^ particular account from each perfon, with orders of advice 

* how it may be difpofed of for your befl advantage, with a 

* Copy of the Courts order. The Gentlemen the effects 
' are to be fent to are your felves that I now Write to, viz. 
' yohn Wheelwright Efq;^'**^ Capt. John Littlefield ^^"^ and 

* Lieut, yofeph Story}^^ I defer'd writing expe6ling every 

* day to hear from you concerning the Indians coming to 

* treat about their Prifoners that we [79] had taken. The 
' difcourfe I made with them at Aineras-cogen^ I knew 
' would have that Effeft as to bring them to a treaty, which 

* I fhould have thought my felf happy to have been im- 

* proved in, knowing that it would have made much for 
' your good. But no intelligence coming to me from any 

Elizabeth, widow of Captain William Plym. Col. Rec. vi : lo, 67, 85, 106, 128, 

Condy; he was Reprefentative 1672, 169, 240, 251.] 

and feven years more, and alfo at Bof- l'*'' Jokti Wheel-wright was probably 

ton under the new charter; ferved in fon of Samuel, of Wells; was Colonel 

Philip's War ; died 22 0(5l., 1718. [Sav- and Deputy, and "a gentleman of a 

age's Gen. Di'di. iv : 281; Thomas's charadler above fufpicion"; died 1745. 

Memorials of Mar/hjield, p. 54.] Little feems to be known of him that 

145 yofeph Lotkrop was third fon of can be accurately ftated. [Savage's 

Rev. John, of Barnftable; born in Eng- Geti. Didi. iv : 503; Allen's Biog. Didi. 

land; married 11 Dec, 1650, Mary p. 846.] 

Anfell ; licenfed to keep an ordinary, 1*'' jFohn Littlefield was fon of Ed- 

1653 ; ranked as Lieut., 1670; was mund, of Exeter and Wells; was at 

Deputy from, and Selectman at, Barn- Wells, 1656 ; Conftable, 1661 ; Lieut., 

ftable for various years, and was of the 1668; had a dau. Mary, vfho married 

Council of War; had Jofeph, Mary, Matthew Auftin. [Savage's Gen. Didi. 

Benjamin, Elizabeth, John, Samuel, iii : 100.] 

John, Barnabas, Hope, Thomds, and i*^ "Was he fon of William, of Dover, 

Hannah. [Savage's Gen. Dtdl. iii : 120; 1637-1658.'' {N. E. Hift. dc Gen. Reg. 

Freeman's Hift. Cape Cod., ii : 262, 271 ; viii : 130.] 
10 73 



[79] 

' Gentlemen in your parts, and hearing nothing but by 
' accident, and that in the latter end of the week by fome 

* of ours coming frovci Bq/lon, informed me that the Indians 

* were come in to your Town to feek for Peace; and that 

* there was to be a treaty fpeedily; ^''^ but the time they 
' knew not. I took my Horfe, and upon the Monday fet out 
^ for Bojlon^ expe6ting the treaty had been at your Town, 
' as rationally it fhould but on Tuefday Night coming to 
^ Bojlon, there met with Capt. EliJJta Andros,^^^ who in- 
' formed me that the Place of treaty was Sacaty-kock,^^^ and 
^ that Capt Alden was gone from Bojloii four days before I 
' came there, and had carryed all the Indian Prifoners 

* with him, and that all the Forces were drawn away out 
' of your parts, except 12 men in your Town, and 12 in 
'' Pifcataqtia^ which news did fo amufe me, to fee that wif- 

* dom was fo taken from the wife, and fuch imprudence in 

* their actions, as to be deluded by Indians ; and to have a 
^ treaty fo far from any EngliJIi Town, and to draw off the 

* Forces upon what pretence foever, to me looks very ill. 
'- My fear is that they Avill deliver thofe we have taken, 
' which if kept would have been greatly for your Security, 
' it keeping them in awe, and preventing them from doing 

* any hoftile a6tion or mifchief, I knowing that the EngliJJi 

* being a broad are very earneft to go home, and the In- 
' dians are very tedious in their difcourfes, and by that 

* will have an advantage to have their Captives at a very 

1*9 See Williamfon's Hift. Me. i : 626. i^i Sagadahoc, the fite of Popham's 

150 See note 128, ante. convia-colony, of 1607. 

74 



[79] 

* low rate to your great damage. Gentlemen, as to Rhode- 
' I/land, I have not concern'd my felf as to any relief for 
^ you, having nothing in wanting to fhow to them, yet upon 
^ difcourfe with fome Gentlemen there, they have fignified 

* a great forwardnefs to promote fuch a thing. I lying 

* under great refle6lions from fome of yours in the Eaft- 

* ward parts, that I was a very Covetous Perfon, and came 
' there to enrich my felf, and that I kill'd their Cattel and 
^ Barrel'd them up and fent them to Bojlon, and Sold them 

* for Plunder, and made Money to put into my own Pocket; 
' and the owners of them being poor People beg'd for the 

* Hides and Tallow, with tears in their eyes; and that I 

* was fo cruel as to deny them; which makes me judge 
' my felf uncapable to Serve you in that matter: yet I do 
' affure you that the People are very charitable at the If- 
' land, and forward in fuch good actions, and therefore advife 
' you to delire fome good fubftantial Perfon to take the man- 

* agement of it, and write to the Government there, which I 

* know will not be labour loft.^^^ As for what I am accufed 
' of, you all can witnefs to the contrary, and I fhould take it 

* very kindly from you to do me that juft right, as to vindi- 
' cate my Reputation ; for the wife man fays, A good Name 
' is as precious Oyntment. When I hear of the effe6l of the 



152 Williamfon fajs Church " mag- others, encouraging their expeftations 

nanimoufly collecSled a confiderablecon- of ftill further relief." \_HiJt. Me. i: 

tribution in Plymouth Colony, which he 626.] If his authority is this letter of 

tranfmitted to the Eaftern Provinces, Church, — and I know of no other on 

accompanied by an addrefs to Major which he could have relied, — he over- 

Froft, John Wheelwright, Efq., and ftates the fa(5ls. 

75 



[8o] 

* Treaty, and have an account [80] of this Contribution, I 
^ intend again to Write to you, being very defirous, & 

* Ihould think my felf very happy, to be favoured with a 

* few lines from your felves, or any Gentlemen in the Eafl- 
' ward parts. Thus leaving you to the protection & gui- 

* dance of the Great God of Heaven and Earth, who is able 

* to protect and fupply you in your great difficulties, and to 

* give you deliverance in His own due time. 

/ Remain, Gentlemen, 
Your moji ajjured Friend to Serve you to my titmoji power, 

Benjamin Church. 

Pojlfcript. 

' Efq; Wheelwright, Sir, I intreat you, after your perufal 

* of thefe lines, to communicate the fame to Capt. yohn 
' Littlefield, Lieut. Jofeph. Story, and to any other Gentle- 

* men, as in your judgment you fee fit: With the tenders of 

* my refpe6ls to you, &c. and to Maj. Vaughan^^^ and his 
'good Lady & Family. To Capt. Fryer^^'^ & good Mrs. 

* Fryer, with hearty thanks for their kindnefs whilfl in thofe 

* parts, and good Entertainment from them. My kind Re- 



153 JYiUiam Vatighan was born prob- gail, and Elizabeth. [Savage's Gen. 

ably in Wales ; lived in Portfmouth ; Did. iv : 368.] 

freeman, 1669; 1672 was Lieut, of cav- 1^4 Nathaniel Fryer was of Bofton, 

airy under Capt. Robert Pike; Coun- where he had, by wife Chriftian, James, 

fellor of Province of N. H. and Chief- Sarah, and Elizabeth; removed to Portf- 

Juftice of Sup. Court; died 1719. He mouth; married, as fecond wife, Doro- 

married 8 Dec, 1668, Margaret, dau. thy Woodbridge ; Deputy, 1666; Cap- 

of Richard Cutt; had Eleanor, Mary, tain and Counfellor, 1683; died 13 Aug., 

Cutt, George, Bridget, Margaret, Abi- 1705. \_Ibid. ii : 214.] 

76 



[8o] 

' fpefts to Maj. Frojl^^^ Capt. Walton,^'^^ Lieut. Honeywel^^'' 
'• and my very good friend little Lieut. P laijied '.^^^ with due 
* refpefts to all Gentlemen my friends in the Eaftward 
' parts, as if particularly named. Fareivell. B. C. 

Brijlol^ Novemb. 27. 1690. 
To Major Pike.^^® Honoured Sir, 
'' I ^Hefe co7ne to wait upon you, to bring the tenders of my 
-■- hearty Service to your Self & Lady, with due ac- 
knowledgment of thankfulnefs for all the kindnefs and 
favour I received from, you in the Eaflward parts, when 
with you. Since I came from thofe parts, I am informed 
by Capt. Andros, that your Self, and mofl of all the Forces 
are drawn off from the Eajlward parts', I admire at it, 
confidering that they had fo low Efleem of what was done, 
that they can apprehend the Eaflward parts fo fafe before 
the Enemy was brought into better Subjection. I was in 

155 Charles Froft, born in Tiverton, charge of the Blue Point, Black Point, 
Eng., 1632; came over with his father and Spurwink garrifons, in the winter 
Nicholas about 1637; Deputy, 1658-61 ; of 1689 \S^^ note 61, ante~\ ; earned the 
Counfellor, 1693; Captain and Major, yo«^r/f?<c/ of " the Indian killer " ; and 
commanding the Yorkftiire militia ; was was himfelf murdered by the favages, 
Judge of the Common Pleas when he with circumftances of great atrocity, 
was lliot by the Indians, 14 July, 1697, 6 Oft., 1703 [Savage fays 1703, South- 
cet.()^. [Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 210; gate's Hijl. Scarborough fays 1713]. 
Williamfon's Hiji. Ale. i: 674; N. E. He married Sarah, dau. of Nathaniel 
Hiji. ti Gen. Reg. iii : 249-262.] Adams (fee note ii^,afiie). [Savage's 

156 See note 97, ante. Gen. Did. ii : 499; Folfom's Hiji. Saco, 
15T Richard Huntiiwell was fon of p. 182 ; N. E, Hiji. <& Gen. Reg. iii : 25 ; 

Roger, who lived on Parker's neck. Me. HiJl. Coll. iii : 144-48.] 
near the entrance to the Pool, Saco ; 158 Sgg note 130, ante. 

was of Black Point, i68i ; Enfign, 1680; 159 See note 90, a7ite. 

Lieut., 1689; was put by Church in 

77 



[8i] 

hopes when I came from thence^ that thofe that zvere fo 
dejirous to have my room, would have been very brisk in 
my abfence to have got them/elves fome Honour, which they 
very mtich gapped after, or elfe they wottld not have fpread 
fo 7nany falfe reports to defame me. Which had I known 
before, I left the Bank, I would have had fatisfa^lion of 
them. Your Honour was pleafed to give m,e fome fmall 
account before I left the Bank, of fome things that were ill 
refented to you, concerning that Eaflwaj^d Expedition, which 
being rowled home like a Snoiv-ball thro' both Colonies, was 
got to fuch a bignefs that it over-fJiadow''d me from the 
hifluence of all comfort, or good acceptance amongfi my 
friends in my fourncy homeward. But thro' Gods good- 
nefs am come home finding all well, and my felf in good 
Health, hoping that thofe Reports will do m,e that favour, 
to quit me from all other Publick AHion : That fo I may 
the more peaceably & q2iietly wait upon God, and be a com- 
fort unto my own Family in this dark tijne of trouble, being 
as on that is ^^'^ hid, till His Indignation is over pafi : I 
fJiall take it as a great favour to hear of your Honours well- 
fare. Subfcribing my felf as I am., Sir, 
Your mofi affured Friend and Servant. 

Benjamin Church. [8i] 

Major Church did receive after this, Anfwers to his Let- 
ters, but hath loft them, except it be a Letter from feveral 
of the Gentlemen in thofe parts in fune following: which 
is as followeth. 

^^^ Southwick's edition omits " that is." 
78 



[8i] 

Portfmouth June 29 1691. 
Major Be7ij. Church. Sir, 

"^T Our former readinefs to expofe your felf in the Service 
-■- of the Country againfl the Common Enemy \ and par- 
ticularly the late Obligations^^^ you have laid upon tis in 
thefe Eafiern parts, leaves us under a deep & grateful fenfe 
of your favour therein'. Ajid for af much as you were p leafed 
wheji tail here, to fignifie your ready inclinatio7i to ftirther 
Service of this kind, if occafion fJiould call for it; We there- 
fore prefuine confidently to promife our felves complyance 
accordingly, and havefent this Meffenger on purpofe to you, 
to let you know that notwitJi/landiiig the late overture of 
Peace the Enemy have approved themfelves as perfidious as 
ever, and are almofi daily killing and defiroying upon all 
our Frontiers', The Governour & Council of the Maffachu- 
fetts have been p leafed to Order the Raifing of 1^0 Men to 
be forthwith difpatch^d into thefe parts', and as we under- 
fiand have Writ to yotir Governoitr & Cotificil of Plymouth 
for further Afjifiance, which zve pray you to promote, hoping 
if you can obtain about 200 Me7i Englifh & Indians, to vifit 
them at fome of their Head-quarters up Kenebeck River, 
or elfe-where, which (^for want of neceffaries^ was omitted 
left Year, it may be of great advantage to us : We offer 
nothing of advice as to what Methods are mofi proper to be 
taken in this affair, your acquaintance with our Circum- 

i*"! This perhaps refers to the contri- them, from the committee of which 
butions, which had before this reached Church was a member. 

79 



[8i] 

fiances as well as the Enemies^ will dire6l you therein^ We 
leave the ConduH; thereof to your own difcretion : But that 
the want of Provifion, &c. may be no Remora to your Mo- 
tion^ you may pleafe to know Mr. Geafford ^^~ One of our 

principal Inhabitaitts now refiding in Boflon, hath promifed 
to take care to fupply to the value of two or three hundred 
Pounds^ if occafion require'. We pray a few lines by the 
bearer to give tcs a profpeH of what we may expert for our 

further Encouragement^ and re^nain^ 

Sir, Your Obliged Friends and Servants, 

Will. Vaughan Charles Froft William Fernald '^^ 

Francis Hooke ^^"^ Nathanael Fryer Robert Elliott. ^" 
Richard Martyn ^^^ John Wincol ^^^ 

A True Copy of the Original Letter) which Letter was 
prefented to me by Capt. Hatch,^^^ who came Exprefs. 

162 I find no trace of this man, un- a bricklayer, admitted to inhabit at 
lefs he were William Gifford, who was Bofton 28 Feb., 1654. [Drake's Hiji. 



163 Francis Hooke was fon of Hum- Eng. ; lived at Kittery, Me. ; was Mag- 

phrey, Alderman of the city of Briftol, iftrate, 1666 ; Captain ; Treafurer of 

16* Richard Martin (^Martins) was at feer " of John Cutt's will, 6 May, 1680 ; 

Portfmouth, N.H. ; was made "over- had the firft place in "the front feat 

165 yohn Wincol ( Wincoln, Wincall, of Watertown ; freeman there 6 May, 
Winkell, Winkle) was fon of Thomas, 1646; feledtman, 1649, 56,61,62; Depu- 

166 William Fernald Mv&s&\dtitionoi fometimes wrote it, Renald), who was 
Reginald (or, as he himfelf, at least, the firft furgeon among the New-Hamp- 

^^'^ Robert Eliot {Eliott, Elliot, mouth, 1660; of Cafco, before 1670; of 

Elliott) feems to have been of Portf- Scarborough foon after, where he was 

168 philij) Hatch, who was freeman, 1652, York, Me., or one of his fons.? 
[Savage's Gen. Did. ii : 375.] 

80 



[8i] 

Maj. Church fent them his Anfwer: the Contents where- 
of was, That he had gone often enough for nothing; and 
efpecially to be ill treated with fcandals and falfe Reports, 
when lafl out, which he could not forget. And fignifyed 
to them. That doubtlefs fome amongfl them thought they 
could do without him, &c. And to make fhort of it, did 
go out, and meeting with the Enemy at Maquait, were 
molt fhamefully beaten: as I have been inform'd.^^^ 



Bojlon, i : 334.] There was time enough 
for him to grow to be a " principal in- 



Province of Maine under Pres. Dan- 
forth, i6So; of the Council, 16S4, and 
again, under the new charter, 1693 ; 
died lo Jan., 1695, " much lamented." 



before the minifter" in " feating the 
meeting-houfe " (he being chairman of 
the committee to do that work), 3 April, 
1693. Was he Richard, whofe fon 



ty, 1658 ; foon moved to Pifcataqua, and 
then to Kittery (at Neivicha-wannock, 
or So. Berwick) ; came thence Deputy 
to Bofton, 1675, 7, 8; during 1676-85 
was connected with the government as 
Councillor and otherwife ; fought the 



fhire fettlers. He refided at Kittery; 
and, in 1688, deeded to his lifter Sarah, 
then the wife of Richard Waterhoufe, 



Seledtman, 1682, and Deputy, 1685; 
Counfellor, 1688, when he lived at 
Portfmouth. He died in 1720, leaving 
his eftates in Scarborough to his fon-in- 



169 Cotton Mather makes the follow- 
ing ftatement in regard to this expedi- 
tion here referred to : — 



habitant" by 1690, as many another 
had done in lefs time. 



He married Mary (Maverick), widow 
of John Palfgrave, and dau. of Samuel 
Maverick, of Noddle's Ifland. [Savage's 
Gen. Did. ii : 457.] 



Richard, CofSn fays, was born 8 Jan., 
1674.'' [Brewfter's Rambles about Poj'tf- 
mouik, 36, 63 ; Coffin's Hiji. Netvbury, 
309-] 



Indians bravely at Saco, in 1675; had 
wife Elizabeth ; and died, by a fall from 
his horfe, 22 061., 1694. [Savage's Gen. 
Di<^. iv : 592 ; Bond's HiJi. Watertown, 
654 ; Williamfon's HiJi. Me. i : 349, 524, 
565, 566.] 



of Portfmouth, tanner, what is now 
Pierce's Ifland, and One Tree Ifland. 
[Brewfter's Rambles, i&c. 370.] 



law, Col. Geo. Vaughan. [Savage's 
Gen. Did. ii : ill ; Willis's HiJl. Port- 
land, 139 ; Brewfter's Rambles, &c. 25 ; 
Me. HiJl. Coll. iii : 210.] 



" About the latter end of July we fent 
out a fmall Army under the Command 
of Captain March, Captain King, Cap- 



Si 



[8z] 



[82] The Third Expedition, Eaft. 

'' I ^His was in the Year 1692. In the time of Sir Wil- 
-*- Ham P/iiph^''^ Gov tYnmtni'. Major IVa/ky^''^ being at 



tain Sherbiirn, and Captain Walteii 
{Convers lying Sick all Summer had 
this to make him jet more Sick that 
he could have no part in thele Adlions) 
who landing at Macquoit, marched up 
to Pechypfcot, but not finding any 
figns of the enemy, marched dovjn 
again. While the Commanders were 
waiting A/kore till the Soldiers were got 
aboard, fuch great Numbers oi Indians 
poured in upon them, that tho' the Cotyt- 
manders wanted not for Courage or 
Conduct, yet they found themfelves 
obliged, with much ado, (and not with- 
out the Death of worthy Captain Sher- 
bitrn) to retire into the Veffels which 
then lay aground. Here they kept pelt- 
ing at one another all Night; but unto 
little other purpofe than this, which was 
indeed Remarkable, That the Enemy 
was at this time going- to take the Ifle 
of Shoales, and no doubt had ihQv gone 
they would have taken it, but having 
exhaufted all their Ammunition on this 
Occafion, they defifled from what they 
defigned." {^Magnalia, Book VII : 77.] 
11" Sir William Phips {Phipps) was 
fon of James, gunfmith, from Briftol, 
Eng. ; was born at what is now Phipf- 
burg. Me.; became a fhip-carpenter ; 
married Mary, widow of John Hull (not 
the mint-mafter) ; with her money fet up 
alhipyard at Sheepfcot, and then in Bof- 
ton when " driven in " by Indian hoftili- 
ties ; thence went to fea, 1677 i ^t the 



Bahamas heard of the wreck of a Span- 
ifh treafure-laden galleon, and went to 
England and offered his fervices to the 
king to recover the gold ; his projedt 
was approved, and he went to the fpot 
with two frigates in 1683 ; failed for 
want of proper inftruments ; returned 
to England, and perfuaded Monk, Duke 
of Albemarle, to furnifh him for the 
work again ; went back, fifhed up £300,- 
000, of which £16,000 fell to him, and 
he was knighted by James II., 28 June, 
1687; Andros made him Sheriff of 
New England ; joined Second Church, 
8 March, 1690; May, 1690, conducted 
the attack on Nova Scotia ; was chofen 
Affiftant, projecfled the filly expedition, 
in the Auguft following, againfl: Que- 
bec; went to London, 1691, was ap- 
pointed Governor on Increafe Mather's 
recommendation ; arrived back 14 May, 
1692 ; fan6lioned the witchcraft delu- 
fion in 1693, flogged Colledlor William 
Brenton, and, 1694, caned Capt. Short 
of the Nonfuch Frigate, and, through 
the trouble thence arifing, was recalled 
to London, where he died 18 Feb., 1695, 
and was buried in St. Mary, Woolnoth, 
in Lombard St., where John Newton 
lies. [Savage's Gen. Didl. iii : 420; 
Palfrey's i7//?. N. E. iii: 590; Hutch- 
infon's Hijl. Mafs. ii : 76; Sparks's 
Amer. Biog. vii : 5-102 ; Mather's Mag- 
nalia, Book II: 15-75.] 
m See note 24, ante. 



83 



[82] 

Bq/ion, was requefted by his Excellency to treat with Maj. 
Church about going Eaft with him. Maj. Walley coming 
home, did as deiired; and to incourage the faid Maj 
Church, told him, That now was the time to have recom- 
pence for his former great Expences ; faying alfo. That the 
Country could not give him lefs than Two or three hun- 
dred Pounds. So upon his Excellency's requeft Maj 
Church went down to Bojlon, and waited upon him; who 
faid he was glad to fee him, &c. And after fome difcourfe 
told the faid Church, That he was going Eaft himfelf, and 
that he fhould be his Second, and in his abfence Command 
all the Forces: And being requefted by his Excellency to 
raife what Volunteers of his old Souldiers in the County 
of Bri/iol, both EiigliJJt & Vidians. Receiving his Com- 
miffion : which is as followeth. 

SIR William Phips Knight, Captain General and Gov- 

er7iour in Chief in and over their Majejly''?, Provi^ice 

of the MafTachufetts-Bay in New-England. 

To Benjamin Church Gent. Greeting. 

* T3 Epoling fpecial Truft and Confidence in your Loy- 
•*-^ ' alty, Courage and good Condu6t. I do by thefe 

'• prefents Conftitute & Appoint You to be Major of the 

* feveral Companies of Militia, detached for their Majefty's 

* Service againft their French and Indian Enemies. You 
' are therefore Authorized and Required in their Majeft3^'s 

* Names, to difcharge the duty of a Major, by Leading 

* Ordering and Exercifing the faid feveral Companies in 

83 



[83] 

^ Arms, both Inferiour Officers & Souldiers, keeping them 
' in good Order & Difcipline, Commanding them to Obey 
^ you as their Major: And diHgently to intend the faid 

* Service, for the profecuting, purfuing, kilHng and deftroy- 

* ing of the faid Common Enemy. And your felf to ob- 

* ferve and follow fuch Orders & Dire6lions as you fhall 
' from time to time Receive from my Self, according to 

* the Rules & Difcipline of War, purfuant to the Truft 
' repofed in you for their Majefty's Service. Given under 
' my Hand and Seal at Bq/ion, the Twenty-fifth day of 

* yuly 1692. In the Fourth Year of the Reign of our 
' Soveraign Lord & Lady William and Mary, by the 

* Grace of GOD King & Qiieen of England, Scotland, 

* France and Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &c. 

WILLIAM PHIPS, 

By his Excellency's Co7nma7id, 

Ifaac Addington, Seer. 

Returning home to the County aforefaid, he foon raifed 
a fufficient Number of Volunteers both EngliJJi & Lidians 
and Officers fuitable to Command them, March'd them 
down to Bojlon. But there was one thing I would [83] 
juft mention; which was. That Maj Church being fhort 
of Money, was forc'd to borrow Six Pounds in Mone}^ of 
Lieut. Woodman ^'^ in Little Compton, to diftribute by a 

l'?2 John Woodman, of Little Comp- oldeftfon, Thomas, married Woodman's 
ton, perhaps fon of John, a prominent fecond daughter, Edith. [/?.-/. Col. 
citizen of Newport; Church bought Rec.'\\\: 106,150,168,185,231; Parti, 
land of him, 30 061., 1702; and his of this work, pp. xxxiii. xliv.] 

84 



[83] 

Shilling, and a Bit '"^ at a time to the Indian Souldiers; 
who without fuch Allurements would not have March'd to 
Bojlon. This Money Major Church put into the hands of 
Mr. William Fobes^'"" who was going out their Commiffary 
in that Service, who was order'd to keep a juft accompt of 
what each Indian had that fo it might be fubdu6ted out 
of their wages at their return home. Coming to Bojlon, 
his Excellency having got things in a readinefs, the}^ Eni- 
bark'd on board their tranfports, his Excellency going in 
Perfon with them, being bound to Pemequid'.^^^ But in 
their way flop'd at Ca/co, and buried the bones of the dead 
People there/^^ and took off the great Guns that were there ; 
then went to Pemequid : ^^" Coming there his Excellency 
ask'd Maj. Church to go a-fhore & give his judgment 
about Ere6ling a Fort there ? He anfwer'd, That his Gen- 

173 ^^ Bid, a piece of filver in Barba- miles eaft oi Damarifcotta. There is a 

does current at feven pence half-pennj. large baj through which we pafs to en- 

\_Bailey-'\ The name was applied later, ter Peinaquid harbor or river. The 

efpeciallj at the South, to the nine- baj is full of iflands^ the greater part 

fence, or one-eighth of a dollar. [Bart- of which are fettled. The fort, called 

lett's Didionary of Americanifms, TyT,.^ Fort George, was on a point at the 

Mr. Drake fajs it wasy£v/e«ce. [^C/turch, mouth of the river, and on the eaft fide 

(ed. 1827,) 209.] of it. The i-emains of the fortrefs are 

1''* See note 242, Part I. there at this day (1795)." [Sullivan's 

175 <•'■ Pemaquid, like Acadia, appears Hiji. Dijl. Me. 35.] 

to have been of indefinite extent; but ""^ That is the bones of thofe — over 

under this general name there I'eems to 100 perfons — who had been deftroyed 

have been embraced, at a later date, there by the favages under the Sieur 

Monhegan, and its companion, the iflet Hertel, 17 May, 1690. [Holmes's An- 

of Monanis, the clufter of the Damar- nals, i : 431 ; Belknap's Hi/i. N. Hamp. 

ifcove iflands, and territory fomewhat i: 257-9; Hutchinfon's HiJl. Mafs. i: 

beyond the limits of the peninfula of 353-] 

Pemaquid ^roY>er." \^Me. HiJl. Coll. \ : ^''^ This was early in Auguft, 1692. 

181.] "The river of Pemaquid is ten \_Me. HiJl. Coll. v: 282.] 

85 



[83] 

ius did not incline that way, for he never had any value for 
them, being only Nefts for Deflru6tions : ^'^ His Excellency 
faid, He had a fpecial Order from their Majefties King 
William and Queen Mary to Ereft a Fort there, &€. 
Then they went a-fhore and fpent fome time in the pro- 
jection thereof ^"^ Then his Excellency told Maj. Church 
that he might take all the Forces with him, except one 
Company to flay with him and work about the Fort; the 
Major anfwered that if his Excellency pleas'd he might 
keep two Companies with him, and he would go with the 
reft to Penod/col, and Places Adjacent. Which his Ex- 
cellency did, and gave Maj. Church his Orders: which 
are as followeth. 



I'JS Recall Church's previoufly ex- 
preffed opinions in regard to the forts at 
Mount Hope and Pocajfet. [pp. 25, 47, 
Part I.] 

179 This fort was built of over 2000 
cartloads of ftone, in a quadrangular 
figure, 737 feet in circumference outfide 
the outer wall, and 108 feet fquare with- 
in the inner walls. The fouthern wall, 
fronting the fea, was 22 feet high, and 
more than 6 feet thick at the ports, 
which were 8 feet from the ground. 
The great flanker or round tower at 
the weft end of the fouthern wall was 
20 feet high ; the wall on the eaft line 
12 feet high; that on the north 10 feet, 
and on the weft 18. It had 28 ports, 



and 18 guns mounted, fix of which 
were eighteen-pounders. The ftru(5lure 
ftood back 20 rods from high-water 
mark, and was garrifoned by 60 and 
fometimes 100 men. {^Magnalia, Book 
VII: 81; Me. Hijl. Coll. v: 282.] 
This fort was not intended to operate 
againft Indians merely, but againft 
piratical rovers who infefted the fea, 
and againft the French, who intended 
repofleffion. That which Maj. Andros 
had built in 1677, and which the In- 
dians took in 1690, was a mere ftock- 
ade; "un Fort, qui n'etoit a la verite 
que de pieux, mais aflez regulierement 
conftruit." [Charlevoix, Nouv. Fratice, 
i : 557-] 



86 



[^4] 

By his Excellency Sir William Phips Knight, Captain 
General and Governour in Chief in and over their 
Majejlies Province of the Maffachufetts-Bay in New- 
England, &c. 3n6ttUClioX10 for Major Benjamin 
Church. 
^"1 11 T'Hereas you are Major and fo Chief Officer of a 
' ' ' body of Men detached out of the Militia appointed 
' for an Expedition againft the Fre^ich & Indian Enemy; 

* you are duely to obferve the following Inftru6lions. 

' Impri. You are to take care that the Worfhip of God 
' be duely & conftantly maintained and kept up amongft 
' you, and to fuffer no Swearing, Curling, or other pro- 

* phanation of the Holy Name of God; and as much as in 
' you lyes to deter and hinder all other Vice amongft your 
^ Souldiers. 

' 2ly. You are to proceed with the Souldiers under your 

* Command to Penobfcot, and with what privacy «& undif- 

* coverable Methods you can, there to Land your men, 

* and take the beft meafures to furprize the Enemy. 

' 3/j/- You are by killing, deftroying, and all other means 

* poflible to endeavour the deftru6tion of the Enemy in 
^ purfuance whereof, being fatisfyed of your Courage & 

* Conduct, I leave the fame to your difcretion. 

' /^ly. You are to indeavour the taking what Captives 

* you can either Men, Women or Children, and the fame 
' fafely to keep and convey them unto, me. [84] 

' ^ly. Since it is not poffible to judge how affairs may 

* be circumftanced with you there, I fhall therefore not 

87 



[84] 

' limit your return, but leave it to your Prudence, only 
' that you make no longer Itay than you can improve for 

* advantage againft the Enemy, or may reafonably hope 

* for the fame. 

' 6ly. You are alfo to take care and be very induftruous 
' by all poffible means to find out and deftroy all the Ene- 
'■ mies Corn, and other Provifions in all Places where you 
' can come at the fame. 

^ ^ly. You are at your return from Penobfcot and thofe 
^ Eaftern Parts, to make all difpatch hence for Kenebeck 
' River, and the Places Adjacent, and there profecute all 
' advantages againft the Enemy as aforefaid. 

* 8/k. If any Souldier, Officer or other fhall be difobe- 
' dient to you as their Commander in Chief, or other their 
' Superiour Officer, or make or caufe any Mutiny, commit 
' other offence or diforders, you fhall call a Council of 
' War amongft your Officers, and having tr3^ed him or 
' them fo offending, infli6l fuch punifhment as the merit 
' of the offence requires, Death only excepted, w^hich if 
' any fhall deferve, you are to fecure the perfon, and fig- 
' nify the Crime unto me by the firft opportunity. 

Given under my hand this nth day ^ Auguft, 1692. 

WILLIAM PHIPS. 

Then the Major and his Forces embark'd and made the 
beft of their way to Penob/cot] and coming to an Ifland in 
thofe Parts ^^° in the evening, landed his Forces at one end 

180 Seven Hundred Acre IJlavd. [Williamfon's Hiji. Me. i : 71, 636.] 

88 



[84] 

of the faid Ifland: Then the Major took part of his Forces 
and mov'd toward Day to the other end of the faid Ifland, 
where they found two French Men, and their Families in 
their houfes; and that one or both of them had Indian 
Women to their Wives, and had Children by them. The 
Major prefently examining the French men, Where the 
Indians were ? They told him, That there was a great 
company of them upon an Ifland juft by:^^^ and fhowing 
him the Ifland, prefently difcover'd feveral of them. Maj. 
Church and his Forces ftill keeping undifcover'd to them, 
ask'd the French men where their paffing Place was.^* 
Which they readily fhew'd him; fo prefently placed an 
Ambafcade to take any that fhould come over. Then 
fent orders for all the reft of the Forces to come; fending 
them an account what he had feen & met withal; ftrickly 
charging them to keep themfelves undifcovered by the 
Enemy. The Ambafcade did not lye long before an In- 
dian Man and a Woman came over in a Canoo to the 
Place for landing, where the Ambafcade was laid: who 
haul'd up their Canoo, and came right into the hands of 
our Ambafcade, who fo fuddenly furprized them that they 
could not give any notice to the others from whence they 
came; the Major ordering that none of his fhould offer to 
meddle with the Canoo, left they fhould be difcovered, 
hoping to take the moft of them if his Forces came as 
order'd, he expe6ling them to come as directed. But the 
firft news he had of them was. That they were all coming, 

181 Long inand. ^Ibid. 636.] 
12 89 



[85] 

tho' not privately [85] as ordered; but in the Veffels fair 
in fight of the Enemy, which foon put them all to flight; 
and our Forces not having Boats fuitable to purfue them, 
they got all away in their Canoo's, &€. (which caufed 
Maj Church to fay. He would never go out again without 
fufficient number of Whale-boats) which for want of, was 
the ruine of that a6lion. Then Maj. Chtirch according to 
his inftru6lions rang'd all thofe parts, to find all their Corn, 
and carried aboard their Veflels what he thought con- 
venient, and deftroy'd the reft. Alfo finding confiderable 
quantities of Plunder, viz Bever & Moofe skins, &c. 
Having done what Service they could in thofe parts,^^^ he 
returned back to his Excellency at Pemequid\ ^^^ where 
being come, ftaid not long: they being fhort of Bread, his 
Excellency intended home for Bojlon, for more Provifions; 
but before, going with Maj. Church & his Forces to Kene- 
beck River, and coming there, gave him his further Or- 
ders; which are as followeth. 

By his Excellency the Governour. 

To Major Benjamin Church. 

<- A T'Ou having already received former Inftru6lions, are 

J^ ' now further to proceed with the Souldiers under 

' your Command for Kenebeck River, and the Places Adja- 

182 Mather fajs he "took five Indians" 183 His inftrudlions were to "make 

here ; Hutchinfon fays " three or four." all defpatch" thence "for Kenebeck 
It is certain that he took but few. River"; but in doing fo he muft natu- 
{Magnalia, Book VII : 8i ; Hutchin- rally touch at Pemaquid, which lay be- 
fon's Hijl. Mafs. ii : 69.] tween. 

90 



[85] 

* cent, and ufe your utmoft indeavours to kill, deftroy and 
^ take Captive the French & Indian Enemy wherelbever 
' you fhall find any of them; and at your return to Peme- 
' qtiid (which you are to do as foon as you can conveni- 
' ently; after your beft indeavour done againft the Enemy, 
' and having deftroyed their Corn and other Provifions) 
' you are to ftay v^ith all 5'our Souldiers and Officers, and 

* fet them to v^ork on the Fort, and make what difpatch 
'■ you can in that bufinefs, flaying there until my further 
' order. WILLIAM PHIPS. 



184 



Then his Excellency taking leave went for Bofton\ 
and foon after Maj. Church and his Forces had a fmart 
fight with the Enemy in Kenebeck-'Kxw^r^ Purfued them fo 
hard that they left their Canoo's & ran up into the woods, 
ftill purfued them up to their Fort at Taconock,^^^ which 

184 The witch trials were in progrefs lieved had fome influence in opening 

in Bofton during his abfence, and it is the Governor's eyes, and ftaying the 

not unlikely that it was while he was delufion with its plague of blood, is not 

gone on this bufinefs that the incident obvious. [Hutchinfon's H(/i. Mafs. ii : 

occurred, which Hutchinfon mentions, 6i ; Drake's Witchcraft DeJuJton, &c. 

on the authority of a MS. letter; that iii : 159; Douglafs's Sutnmary, i: 450.] 

Mrs. Phips, being applied to for inter- 1^5 rerowwc/ falls are on the A'e««c3ec, 

pofition in the cafe of a lady accufed oppofite the village of Waterville. On 

of witchcraft, took the refponfibility of the point of land above the confluence 

figning a difcharge for her, upon which of the Sebajiicook with the Kentiebec, 

document the jailor took the refponfi- and below thefe falls, fl:ood the old 

bility of fetting the accufed free, — to Teconnet fort of the Indians, here re- 

his own harm, it was faid. Whether ferred to, and, in 1754, Fort Halifax of 

this had any thing to do with that the Englilb. The fite of the fort itfelf is 

accufation of the Governor's lady her- in Winflow, and the block-houfe was 

felf as a witch, which Calef afferts and lately ftanding. [Williamfon's Hiji. 

Douglafs hints, and which it was be- Me. i: 50; Minot's Htji. Mafs. i: 186.] 

9» 



[86] 

the Enem}^ perceiving fet fire to their Houfes in the Fort, 
and ran away by the Hght of them, and when Maj. Church 
came to the faid Fort found about half their Houfes {land- 
ing and the reft burnt; alfo found great quantities of Corn, 
put up into Indian Cribs, which he and his Forces de- 
ftroyed, as ordered. Having done what Service he could 
in thofe parts return'd to Pemequid, and coming there 
imploy'd his Forces according to his Inftru6tions: ^^^ being 
out of Bread, his Excellency not coming, Maj. Church 
was oblig'd to borrow Bread of the Captain of the Man of 
War that was then there, for all the Forces under his 
Command, his Excellency not coming as expected. But 
at length his Excellency came and brought very little 
Bread more than would pay what was borrowed of the 
Man of War: So that in a fhort time after Maj. Church 
with his Forces return'd home to Bojlon^ and had their 
Wages for their good Service done. Only one thing 
by the way I will but juft mention, that is, about the Six 
Pounds Maj. Church borrowed as afore-mention'd, and 
put in-[86]to the hands of Mr. Fobes, who diftributed the 
faid Money, all but 30 s. to the Indian Souldiers as di- 
re6led, which was dedu6ted out of their Wages, and the 
Countr}^ had Credit for the fame; and the faid Fobes kept 
the 30 s to himfelf, which was dedu6ted out of his Wages. 
Whereupon Maj Walley and the faid Fobes had fome 
words. In fliort, Maj. Church was forc'd to pay the Six 
Pounds he borrowed out of his own Pocket, befides which 

IS*" In the hateful bufinefs of fort-building. 
- 92 



[86] 

the faid Church was oblig'd to expend about Six Pounds 
of his own Money in Marching down the Forces both 
EnglifJi and Indians to Bojlon, having no drink allow'd 
them upon the Road, &c. So that in flead of Maj 
ChurcJi^s having the allowances afore-mentioned by Maj. 
Walley, he was out of Pocket about Twelve Pounds more 
and above what he had;^^^ all which had not been, had 
not his Excellency been gone out of the Country.^®^ 

The Fourth Expedition, Eaft. 

IN 1696. Maj ChiLvch being at Bojlon, and belonging to 
the Houfe of Reprefentatives,^^^ feveral Gentlemen 
requefting him to go Eaft again, and the General Court 
having made A6ts of Incouragement, &c. He told them, 
if they would provide Whale Boats, & other neceffaries 
convenient, he would: Being alfo requefted -by the faid 
General Court, he proceeded to raife Volunteers, and 
made it his whole bufmefs Riding both Eaft and Weft in 
our Province ^^° and Co7inefIicii-t, at great charge and ex- 
pences; and in about a Months time raifed a fufficient 

187 Walley told him in the outfet (p. ^^^ I have found no trace of his ap- 

83), that " the country could not give pointment as Deputy this year, on the 

him lefs than two or three hundred Briftol Town Records. This would 

pounds " ; fo that, at the lowed calcula- feem, from various confiderations, to 

tion, Church made a lofs of £188 upon have been just about as he was remov- 

his expedlations " aforementioned." ing to Fall River. [See Part I. xxxi.] 

l**8 He means that Gov. Phips's ab- l^" Plymouth and MafTachufetts Colo- 
fence when this fettlement took place nies had been confolidated into the new 
was the caufe of the wrong which he "Province of MafTachufetts Bay" by 
fuflfered. the new Charter of 1692. 

93 



[86] 

number out of thofe Parts, and March'd them down to 
BoJion\ where he had the promife that ever}^ thing fhould 
be ready in three Weeks or a Months time, but was 
oblig'd to ftay confiderable longer. Being now at Bojlon 
he received his Commiffion and Inftru6tionsj which are as 
followeth. 

William Stoughton, E/q',^^^ Lieutenant Governour and 
Commander in Chief in and over His Majejiies Pro- 
vince of the Maffachufetts-Bay in New-England. To 
Major Benjamin Church, Greeting. 

WHereas there are feveral Companies raifed, co7tffling 
of EngliJJt-Men & Indians for His Majejiies Service, 
to go forth upon the E7tcouragement given by the Great and 
General Court or AJfembly of this His Majejiies Province, 
convened at Bofton the 2'jth Day of May 1696. to profecute 
the French and Indian Enemy, &c. And you having offered 
your f elf to take the command and condu^ of the faid feveral 
Companies. By vertue therefore of the Power and Azitho- 
rity in and by His Majejiies Royal Com^nifjion to me 

191 William Stoughtoti, {on oi\{vSi&\, Charter; and became Chief-Juftice ; 

of Dorchefter, graduated at Harvard, died 7 July, 1701. The recall of Sir 

and then at Oxford, Eng. ; became a William Phips left him in chief com- 

preacher; is named by Calamy among mand until Bellamont's arrival in 1699. 

thofe ejedled ; came back, and preached He was on the witch bench, and, unlike 

the election fermon of 1668 ; became Sewall, never expreffed penitence for 

Seledlman, Affiftant, Commiffioner of the part he took. He built Stoughton 

the United Colonies ; went to England Hall at Harvard. [Savage's Gen. Did. 

in 1677 with Bulkley as agent of the iv : 215; Palmer's iVbwcow. il/ew. i : 197; 

colonies; was one of Andros's Council; Quincy's Hijl. Har. Un. i: 178, 9; 

was chofen Lieut. Gov. under the new Eliot's Biog. Didl. 444-] 

94 



[87] 

Granted^ repojing fpecial trujl and confidence in your Loy- 
alty, Prudence, courage aitd good condnfl. I do by thefe 
Prefents Confiitute and Appoint you to be Major of the /aid 
feveral Companies, both Ejiglifii-Men and Indians, raifed 
for His Majefiies Service tipon the Encottragemerit afore- 
faid. Vote are therefore carefully and diligently to perform 
the duty of your place, by Leading, Ordering, and Exercifing 
the faid feveral Companies in Arms, both Inferiour Officers 
and Soul-\^^~\die7's, keeping them iji good Order and Dif- 
cipline, commanding them to obey you as their Major. And 
your f elf diligently to intend His Majefiies Service for the 
profecuting, purfuing, taking, killing or defiroying the faid 
Enemy by Sea or Land', A^id to obferve all fuch Orders 
and Infiru5lions as yozc fitall from time to time receive from 
my Self or Commander in chief for the time being, accord- 
ing to the Rules and Difcipline of War, pujfiiant to the 
trufi repofed in you. Given under my Hand & Seal at 
Arms at Bofhon, the Third Day of Auguft, 1696. In the 
Eighth Year of the Reigii of Our Soveraign Lord William 
the Third by the Grace of God of England, Scotland, 
France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c. 

Wm. STOUGHTON. 
By Command of the Lieut. Governour, &c. 
Ifaac Addington, Seer. 
Province of the Maffachufetts-Bay. 



95 



[87] 

By the Rt. Honourable the Lieutenant Governour and 
Commander in Chief. 

jJnSttUCttOnS for MaJ. Benjamin Church, Commander 
of the Forces raifed for His Majeflies Service againfl 
the French and Indian Enemy and Rebels. 

'Y^Urfuant to the Commifjion given you, you are to Em- 

-*■ bark the Foj^ces now furnifJied and equipped for His 

Majeflies Service on the prefent Expedition to the Eaflern 

parts of this Province, ajtd with them, and fuch others as 

fliall offer themfelves to go forth on the faid Service to Sail 

unto Pifcataqua, to joyn thofe lately difpatched thither for 

the fame Expeditiojt, to await your coining. And with all 

care and diligence to improve the Veffels, Boats and Men 

tinder your command in fearch for, profecution and purfuit 

of the faid Enemy , at fuch places where you may be informed 

of their abode or refort, or where you may probably expefl to 

fnd or meet with them, and take all advantages againfl them 

which Providence ffia II favour you with. 

You are not to lift or accept any Souldiers that are already 
in His Majeffies pay and pofled at any Town or Garrifo?z 
wit/mt this Province, without fpecial Order from, my f elf 

You are to reqidre and give flriH: Orders that the duties 
of Religion be attended on board the feveral Veffels, and in 
the fever al companies under your command, by daily Prayers 
unto God and reading His Holy Word, and Obfervance of 
the Lords Day to the utmofl you can. 

You are to fee that your Souldiers have their due allow- 

96 



[88] 

ance of Provijions and other necejjaries, & that the Sick or 
Wounded be accommodated in the beji manner your circum- 
Jlances will admit. And that good order and command be 
kept up & maintained in the feveral companies^ and all dif- 
orders^ djmnkennejl^ pi^ophane curfing^i /wearing^ difobedience 
to Officers^ mutinies., omijjions or neglefi of duty, be duly 
p2ini//ted according to the Laws Martial. And you are to 
requii^e the Captain or chief Officer of each company with 
the Clerk of the fame, to keep an exaSl Journal of all their 
proceedings fro7n time to tim,e. 

In cafe any of the hidian Enemy and Rebels offer to fib- 
mit themfelves, you are to receive thein only at difcretion. 
But if you think fit to improve any of them or any others 
which you may happen to take Prif oners, you may encourage 
them to be faithful by the promife of their lives, which fiiall 
be granted tipon approbation of their fidelity. [88] 

You are carefully to look after the Indians which you 
have out of the Prifon^'^~ fa that they may not have oppor- 
tunity to efcape, but otherwife improve them to what advan- 
tage you can, and return them, back again to this place. 

You are to advife as you can have occafion with Capt. 
John Gorham ^^^ who accompanies you in this Expedition, 
and is to take your command in cafe of yotir Death. A 

^^2 In purfuance of the policy bj fimilar refource. [Drake's Htjl. Bojl. i : 

which, in the time of Philip's war, Cor- 402; Part I. note 56.] 

nelius the Dutch pirate, and others, had 1^3 <yohn Gorham {Gorutn, Goram, 

been taken out of Bofton jail, and Gorrum, Goarani) was fon of Capt. 

" allowed " to march againft the Indi- John, of Barnftable; wasborn at Marfli- 

ans, the Province feems now to have field, 20 Feb., 165^; was a tanner, like 

fwelled the ranks of its volunteers by a his father ; was with his father in 

J3 97 



[88] 

copy of tJiefe Injlrtiflions yon are to leave with /mn, and to 
give me aii account from time to time of your proceedings. 
Bolton, Auguft \2th. 1696. Wm, STOUGHTON. 



In the time Maj. Church lay at Boflon^ the News came 
of Pemequid Fort being taken, ^^'^ it came by a Shallop ^^^ 
that brought fome Prifoners to Boflon, who gave account 
alfo that there was a French Ship at Blount- Defart,^^'^ who 



Philip's war; 5 June, 1690, was made 
captain in the Canada Expedition, and 
was afterwards Lieut. Col. ; later was 
much employed as a convejancer ; died 
9 Dec, 1716, and lies buried at the N.E. 
corner of the Unitarian meeting-houfe 
in Barnftable. He married, 24 Feb., 
167^, Mercy, daughter of John Otis ; 
had John, Temperance, Mary, Steplien, 
Shubael, John, Thankful, Job, Mercy; 
left a real eftate of £2000, and perfonal 
of £322. [Otis's Hijl. Barnjlable, i : 
217-222.] 

19* The French conceived that Fort 
William Henry, at Pemaquid, had im- 
portance in controlling the weftern 
portion of Acadia, and determined to 
reduce it. Iberville was fent from Qiie- 
bec with two fhips of war, with arrange- 
ments to co-operate with Villebon and 
50 Mickmacks, and Caftine with 200 of 
his favages ; on the way, met and cap- 
tured one of an Englilh fleet, and then 
inverted and attacked Pemaquid. The 
fort was at the time in command of Capt. 
Pafcoe Chubb (of Andover), who had 
fhown his incompetence by treachery 
toward fome Indian envoys in the pre- 
vious February ; and was bafely furren- 
dered without any determined effort at 



defence, — though Charlevoix fuggefts, 
through the cowardice of the garrifon 
compelling the captain againft his 
will, — 15 Jul}', 1696. The fort was 
moftly demolilhed, after a hiftory of 
four vears fully juftifying Church's fcru- 
ples in the beginning. Chubb was 
cafhiered, and was not forgotten by the 
Indians, who fucceeded in murdering 
him and his wife Hannah (Faulkner) 
at Andover, 5 March, 1698. [William- 
fon's Hiji. Mc. i: 642-4; Hutchinfon's 
HiJl. isiafs. ii: 88; Charlevoix's HiJi. 
Nonv. France, iii : 260-2 : Abbott's HiJi. 
Andover, 43.] 

195 Hutchinlbn fays it was " a French 
fliallop belonging to St. John's, with 23 
foldiers under Villeau, their captain." 
[////?. Ma/s. ii: 91.] 

19*> Mount Dcfert Ifland lies juft eaft 
of the debouchure of Union river, — 
fay 25 miles eaft of the centre of Penob- 
fcot Bay, and is the largefl: ifland in the 
State, being 15 miles long by about 7 
in mean width, and containing fome 
60,000 acres. A third part of this flioots 
up into 13 high and rugged peaks, vill- 
ble 20 leagues at fea, and giving to it 
its French name, Alonts Deferts (the 
defolate mountains — not, as Mr. Drake 



98 



[88] 



had taken a Ship of ours; '^^ fo the difcourfe was that they 
would fend the Man of War,^^^ with other Forces to take 
the faid French Ship and retake ours. But in the mean 
time Maj. Church and his Forces being read}^, imbark'd, 
and on the 15th day of Augiijl fet Sail for Pifcataqua, 
where more Men were to joyn them (but before they left 
Bojlon^ Maj Chu7^ch difcours'd with the Captain of the 
Man of War, who promifed him, if he went to Mount- 
Defart in purfuit of the faid French Ship, that he would 
call for him and his Forces at Pifcataqua^ expecting that 
the Fre7ich & hidians might not be far from the faid 
French Ship, fo that he might have an opportunity to fight 
them while he was ingag'd with the French Ship:) Soon 
after the Forces arrived at Pifcataqua the Major fent his 
Indian Souldiers to Col. Gidney ^^^ at York^^^ to be affift- 



fuggefts, named by Champlain in honor 
cf De Mo fits). 

197 Xhe " fhip of ours " was the New- 
port, Capt. Paxton, which was cruifing 
off the Bay of Fundy (to intercept 
French ftores fuppofed to be on their 
way from Quebec to Villebon) with the 
Sorlings, Capt. Fames, and tlie Prov- 
ince tender. The two latter efcaped in 
a fog. Iberville refitted the Newport, 
and took her with him to help reduce 
Pemaquid. 

19^ The Sorlings. 

199 Bartholomew Gedney (^Gidney) 
was fon of John, of Salem ; was bap- 
tized 14 June, 1640; became a pradtif- 
jng phyfician ; freeman, 1669; 16S0-83, 
Affiftant and Counfellor; joined Brad- 
ftreet and others when they affumed 



the government on Andros's overthrow ; 
was named as Counfellor in the new 
charter; 1690, commanded in the French 
and Indian Expedition; 3 061., 1692, 
was made Judge of Probate for Effex 
County ; fame year was made Judge of 
Court of Com. Pleas for the fame Coun- 
ty. He was conftantly engaged in civil 
and military life until his death, 28 
Feb., 169I. He married Hannah Clark, 
and had Jonathan, Bartholomew, Han- 
nah, Lydia, Bethia, Deborah, Samuel, 
Deborah and Martha (twins), Prifcilla, 
and Ann. He was one of the feven 
"witch" judges. [Savage's Gen. Di6l. 
ii : 240; Wafhburn's judicial Hiji. 
Mafs. 141, 147.] 

200 " 16 Aug., 1696, Col. Gedney 
marches with 460 of his regiment for 



99 



[88] 

ing for the defence of thofe Places; who gave them a 
good Commend for their ready & wilHng Services done, in 
Scouting, and the like Lying at Pifcataqtia with the reft 
of our Forces near a Week, waiting for more Forces who 
was to joyn them to make up their complement; ^"^ in all 
which time heard never a word of the Man of War. On 
the 22d oi Augujl they all imbark'd from Pifcataqua^ and 
when they came againft York, the Major went a fhore, 
fending Capt. Gorhain with fome Forces in the two Brig- 
anteens and a Sloop to Winter Harbottr, ordering him to 
fend out Scouts to fee if they could make any difcovery of 
the Enemy, and to wait there till he came to them: Maj. 
Church coming to York, Col. Gidney told him his opinion 
was. That the Enemy was drawn oif from thofe parts, for 
that the Scouts could not difcover any of them, nor their 
Tracks. So having done his bulinefs there, went with 
what Forces he had there to Winter Harbotir, where he 
had the fame account from Capt. Gorhain, That they had 
not difcovered any of the Enemy, nor any new Tracks: 
So concluding they were gone from thofe Parts towards 
Penobfcot\ the Major ordered all the Veffels to come to 
Sail and make the beft of their way to Monhegiii^^^ which 
being not far from Penobfcot^^^ where the main body of 

Kittery. He is accompanied by a troop George's Iflands, 5 leagues E. S. E. of 

under Capt. John Turner." [Felt's An- Townfend, and 3 leagues W. oi Methiic, 

nals of Salem, 11:509.] on the coaft of Maine; and contains 

201 The " complement" was 500 men. more than 1000 acres of good land, 

[Hutchinfon's H(/i. Ma/s. ii : 91.] with a bold fhore. [Williamfon's Hi/l. 

2"^ Monhegan (^Monchiggon, Monhig- Me. i : 61.] 

goHi Moratiigoti) lies 9 miles S. of ^"^ Jt Js perhaps 14 miles S. E. from 



[89] 

our Enemies living was; being in great hopes to come up 
with the Army o{ French & Indians, before they had fcat- 
tered and were gone paft Penobfcot or Mount-Z^^r/, 
which is the chief place of their [89] departure from each 
other after fuch actions; and having a fair wind made the 
beft of our way, and early next Morning they got into 
Monhegin^ and there lay all day fitting their Boats, and 
other neccffaries to imbark in the Night at Mujfel neck'^^'' 
with their Boats; lying there all Day to keep undifcovered 
from the Enemy; at Night the Major ordered the Veffels 
all to come to Sail and carry the Forces over the Bay 
near Penobfcot\ but having little Wind,^"'' he ordered all 
the Souldiers to imbark on board the Boats with eight 
days Provifion, and fent the Veffels back to Monhegin, that 
they might not be difcovered by the Enemy; giving them 
orders when and where they fhould come to him. The 
Forces being all ready in their Boats, rowing very hard, 
got a-fhore at a Point near Penobfcot^^^ juft as the day 
broke, and hid their Boats, and keeping a good look-out 
by Sea, and fent Scouts out by Land; but could not dif- 
cover neither Canoo's nor Indians; what Tracks and fire 
places they faw were judg'd to be 7 or 8 days before they 

Pemaguid, and 25 miles S. W. of the - thefhips; and fo, finding that the wind 

entrance of Penobfcot baj'. was too light to make progrels by fails, 

20* I am not clear whether the refer- he put his men into the boats, and fent 

ence here is to a point of that name on the ftiips back. 

Monhegan, or to the Miifcle Ridges, '■^"^ At OwVs Head, in the N. E. cor- 

which is a clufter of about a dozen ner of Thomafton. [Sewall's Anc. 

ifl^nds, not far off. Dom. of Me. 215; Eaton's Hiji. T/iom- 

20^ The boats, of courfe, were with ajlon, Rockland, and So. Thorn, i : 29.] 



[89] 

came: As foon as Night came that they might go undif- 
covered got into their Boats and went by MuJJel-neck, and 
fo amongft Pcnobfcot Iflands,^"^ looking very fharp as they 
went for fires on the fhore, and for Canoo's, but found 
neither; getting up to Mathebejliicks hills,^"® day coming 
on, landed, and hid their Boats; looking out for the Ene- 
my, as the day before, but to little purpofe. Night coming 
on, to their Oars again, working very hard, turn'd the 
Night into Day; made feveral of their new Souldiers 
grumble: but telling them they hoped to come up quickly 
with the Enemy put new life into them; and by day-light 
they got into the Mouth of the River, where landing, 
found many Randezvous and fire Places where the Indians 
had been; but at the fame fpace of time, as before men- 
tioned. And no Canoo's paiTed up the River that day. 
Their Pilot Jofeph York^'''^ inform'd the Major that 50 or 
60 Miles up that River at the great Falls, the Enemy had 
a great Randezvous,~'° and planted a great quantity of 

207 A large clufter of iflands lie off in '^O^ Williamfon \_HiJi. Me. i : 645] 
the mouth of Penobfcot bay. Among calls this pilot Joku York, but gives no 
them are Long, Seven Hundred Acre, authority for differing from Church. A 
Billy Job's, Marfhall's, LafTell's, Mark, family of Yorks was among the earli- 
Saddle, Lime, Enfign, two Moufe, eft fettlers of thefe regions, who were 
Spruce, and Fox iflands, with fome probably defcendants of Richard, who 
unnamed. lived in Dover, N.H., 1648. John York 

208 Thefe are Camden heights — as was one of the truftees of No. Yar- 
the crow flies, about 10 miles N. W. mouth, 1685 ; and yames, Thomas, and 
from Owl's Head, in the town of Cam- Samuel purchafed land of the Indians, 
den. They are five or fix in number, in July, 1670, on the eaft fide of the An- 
the higheft being fome 1500 feet above drofcoggin. [Willis's Hi/i. Portland, 
the fea level. They can be feen 20 302 ; Sullivan's Hiji. Me. 146.] 
leagues at fea. [See Williamfon's HiJi. 210 Suppofed to be the prefent Old- 
Me. i : 95.] town, 12 miles above Bangor. 



[9o] 



Corn, when he was a Prifoner with them, four Years a 
goe, and that he was very well acquainted there; this 
gave great incouragement to have had fome confiderable 
advantage of the Enemy at that Place; fo ufing their ut- 
rnofl endeavours to get up there undifcovered: and coming 
there found no Enemy nor Corn Planted, they having de- 
ferted the Place. And ranging about the Falls on both 
fides of the River, leaving Men on the Eaft fide of the faid 
River, and the Boats juft below the Falls,^'^ with a good 
guard to fecure them, and to take the Enemy if they came 
down the River in their Canoo's: The weft fide being the 
Place where the Enemy lived and beft to travel on, they 
refolved to range as privately as they could, a Mile or two 
above the Falls, difcovered a birch Canoo coming down 
with two Indians in it, the Major fent word immediately 
back to thofe at the Falls to lye very clofe, and let them 
pafs down the Falls, and to take them alive, that he might 
have Intelligence where the Enemy was (which would 
have been a great advantage to them:) but a foolifti [90] 
Souldier feeing them palling by him, fliot at them, con- 
trary to orders given, which prevented them going into 
the Ambafcado that was laid for them; whereupon feveral 
more of our Men being near, fhot at them; fo that one of 
them could not ftand when he got a-fliore, but crept away 
into the brufli, the other ftep'd out of the Canoo with his 
Paddle in his hand, and ran about a rod, and then threw 

211 Williamfon fays they left their boats at the " Bend," in what is now Edding- 
ton. {,HiJl. Me. i : 645.] 

103 



[9o] 

down his Paddle and turn'd back & took up his Gun, and 
fo efcaped: One of our Indians fwom over the River and 
fetch'd the Canoo, wherein was a confiderable quantity of 
bloud on the Seats, that the Indians fat on; the Canoo 
having feveral holes fhot in her: They ftopt the holes, and 
then Capt. Brackit^^'^ with an Indian Souldier went over 
the River, who Track'd them by the bloud about half a 
Mile, found his Gun, took it up, and feeing the bloud no 
further, concluded that he ftopt his bloud, and fo got away. 
In the mean time another Canoo with three Men were 
coming down the River were fired at by fome of our 
Forces, ran a-fliore and left two of their Guns in the Ca- 
noo, which were taken, and alio a Letter from a Prieft to 
Cajieen^^"^ that gave him an account of the French and 
Indians returning over the Lake ^^^ to Mount-Royal,^^^ and 
of their little Service done upon the Maquas Indians weft- 
ward, only demolifhing one Fort and cutting down fome 
Corn, &c?^^ He deliring to hear of the proceedings of 

'^12 See note 120. ante. le nom de Motitreal donne a I'ile ou 

213 See note 34, 072 fe. cette petite montagne eft affile." [_Hty- 

''!< The Oneida or Onondaga lake. toire de la Col. Frani^aife en Canada, 

[i Nexv York Hiji. Coll. iv : 121.] i: 24.] 

215 Montreal. "lis admirtrent la 216 -phe Maquas {Mingos) were the 

beaute des alentours, comme auffi le Five Nations of the Englifh, and the 

cours majeftueux & la largeur du grand Iroquois of the French. The expedi- 

fleuve, qu'ils fuivaient des veux au- tion to which reference is here made was 

tant que leur vue pouvait f'etendre ; that of i^row/cw^c, who added to all his 

enfin I'imp tuofit du faut oli leurs own French regulars as many Indians 

barques etaient reftees ; ce qui fut caufe as he could colledl, and left Lachine, 

que Cartier, charme des' points de vue 7 July, 1696, with light batteaux for 

qu'il de'couvrait de la, nomma cette river portage, &c., with a powerful force 

montagne le Mont-Royal, d'ou eft venu to attack the Five Nations. After 12 days' 

104 



[9o] 



Deborahuel^^"' and the French Man of War; and informed 
him that there were feveral Canoo's coming with work- 
men from Qiiabcck, to Saint yok7i's,~^^ where fince we con- 
cluded it was to build a Fort at the Rivers Mouth, where 
the great Guns were taken, &c. It being juft Night, the 
Officers were call'd together to advife, & their Pilot York 



march, they arrived at Cadaracqui, 
and fcattered the Onotidaffas, but only 
captured a little corn and a Sachem loo 
years old, whom they tortured in away 
which extorted from Charlevoix the 
remark, that " never was a man treated 
with more cruelty, nor ever did any 
man bear torture with greater firmnefs 
and magnanimity." Frontenac marched 
back, with no further refults for this 
expenfive campaign than the treacher- 
ous capture of 35 confiding Oneidas, 
who were taken by the Chevalier Vaii- 
drueil. [i New- York Hijl. Coll. ii : 
44; iv : 121 ; Bancroft's Hiji. U. S. iii : 
190 : Hildreth's HiJl. U. S. ii : 193 ; Dun- 
lap's HiJi. Ne-w Tork, i : 227 ; Colden's 
HiJl. Five Ind. Nations, 18S-194.] 

211 This is a curious illuftration of 
the eafe with which names are changed 
by paffing from one language into 
another. Between Col. Church's way 
of pronouncing the name of this French 
admiral, and his fon Thomas's way of 
writing it, the very refpe<5lable D' Iber- 
ville was metamorphofed into the 
abnormal, if not neutral, certainly pe- 
culiar, ^^ Deborahuel." 

Lemoine D^ Iberville was born in Mon- 
treal, 1642 ; was one of feven brothers 
adlive in Canadian affairs ; went early 
to fea; diflinguilhed himfelf for bravery 
and ability; commanded the expedition 

14 105 



which recovered Fort Nelfon to the 
French, 16S6; fuccefsfully invaded New- 
foundland, and gained vi<5tories in Hud- 
fon's Bay, 1697 ; was reputed to be the 
moft fkilful naval officer in the French 
fervice ; was commiflioned to explore 
the mouth of the MifTifTippi, and failed 
from /?(?c^^(>r/ for that purpofe, 17 061., 
169S ; entered the river, 2 March, 1670; 
returned to France, but was again or- 
dered to the river; captured Nevis, 
1706; died at Havana, on board 
his fhip, on the eve of an expedition 
againft Jamaica, 9 July, 1706. Hutch- 
infon is wrong in his note, "This was 
not the Iberville who laid the foun- 
dation of the French colony at Mif- 
fiflippi in 1690. He died in a year or 
two after that." The colony was found- 
ed in 1699, and D'Iberville lived feven 
years after that date. He was invading 
Newfoundland the next year after this 
expedition of Church, and there is no 
reafon to doubt that he was the admiral 
in command of the French fhips which 
captured and razed Pemaquid. [Hutch- 
infon's HiJl. MaJ's. ii : 88; NevJ Avier. 
Cyc. ix: 430.] 

218 Saint John still ftands — as the 
principal city and feaport of New 
Brunfwick — on a rocky peninfula on 
the left bank of the pidturefque river 
of the name. 



[91] 

inform'd them of a Fort up that River, & that it was built 
on a little Ifland in that River ;^^^ and that there was no 
getting to it but in Canoo's, or on the Ice in the Winter 
time: This with the" certain knowledge that we were dif- 
covered by the Enemy that efcaped out of the upper Ca- 
noo, concluded it not proper at that time to proceed any 
further up, and that there was no getting any further with 
our Boats; and the Enem}^ being Alarm'd would certainly 
fly from them (and to do as they did four Years ago at 
their Fort at Taconock^ having fought them in Kanebeck 
River, and purfued them about 30 Miles to Taconock\^'^^ 
for they then fet their Fort on fire, and run away 
by the Light of it, ours not being able to come up 
with them at that Place.) Maj. CJuirch then incour- 
aging his Souldiers, told them, he hop'd they fhould 
meet with part of the Enemy, in Penobfcot ba}', or at 
Mount-/?^r/, where the French Ships were. So not- 
withftanding they had been rowing feveral Nights before, 
with much toyl, belides were fhort of Provifions, they 
chearfull}^ embark'd on board their Boats, and went down 
the River, both with and againft the Tide: and next Morn- 
ing came to their Veflels, where the Major had ordered 
them to meet him, who could give him no intelligence of 
any Enemy. Where being come they refrefli'd them- 
felves; Meeting then with another difappointment, for 
their Pilot York [91] not being acquainted any further, 

219 See note 210, ante. 220 gee note 185, a7ite. 

106 



L9iJ 

they began to lament the lofs of one Robert Cawley^^^ who 
they chiefly depended on for all the Service to be done 
now Eaftward : he having been taken away from them the 
Night before they fot Sail from Bojlon (and was on board 
Mr. Thorps-'^ Sloop) and put on board the Man of War, 
unknown to Maj Church\ notwithftanding he had been at 
the charge and trouble of procuring him. Then the Major 
was oblig'd to one Bord,^^ procured by Mr. William 
Alden^-"^ who being acquainted in thofe parts, to leave his 
Veflel and go with him in the Boats, which he readily 
complyed with, and fo went to Nasket point; ^^^ where 
being inform'd was a likely place to meet with the Ene- 
my; coming there found feveral Houfmg and fmall Fields 
of Corn, the fires having been out feveral days, and no 



2-1 Robert Ca-vley {Cattle, Caulie), 
of Pcinaqtitd, took the oath of fidelity 
to MafTachufetts, at the Court, 7 Oc5t., 
1674; and was undoubtedly the perfon 
here referred to. He may have been 
a fon of Thomas, who was freeman, 
Cambridge, 1640; was " alowed to 
keepe yi(5tualing in his houfe for 
ftrang's " 14 Maj', 1645, and appears 
to have been at Marblehead, 1671. 
{Ma/s. Col. Rec. ii : 98; v : 18; A^. ^. 
Hijl. and Gen. Reg. iii : 187 ; Savage's 
Gen. Did. i : 350.] 

222 There was a Robert Thorpe at 
York, 1660; and one of that name was 
admoniflied by the Court " not to ad- 
venture too many into any boate." 
[Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 293 ; Mafs. 
Col. Rec. i : 249.] 



223 Henry Boade {Bord,Bode, Boad) 
fettled at Saco before 1636; was free- 
man at Wells, Me., 5 July, 1653; was 
Juftice there 1653 ; died 1657. This 
man of whom Church fpeaks, may have 
been his fon. \_N. E. HiJl. and Gen. 
Reg. iii: 193; Folfom's Hijl. Saco, 
119.] 

224 Capt. John Alden (see note 133, 
«»/e) had a fon William, born 10 Sept., 
1669, who would now be 27 years old, 
and may have followed his father's fea- 
faring trade, and been a member of this 
expedition, as " m after of the Brigan- 
teen Endeavour." [Savage's Gen. Did. 
i: 23.] 

225 Najkeag point is the S. E. ex- 
tremity of the prefent town of Sedge- 
wick, Me. 



107 



[91] 

new Tracks. But upon Penobfcot Ifland ^^ they found 
feveral Indian Houfes, Corn & Turnips, tho' the Enemy 
ftill being all gone, as before mentioned. Then they di- 
vided and fent their Boats fome one way and fome another, 
thinking that if any ftraggling Indians, or Cajlee7i himfelf 
fhould be there-about, they might find them, but it prov'd 
all in vain. Himfelf and feveral Boats went to Mount- 
De/art, to fee if the French Ships were gone and whither 
any of the Enemy might be there, but to no purpofe: The 
Ships being gone and the Enemy alfo. They being now 
got feveral Leagues to the Weftward of their Veflels; and 
feeing that the way was clear for their Veflels to pafs: 
And all their extream rowing and travelling by Land and 
Water, Night and Day to be all in vain. The Enemy 
having left thofe parts, as they judg'd about eight or ten 
days before. And then returning to their Veffels, the 
Commander calling all his Officers together, to confult 
and refolve what to do, concluding that the Enemy by 
fome means or other had received fome Intelligence of 
their being come out againfl; them; and that they were in 
no neceflity to come down to the Sea fide as yet, Moofe 
and Bever now being fat. They then agreed to go fo far 
Eafl;, and imploy themfelves, that the Enemy belonging to 
thofe parts might think they were gone home: having 
fome difcourfe about going over to Saint yokn''s', but the 

226 Now called Orphan Ifland, con- port, and owned by defcendants of 
taining some 5000 acres, and dividing an orphan, who inherited a part of the 
the waters of the Penobfcot into two old Waldo patent. [Williamfon's Hijl. 
branches. The ifland is taxed in Buckf- Me. i : 69.] 

loS 



[91] 

Mafters of the Veflels faid, he had as good carry them to 
old France, &c. which put off that defign, they concluding 
that the French Ships were there. Then the Major mov'd 
for going over the Bay towards La/iane,"^ and toward the 
Gut of Cancer^ where was another conliderable Fort of 
Indians, who often came to the affiftance of our Enemy, 
the barbarous Indians] faying that b}^ the time they fhould 
return again, the Enemy belonging to thefe parts would 
be come down again, expecting that we are gone home. 
But in fliort, could not prevail with the Mailers of the 
open Sloops to venture a-crofs the Bay; who faid it was 
very dangerous fo late in the Year, and as much as their 
Lives were worth, &c. Then they concluded and refolved 
to go to Sena^aca,^^^ wherein there was a ready compli- 
ance (but the want of their Pilot Robert Cawley was a 
great damage to them, who knew all thofe parts:) how- 

2-'' Milprint for Z-a /r«r'e, a harbor of that St. John was as full of enemies 

Nova Scotia on its S. E. coaft, at the as " Old France," and not to the ocean 

mouth of the Have, fome 50 miles S. W. diftance ; as is fhown here bj their re- 

from Halifax. [Haliburton's7//y?. Nov. ludlance even to crofs the Bay. 

Scot.'w 141.] -2^ Chiegnedo Bay {Beau Bajzti) is 

228 The gut of Canjeau is the narrow an inlet between Nova Scotia and New 

channel between Nova Scotia and Cape Brunfwick, being the tapering northern 

Breton, from the Atlantic into North- extremity of the Bay of Fundy. This 

umberland Strait ; averaging fcarcely is two degrees farther E. than St. 

more than 2 miles in width, to a length John's, and a little farther north. The 

of 17 miles. Almoft the whole length of fort, or fettlement, oi Beau Bajin, which 

Nova Scotia lies between it and St. Church was proceeding to attack, was 

John, — making it at leafl: four and a fituated at the extreme N. E. terminus 

half degrees farther E. than that town. of the bay, and jufl: N. of the entrance 

The faying above, of the mafters, that of the river La Plancke, on nearly the 

" he had as good carry them to old fame fpot where P'ort Lawrence after- 

France, &c.," muft refer to their notion ward flood. 

109 



[ 9^ ] 

[92] ever Mr. John Alde^t Mafter of the Briganteen En- 
deavour Pilotted them up the Bay to Senafiaca] and com- 
ing to GrinJlo7i-^o\vA.{^^ being not far from Senaflaca\ then 
came too with all the Veffels; and early next Morning 
came to Sail, and about Sun-rife got into Town; but it 
being fo late before we landed, that the Enemy moft of 
them made their efcape, (and as it happen'd landed where 
the French & Indians had fome time before killed Lieut. 
John Paine^"^^ and feveral of Capt. Smithfons ^^^ Men, that 



230 I know not how to explain this, 
except it refers to IJle dcs Meules (Ifle 
of Grindflones, or Millftones), which is 
laid down on Charlevoix's Map of Aca- 
dia, a few miles N. W. of Beau Bnjtn, 
and juft out of fight from it round Cape 
des Marhigouins (Mofquito Point). 

231 I find no fatisfaftory account of 
this 'Jolm Pahie. Mr. Drake \^ed. of 
Church (1843), 228; ed. of Hubbard. 
ii : 212] intimates that this may have 
been the John Pain who had trouble 
with the government in 1669, in the 
matter of Thomas Dickinfon's murder 
at Pennacook in the previous fum- 
mer, by an Indian befide himfelf with 
rum, which Pain had furnifhed to him 
and others. But the records are per- 
fedlly explicit on the point that that 
man's name was " Thomas Payne, late 
trader among the Indians at Pennicookc 
upon Merrimack river." This Lieut. 
John may have been his fon. {^Mafs.. 

Col. Bee. iv: Part II. 428; Bouton's 
Hijl. Concord, N.H. 35.] 

232 I am equally unfortunate with 
regard to Capt. Smithfon. The name 



is a very uncommon one in early New- 
England annals. It does not appear in 
Savage's omnivorous pages ; nor in the 
crowded indexes of the 20 vols, of the 
N. E. Hifi. and Gen. Regijler, except 
as the name of a paflenger to Virginia 
in 1635 ; nor in thofe of the 43 vols, of 
the Collections and Proceedings of the 
Mafs. Hift. Society; nor in that of 
Drake's Founders of Nezv England ; 
nor in the lift of freemen of Mafs. ; nor 
in the indexes of the Mafs. Col. Rec- 
ords ; nor in the lift of the freemen of 
Plymouth Colony, or the indexes of its 
records ;^nor in thofe of the records of 
the Colonies of Rhode Ifland, Con- 
nedlicut, and New Haven. Under thefe 
circumftances I have little doubt that 
the name is a miftake for another — 
what, I have no ufeful conje6tin-e. Nor 
can I fuggeft in what fkirmifii thefe 
lives had been loft, unlefs it were con- 
necfted with Sir William Phips's Expe- 
dition in 1690, when he feems to have 
vifited Beau Bajin. [ Haliburton's 
Hifl. Nov. Scot, i : 77 ; Hutchin- 
fon's Hifi. Mafs. i : 352.] 



[92] 

was with faid Paine) They feeing our Forces coming 
took the opportunity, fired feveral Guns, and fo run all 
into the Woods, carryed all or moft part of their goods 
with them. One Jarmaji Bridgway'^'^ came running to- 
wards our Forces with a Gun in one hand, and his Car- 
tridg-box in the other, calling to our Forces to flop that 
he might fpeak with them; but Maj. Church thinking it 
was that they might have fome advantage, ordered them 
to run on; when the faid ^rz'^ex/^ji/ fa w they would not 
flop, turn'd and run, but the Major call'd unto him, and 
bid him ftop, or he fhould be fhot down; fome of our 
Forces being near to the faid Bridgway^ faid it was the 
General that call'd to him: he hearing that, ftop'd and 
turn'd about, laying down his Gun, flood, till the Major 
came up to him, his defire was that the Commander would 
make hafte with him to his houfe, left the Salvages ^^ 
fhould kill his Father and Mother, who were upward of 
fourfcore Years of Age, and could not go. The Major 
ask'd the faid Bridgway whither there was any Indians 
amongft them ? and where they liv'd ? he fhak'd his head, 
and faid, he durft not tell, for if he did they would take an 
opportunity and kill him and his: fo all that could be got 
out of him was, that they were run into the Woods with 

■233 "The Englifti purfued, and foon refpe(5lable Acadians." {,HiJl. Nov. 

met Bourgeois (Church calls him Scot, i : 77.] 

Bridgwrtw) a principal inhabitant, com- 234 That is, Church's Indians, — 

ing to aflc quarter for himlelf and fam- among whom probably were ftill fome 

ily." [Hutchinfon's ////?. il/f{/s. ii : 92.] of thofe faithful old Saconets\\\\o had 

Haliburton calls him " one of the moft followed him on fo many war-paths. 



[ 93 ] 

the reft. Then orders were given to purfue the Enemy, 
and to kill what Indians they could find, and take the 
French alive, and give them quarter, if they ask'd it. Our 
Forces foon took three French Men, who upon examina- 
tion faid. That the Indians were all run into the woods. 
The French firing feveral Guns at our Forces, and ours at 
them; but they being better acquainted with the woods 
than ours, got away. The Major took the above faid 
yarman Bridgzvay for a Pilot, and with fome of his Forces 
went over a River,^^ to feveral of their houfes, but the 
People were gone and carryed their goods with them: In 
ranging the woods found feveral Indian-houfes, their fires 
being juft out, but no Indians. Spending that day in 
ranging to & fro, found confiderable of their goods, and 
but few People; at Night the Major writ a Letter, and 
fent out two French Prifoners, wherein was fignifyed. 
That if they would come in, they fhould have good quar- 
ters. The next day feveral come in, which did belong to 
that part of the Town where our Forces firft landed, who 
had encouragements given them by our Commander, That 
if they would affift him in taking thofe Indians which be- 
long'd to thofe parts, they ftiould have their goods return'd 
to them again, and their Eftates fhould not be damnify'd;^^ 
which they refufed. Then the Major and his [93] Forces 
purfued their defign and went further ranging their Coun- 

235 Probably the MiffaqttaJJt ; and the 236 « Damnified — to do damage to." 

houfes were, moll likely, where was — Bailey. " That the Commonwealth 
afterwards Fort Cumberland. of learning be not dam7jijied." — Milton. 



L93J 

try, found feveral more houfes, but the People fled, and 
carried what they had away; but in a Crick ^^ found a 
prize Bark that was brought in there by a French Priva- 
teer: in ranging the woods took fome Prifoners, who upon 
examination gave our Commander an account that there 
was fome Indians upon a Neck of Land towards Menes;^^ 
fo a party of Men was fent into thofe woods, and in their 
ranging about the faid Neck found fome Plunder, and a 
conliderable quantity o{ Hurtleburies, both green and dry, 
which were gathered by the Indians, and had like to have 
taken two hidians, who by the help of a birch Canoo got 
over the River ^^ and made their efcape. Alfo they found 
two Barrels of Powder, and near half a bufliel of Bullets ; 
the French denying it to be theirs, faid they were the Sal- 
vages ; but fure it might be a fupply for our Enemies : Alfo 
they took from barman Bridgway feveral Barrels of Pow- 
der, with Bullets, Shot, Spears and Knives, and other fup- 
plies to relieve our Enemies; he owning that he had been 
a Trading with thofe Indians along Cape Sable Shore, with 
Peter Affnow, &c. in a Sloop our Forces took from him; 
and that there he met with the French Ships, and went 
along with them to St. JohfCs, and helped them to unload 
the faid Ships and carryed up the River Provifions, Am- 

23'' The mouth of Tatitatnar river, Beau Bafin ; and the neck was that 

or the Metnramcook ? which terminated in Cape Chiegnedo, 

238 Les Mines was the name of the now known as Cumberland, 

firft bay running into the interior of 239 Riviere aux Pommcs : now Apple 

Acadia, from the Bay of Fundy W. of River? 

IS "3 



L93] 

munition, and other goods to Vilboons ^^^ Fort. The Major 
having ranged all Places as was thought proper, return'd 
back to the place where they firft Landed, and finding 
feveral Prifoners come in, who were much troubled to fee 
their Cattel, Sheep, Hogs & Dogs lying dead about their 
houfes, chop'd and hack'd with Hatches, (which was done 
without order fi-om the Major ^^^) however he told them. 
It was nothing to what our poor EngliJJi in our Frontier 
Towns were forc'd to look upon, for Men, Women and 
Children were chop'd and hack'd fo, and left half dead, 
with all their Scalps taken of, and that they and their In- 
dians ferved ours fo; and our Salvages would be glad to 
ferve them fo too, if he would permit them; which caufed 
them to be mighty fubmiffive, and beg'd the Major that he 
would not let the Salvages ferve them fo. Our Indians 
being fome what fenfible of the difcourfe, defired to have 
fome of them to Roft, and fo make a dance; and dancing 

240 The Chevalier Villebon \f2iS fent 23 others, and fent to Bofton." [Charle- 

over from France to take the govern- voix's Hi/i. Nouv. France; Halibur- 

ment of Nova Scotia, fucceeding M. ton's Hijl. Nov. Scot, i : 77.] 

Perot. He made his fort at the mouth 241 Charlevoix fajs that our foldiers 

of the St. John the rallying point of plundered the Acadians until Burgeois 

French and Indians for their defcents produced a proclamation which had 

upon the Englilh colonies. He partici- been given by Sir Wm. Phips, alTuring 

pated vv^ith D' Iberville in the capture of them of protection fo long as they re- 

i'ewa^zw'i/, and was novsr back at his fort. mained faithful to King William ; and 

Charlevoix makes the miftake of con- that Church, being made acquainted 

founding him with Villeau (fee note with it, refpedled it, and ordered his 

194, ante'), and fo reprefents him as foldiers to do the fame, who however, 

having been captured and releafed by he adds, ftill " condudled themfelves 

the Englilh. Haliburton copies the as if they had been in a conquered 

blunder, faying he " was captured with country." \^HiJl. Nouv. France.'\ 

114 



[94] 

in a hideous manner to terrify them, faid, That they could 
eat any fort of flefh, and that fome of theirs would make 
their hearts ftrong: fkepping up to fome of the Prifoners, 
faid, They mult have their Scalps, which much terrifyed 
the poor Prifoners, who beg'd for their lives. The Major 
told them he did not defign the Salvages fhould hurt 
them; but it w^as to let them fee a little what the poor 
Engli/Ji felt, faying, it was not their Scalps he wanted, but 
the Salvages, for that he fhould get nothing by them; and 
told them, That their Fathers the Fryers ^"^^ and Govern- 
ours incouraged their Salvages, and gave them Money to 
Scalp our EnglifJt^ notwithftanding they were with them; 
which feveral of our EngliJJi there prefent did teftify to 
their Faces, that their Fathers and Mothers were [94] 
ferved fo in their fight. But the Major bid them tell their 
Fathers the Fryers and the Governours, That if they ftill 
perfifted and let their wretched Salvages kill & deflroy the 
poor Engli/Ji at that rate, he would come with fome hun- 
dreds of Salvages, and let them loofe among them, who 
would Kill, Scalp and carry away every French perfon in 
all thofe parts, for they were the root from whence all the 
branches came that hurt us; for the hidians could not do 
us any harm, if they did not relieve and fupply them. 
The French being fenfible of the Majors kindnefs to them, 
kifs'd his hand, & was very thankful to him for his favour 
to them in faving their lives ; owned that their Priefts was 
at the taking of Pemaquid Fort, and were now gone to 

242 The Acadians were bigoted Romanifts. 
"5 



[94] 

Laykone^^^ with fome of the Indians, to meet the French 
Ships, but for what they would not tell. The Commander 
with his Forces having done all the Service they could in 
thofe parts, concluded to go to St. yo/mh River ^^'^ to do 
further Service for their King and Country, Embark'd all 
on board their Tranfports,~^^ and having a fair wind foon 
got to Monoge?te/l,^^^ which lyes a little diftance from the 
Mouth of St. yo/mh River. Next Morning early the Ma- 
jor with his Forces landed to fee what difcovery they 
could make, Travel'd a crofs the woods, to the old Fort 
or Falls at the Mouth of St. yo/iii's River, keeping them- 
felves undifcovered from the Enemy; finding that there 
were feveral Men at work, and having inform'd themfelves 
as much as they could, (the Enemy being on the other 
fide of the River, could not come at them) Returned 
back, but Night coming on and dark wet Weather, with 
bad Travelling, was oblig'd to flop in the woods till to- 
wards day next Morning, and then went on board; foon 
after the Major ordered all the Veflels to come to Sail, 
and go into the Mouth of the River; being done, it was 
not long before the Major and his Forces landed on the 

^^* La Have (fee note 227, ante.') 245 Hutchinlbnfaj'S they left ^e«z^^a- 

^''■i The fcruples of thofe who thought Jtti, 20 Sept., 1696. \_HiJl. Mafs. ii : 94.] 

" he had as good carry them to old 246 jjj^ ^^ Menagoniche (given on 

France " as to St. John, when they were Haliburton's Map as AIeoge7ies) lies off 

at /'ewoiiyco/, were probably removed by the fhore, a little W. of the entrance 

finding that they would now be going of the river St. John, and of the fite of 

near 150 miles toward home by repairing an old fort. The new fort, which Ville- 

thither. It feems to have made a great bon was building, was on the other (E.) 

difference in the valor of fome of the par- fide of the river, juft above the Ijle aiix 

ty, whether they were heading E. or W. Perdraux (now Partridge I.) 

116 



[94] 

Eaft fide of the River, the French firing briskly at them, 
but did them no harm; and running fiercely upon the Ene- 
my, they foon fled into the Woods. The Major ordered a 
brisk party to run a crofs a Neck^^^ to cut them off from 
their Canoo's, which the day before they had made a dif- 
covery of; fo the Commander with the reft ran dire6lly 
towards the New Fort they were a building, not knowing 
but they had fome Ordnance mounted. The Enemy run- 
ning dire6lly to their Canoo's was met by our Forces, who 
fired at them and kill'd one and wounded Corporal Can- 
ton^"^^ who was taken, the reft threw down what they had 
and ran into the woods; the faid Prifoner Canton being 
brought to the Major, told him, if he would let his Sur- 
geon drefs his wound and cure him, he would be Service- 
able to him as long as he liv'd: fo being drefs'd, he was 
Examin'd: who gave the Major an account of the Twelve 
great Guns which were hid in the beach below high wa- 
ter Mark (the Carriges, Shot and Wheelbarrows, fome 
Flower & Pork, all hid in the Woods:) And the next 
Morning the Officers being all ordered to meet together, 
to confult about going up the River to Vilboons Fort,^^^ 

2*'' The neck, apparently, between the at the Gemfec. Haliburton gives the 

St. John and the Riviere de Cant- following paper, which defcribes mi- 

bechis (Haliburton gives it Kennebeck- nutely its condition in 1670 ; and which 

ajts)^ the firft Eaftern confluent of the may be worth the fpace it will occupy as 

former above its mouth. hinting the falhion of thefe Indian forts, 

"^^ It would be a hopelefs tafk to con- and their fittings in the earlier days : 
jedlure what French name lies perdu "Inventory. — i. At the entering in 

under this cognomen. of faid Fort, on the left hand we found 

'■^^^ The fort which was the headquar- a court of guard about 15 paces long, 

ters of Villebon was up the St. John and 10 broad, having, upon the right 

117 



[95] 



and none amongft them being acquainted [95] but the 
Aldens, who faid the Water in the River was very low; 
fo that they could not get up to the Fort, and the Prifoner 
Canton told the Commander, That what the Aldens faid 
was true. So not being willing to make a Canada Expe- 
dition,^^" concluded it was not pra6licable to proceed. 
Then ordered fome of the Forces to get the great Guns on 
board the open Sloops, and the reft to rang the woods for 
the Enemy, who took one Prifoner, and brought in; who 
in their ranging found there a Shallop haul'd into a Crick, 
and a day or two after there came in a Young Souldier to 
our Forces, who upon examination gave an account of 



hand a houle of the like length and 
breadth, built with hewn ftone and cov- 
ered with fhingles, and above them 
there is a chapel of about 6 paces long 
and 4 paces broad ; covered with fhin- 
gles and built with terras, upon which 
there is a fmall turret, wherein there is 
a little bell, weighing about i8 lbs. 

" 2. Upon the left hand as we entered 
into the Court, there is a magazine, hav- 
ing 2 ftories built with ftone, and cov- 
ered with fhingles, being in length 
about 36 paces long, and 10 in breadth ; 
which magazine is very old and wanted 
much repair; under which is a little 
cellar, in which there is a well; and 
upon the other fide of faid court, being 
on the right hand, there is a houfe of 
the fame length and breadth the maga- 
zine is, being half covered with fhin- 
gles, and the reft uncovered and 
wanting much repair; upon the ram- 
parts of the faid fort are 12 iron guns, 
weighing in all 21,122 lbs. 



"3. We do find in the faid fort 6 
murtherers, without Chambers, weigh- 
ing 1200 lbs. 

" 4. 200 iron bullets, from 3 to 8 lbs. 
"5. About 30 or 40 paces from the 
faid fort, there is a fmall outhoufe, 
being about 20 paces in length, and 8 in 
breadth ; built with planks and half 
covered with ihingles, which do not 
ferve for any ufe but to houfe cattle. 

"6. About 50 paces from faid out- 
houfe there is a fquare garden, enclofed 
with rails, in which garden there are 
50 or 60 trees bearing fruit. 
" Signed, 

Le Chevalier de Grand Fontaine. 
Jean Maillard. 
Richard Walker. 
Isaac Garner. 

Marshall, Sec'y." 
[Haliburton's Hijl. Nov. Scot, i : 66.] 

250 sjj- William Phips's attack upon 
Canada had inglorioufly failed in 1690, 
partly becaufe of the latenefs of the 
feafon at which it was undertaken, and 



iiS 



[95] 

two more which he left in the woods at fome diftance ; fo 
immediately the Major with fome of his Forces went in 
purfuit of them, taking the faid Prifoner with them, who 
convey'd them to the place where he left them, but they 
^were gone. Then ask'd the Prifoner, Whither there were 
any Indians in thofe parts ? Said, No, it was as hard for 
Vilboon their Governour to get an Indian down to the 
water lide, as it was for him to carry one of thofe great 
Guns upon his back to his Fort: for they having had In- 
telligence by a Prifoner out of Bojlon Goal,^^^ that gave 
them an account of Maj. Chtirch and his Forces coming 
out againfb them. Now having with a great deal of pains 
and trouble got all the Guns, Shot and other Stores aboard, 
intended on our defign which we came out firft for, but 
the Wind not ferving, the Commander fent out his Scouts 
into the woods to feek for the Enemy, and four of our In- 
dians come upon three Fre7ich Men undifcovered, who 
concluded that if the French fhould difcover them would 
fire at them and might kill one or more of them, which to 
prevent fired at the Frejtck, kill'd one and took the other 
two Prifoners; and it happen'd that he who was kill'd was 
Shanelere^'^ the Chief Man there &€. The fame Day they 
mended their Whale-boats, and the Shallop which they 
took, fitting her to Row with Eight Oars, that fhe might 
be helpful to their Profecuting their intended defign againft 
the Enemy in their returning homewards. Then the 

partly becaufe of its inherent weaknefs. be one of Villeau's men (fee note 195, 
[Hutchinfon's Hijl. Mafs. i : 352-6.] ante). 

251 There was hardly time for this to 252 See note 248, ante. 

119 



[96] 

Commander ordering all the Officers to come together, 
Inform'd them of his intentions and ordered that no Veffels 
fhould depart from the Fleet, but to attend the Motions of 
their Commadore, as formerly, except they were parted 
by Storms or thick Fogs, and if fo it fhould happen that 
any did part, when they come to Pajfamequady^^^ fhould 
ftop there a while, for there they intended to Hop, and do 
bufinefs with the help of their Boats againft the Enemy, 
and if they mift that to ftop at Machias\ ^^"^ which was the 
next place he intended to flop at, having an account by the 
Prifoners taken. That Mr. LaterW^^ was there a trading 
with the Indians in that River: Incouraging them, faid. 
He did not doubt but to have a good booty there; and if 
they fhould pafs thofe two places, be fure not to go paft 
Naskege-'i^omt^^^ but to ftop there, till he came, and not to 
depart thence in a Fortnight without his orders, having 
great Service to do in and about Penobfcot^ &c. Then the 
Major difcourfed with Capt. Brackit^^'' Capt. Htmewell^^^ 
and Capt. Larking^^^ [96] (with their Lieutenants) Com- 
manders of the Forces belonging to the Eaftward parts, 
who were to difcourfe their Souldiers about their proceed- 
ing, when they came to Penobfcot\ and the Major himfelf 

253 The bay into which empties the fifth expedition, with his family, fome 

St. Croix, the boundary between the of whom were reported to be drowned. 

United States and the Britilh Provinces. 256 See note 225, ante. 

23-* The next port weftward. 257 See note 120, ante. 

255 Probably the Frenchman who is 258 See note 157, attte. 

twice referred to fubfequently (on p. 259 There was a Samuel Larkin 

109 of the original paging) as "old among the early inhabitants of Portf- 

Lotriel" and as being captured in the mouth, N.H. 



[96] 

was to difcourfe his /ndtan-Sould'iers, and their Captains; 
who with all the reft readily compl37'd. The proje6lion 
being fuch, That when they came to Pefiobfcot the Com- 
mander defign'd to take what Provilions could be fpared 
out of all the Sloops, and put on board the two Brigan- 
teens,'^*^ and to fend all the Sloops home with fome of the 
Officers and Men that wanted to be at home : and then 
with thofe Forces afore-mentioned {to wit^ the Eaftward 
Men, and all the India7is', and to take what Provilions and 
Ammunition was needful, and to March with himfelf up 
into the Penobfcot Country, in fearch for the Enemy, and if 
poffible to take that Fort in Penobfcot River. Capt. Brackit 
informing the Major, That when the water was low they 
could waid over (which was at that time) the loweft that 
had been known in a long time. And being there to rang 
thro' that Country down to Pemequid, where he intended 
the two Briganteens fhould meet them; and from thence 
taking more Provilions {viz^ Bread, Salt & Ammunition 
fuitable (to fend thofe two Veffels home alfo) to travel 
thro' the Country to Nerigiwock^^^ and from thence to 
Ameras cogen-Fort, and fo down where the Enemy us'd to 
Plant, not doubting but that in all this Travel to meet 
with many of the Enemy before they fhould get to Pifca- 
taqua. All which intentions were very acceptable to the 

260 '■'■ Brigaiitijie, — afmall, flat, open, point in the bend of the Kennebec op- 
light veffel, going both with fails and pofite to the mouth of Sandy river, 
oars, either for fighting or for giving where was the ancient feat of the Cani- 
chafe." — Bailey. bus Indians. [Williamfon's Htjl. Me. i : 

261 Norridgevjock (^Narantfotia{) is a 467; Father Druillettes's Journal, 2i^o.~\ 

16 121 



[96] 

Forces that were to undertake it, who rejoycing, faid, 
They had rather go home by Land than by Water, pro- 
vided their Commander went with them: (who to try their 
fideHty) faid, He was grown Ancient, and might fail them; 
They all faid they would not leave him, and when he 
could not Travel any further, they would carry him. 
Having done what Service they could at and about the 
Mouth of St. Johns's, River, Refolved on their intended 
delign; and the next Morning having but little Wind, 
came all to Sail, the Wind coming againft them they put 
into Mu/JiquaJJt Cove,^*^^ and the next day the Wind ftill 
being againft them, the Major with part of his Forces 
Landed, and imployed themfelves in ranging the Country 
for the Enemy, but to no purpofe; and in the Night the 
wind came pretty fair, and at 12 a Clock they came to 
Sail, and had not been out long before they fpy'd three 
Sail of Veflels; Expe6ling them to be French, fitted to 
defend themfelves, fo coming near, hail'd them : who 
found them to be a Man of War, the Province Galley, 
and old Mr. Alden^^^ in a Sloop, with more Forces, Col. 
Hathrojie^^"^ Commander. Maj. Church went aboard the 

262 ^\\QowW^\.o{ Riviere de Mechecaf- Deputy, 1683; Affiftant or Counfellor, 
cor, the fecond ftreani coming into the 1684-1712; Judge of Com. Pleas, 1692- 
bayW. of the St. John ; which Halibur- 1702; Judge of Supreme Court, 1702- 
ton's map names Mufquafli river, — 15 ; Commiffioner to Eaftern Indians, 
which would feem to be a tranflation and Commander, 1696; refigned his 
of found rather than of fenfe. place on the bench on account of deaf- 

263 See note 133, ante. nefs, 1712; died 10 May, 1717, est. 76. 
26^ Joh}i Hathorne (^Hathorn, Haw- He had five fons. [Savage's Gen. 

thorne) was fon of William, of Salem ; Dii^. ii : 377 ; Wafhburn's Judic. Hiji. 
born 4 Aug., 1641 ; freeman, 1677; il/a/S. 271.] 



[97] 

Commadore, where Col. Hathrone was, who gave him an 
account of his Commiilion & Orders, and read them to 
him. Then his Honour told Maj. Church, that there was 
a particular Order on board Capt. Soutkack'^^^ for him: 
which is as followeth. [97] 

Sir, Bofton, September. <^th. 1696. 

T T/y Majcjlics Ship Orford having lately furprized a 
-■- -*- French Shallop with twenty three of the Soldiers 
belonging to the Fort upo7i John'^ River in Nova-Scotia, 
together with Villeau their Captain, Providence feems to 
encourage the forming of an Expedition to attack that Fort, 
and to difrefi and remove the Enemy from that Pofl, which 
is the chief Scource fro7n whence the niofl of our difaflers do 
iffue, and alfo to favour with an opportuiiity for gaining out 
of their hands the Ordnance, Artillery and other Warlike 
Stores and Provifions lately fupp lied to them from France, 
for ere^ing a new Fort near the Rivers m.outh, whereby they 
will be greatly flrengthened, and the reducing of them ren- 
dred more difficult. I have therefore ordered a Detachment 
of two new Companies co7ififling of about an Hundred Men 

265 Cyprian Southach was comman- rails, or otherwife, that people may not 

der of the Province gallej' ; was with be in danger." Valley acre was the hill 

Church in his laft Eaftern Expedition, juft eaft of Beacon hill, occupying the 

1704; and went to Canada in 1714 on fpace, nearly, of what is now Pember- 

the Stoddard and Williams Expedition ; ton Squai-e. Capt. Southack's hill 

lived on Tremont Street, which then probably adjoined his houfe, which 

embraced only that portion now in- feems to have ftood not far from the 

eluded between School and Howard prefent fite of the Albion. [Drake's 

Streets; 19 0(5l., 1733, was warned to Hijl. Bojl. i: 529, 539, 593; N. E. 

secure "his hill near Valley acre, by HiJl. and Gen. Reg. v: 39.] 

123 



[97] 

to joyn the Forces now with you for that Expedition^ and 
have commij/ionated Lieut. Colonel John Hathorne, 07ie of 
the Members of His Majeflies Council, who is acqtiaiiited 
with that River, and in whofe courage and condzt^ I repofe 
fpecial Triifl, to take the chief command of the whole during 
that Service, being well affured that your good affe^ions and 
zeal for His Majeflies Service will induce your ready com- 
pliance and afjifiance thereijt, which I hope will take up no 
long time, and be of great benefit and advantage to thefe Hts 
Majefiies Territories if it pleafe God to fucceed the fame. 
Befides its very probable to be the farefi opporttmity that can 
be offered unto your felf and Men, of doing Executio7i upon 
the Indian Enem^y and Rebels, who may reafonably be ex- 
pelled to be drawn to the defence of that Fort. I have alfo 
ordered His Majeflies Ship Arundel, and the Province- 
Gal ly to attend this Service. 

Colonel Flathorne will communicate unto you the contents 
of his Commifjfion and InflruBions received from, my felf for 
this Expedition, which I expeH and order that your felf. 
Officers and Souldiers now under yoti yield obedience unto. 
He is to advife with your felf and others in all weighty 
attempts. Praying for a Bleffi7ig from Heaveit upon the 
faid Enterprize, and that all engaged in the fame may be 
under the fpecial ProteSIion of the Abnighty. I am your 
Loving Friend, Wm. STOUGHTON. 

The Major having read his laft Orders, and confidering 

his Commiffion, found that he was oblig'd to attend, All 

124 



[98] 

Orders, &c. was much concern'd that he and his 'were 
prevented in their intended projection, if carryed back to 
St. yohn\. Then dilcourfing with Col. Hathorne, gave 
him an account of what they had done at St. yokii's, viz. 
That as to the demoHfhing the New Fort they had done 
it, and got all their great Guns and Stores aboard their 
Veffels; and that if it had not been that the waters were 
fo low would have taken the Fort up the River alfo before 
he came away. Told him alfo that one of the Prifoners 
which he had taken at St. yohn^s, upon examination con- 
cerning the Indians in thofe parts, told him, it was as hard 
for Vilboon their Governour to get one of their Indians 
down to the water fide, as to carry one of thofe great Guns 
upon his back: and that they had an account of him and 
his Forces coming to thofe parts by a Prifoner out of 
Bq/lon Goal. Alfo [98] told his Honour, That if they 
went back it would wholly difappoint them of their doing 
any further Service, which was that they came for to 
Penobfcot, and Places Adjacent; but all was to no purpofe 
his Honour telling the Major that he muft attend his Or- 
ders then received. And to incourage the Officers and 
Souldiers, told them. They fhould be wholly at the Majors 
Ordering & Command in the whole a6lion: (and to be 
fhort did go back) and the event may be feen in Col. 
Hathron^^ Journal of the faid a6lion.^^*^ Only I mufl ob- 

2<i6 Church fpeaks as if Hathorn's of the Cold Sea/on so difcouraged our 
Journal were public property ; but I have Men, that after the making of fome few 
not been able to find it. Mather fums Shot, the Enterprize found itlelf under 
up the iffue thus : " Bui the Difficulty too much Congelation to proceed any 

125 



[98 J 

ferve one thing by the way, which was, That when they 
drew off to come clown the River again, Col. Hathorne 
came off and left the Major behind to fee that all the 
Forces were drawn off; and coming down the River in or 
near the Rear, in the Night heard a perfon hollow, not 
knowing at firft but that it might be a fnare to draw 
them into ; but upon confideration fent to fee who or what 
he was, found him to be a Negro man belonging to Mar- 
ble/iead, that had been taken, and kept a Prifoner amongft 
them for fome time. The Major ask'd him. Whither he 
could give any account of the Indians in thofe parts? He 
faid. Yes, they were or had been all drawn off from the 
Sea Coaft up into the Woods near a hundred Miles having 
had an account by a Prifoner out of Bojlon Goal; that 
Maj. Church and his Forces were coming out againft them 



further." {^Magnalia, Book VII : 90.] ency of the weather. They were soon 

Hutchinfon fays, " Villebon had timely difcouraged, for the next night they 

notice of the return and re-enforcement, re-embarked; and having joined thofe 

and made the beft preparations he could at the mouth of the river, made the 

for his defence. Four of the fmall vefTels beft of their way to Bofton. No notice 

went up the river, and landed their was taken of any lois on either fide, 

men near the fort, 06lober the 7th. except the burning a few of the ene- 

They raifed a battery for two field my's houfes; nor is any fufficient reafon 

pieces, and began to fire with them and given for relinquifhing the defign fo 

with their mufketry the fame day ; fuddenly. 

and the French made return. When It is probable that the forces were 

night came on, which proved very cold, not provided with tents nor cloathing 

the Englhh lighted their fires to keep fufiicient to defend them from the cold, 

them from perilhing. This made them which they had reafon to expedl to 

a mark for the French cannon, which increafe every day, and it is certain the 

difturbed them to that degree that they old Colonel Church was oftended at 

were obliged to put out their fires, and being fuperfeded in command." \_Hi/i. 

to be expofed all night to the inclem- MaJ's. ii : 94.] 

126 



[98] 

in four Briganteens, & four Sloops, with 24 Peraougers,^^'' 
meaning Whale-boats, which put them into a fright, that 
notwithftanding they were fo far up in the Woods were 
afraid to make fires by Day left he and his Forces fliould 
difcover the Smokes, and in the Night left they ftiould fee 
the light. One thing more I would juft give a hint of, 
that is, How the French in the Eaftward parts were much 
furpriz'd at the motion of the Whale boats; faid. There 
was no abiding for them in that Country: and I have been 
inform'd fince, that foon after this Expedition, they drew 
off" from St. yoh7i\ Fort & River But to return. Then 
going all down the River, Embark'd and went homeward; 
only by the way Candid Reader^ I would let you know of 
two things that proved very prejudicial to Major Ckurc/i 
and his Forces: The firft was. That the Government 
ftiould mifs it fo much as to fend any Prifoner away from 
Bojlon before the Expedition was over. Secondly, That 
they ftiould fend Col. Hathrone to take them from the 
Service & bufinefs they went to do : Who with fubmiftion, 
doubtlefs thought they did for the beft, tho' it prov'd to 
the contrary. So ftiall wind up with juft a hint of what 
happen'd at their coming home to Bojlon. After all their 
hard Service both Night & Day, the Government took 
away all the great Guns, and Warlike Stores, and gave 
them not a Peny for them, (except it was fome Powder, 
and that they gave what they pleas'd for it) and befide 
the Affembly paft a Vote that they ftiould have but half 

267 Pirogue, boat of favages. — Spiers and Surenne. 
127 



[99] 

pay. But his Honour the Lieut. Governour^^^ being much 
difturb'd at their fo doing went in to the Town-Houfe 
where the Reprefentatives were fitting, and told them 
except they did Re-alTume that Vote, which was to cut 
Maj. Church [99] and his Forces off half their pay, they 
fhould fit there till the next Spring. Whereupon it was 
Re-affumed : So that they had juft their bare Wages. But 
as yet never had any Allowance for the great Guns and 
Stores; neither has Maj Church had any Allowance for all 
his Travel and great Expences in Raifing the faid Forces 
Volunteers. 



The Fifth and Laft Expedition, Eaft. 

IN the Year 1703, 4. Major Chtirch had an account of 
the miferable Deveftations made on Deerjield^^^ a Town 
in the Weftward parts of this Province, and the horrible 
Barbarities & Cruelties exercifed on thofe poor Innocent 
People, (by the French & Indians) efpecially of their 
Cruelties towards that worthy Gentlewoman Mrs. Wil- 
liams^^^ and feveral others, whom they March'd in that 

268 Lieut Gov. William Stoughton. and of the flain — 8 or 9 of each — 
See note 191, ante. belonged to other towns. [Judd's Hijl. 

269 Deerfield was dellroyed 29 Feb., Hadley, 272.] Church probably had 
170I ; 38 were flain in the palifaded forgotten the exadt fequence of events 
village and 9 in the meadow fight ; and when dictating this, as his letter to 
112 were taken, of whom 2 foon efcaped, Gov. Dudley is dated 5 Feb., 170I — 24 
22 were flain or perilhed on their way to days before Deerfield fell. 

Canada, 28 remained in Canada, and 270 Mrs. Eunice Williatns was daugh- 

60 returned. A few of the captives ter of Rev. Eleazer Mather of North- 

128 



[99] 

extream Seafon; forcing them to carry great loads, and 
when any of them by their hard ufage could not bare with 
it, were knock'd on the head, and fo kill'd in cool Bloud. 
All which with fome other horrible Inftances done by 
thofe Barbarous Salvages, which Maj. CJmrch himfelf was 
an eye witnefs to in his former Travels in the Eaftward 
parts, did much aftonifh him. To fee a Woman that thofe 
Barbarous Salvages had taken and kill'd, expofed in a 
moft bruitifh manner (as can be exprefs'd) with a Young 
Child feiz'd fail with firings to her breaft; which Infant 
had no apparent wound, which doubtlefs was left alive to 
fuck its dead Mothers Breaft, and fo miferably to perifh & 
dye. Alfo to fee other poor Children hanging upon 
Fences dead, of either Sex, in their own poor Rags, not 
worth their ftripping them of, in fcorn and derifion. 
Another Inftance was, of a ftraggling Souldier, who was 
found at Cafco^ expos'd in a fhameful and barbarous man- 
ner; his body being ftaked up, his head cut off, and a hogs 
head fet in the room, his body rip'd up, and his heart and 
inwards taken out, and private Members cut off, and hung 
with belts of their own, the inwards at one fide of his 
body, and his private at the other, in fcorn & derifion of 
the EngliJJi Souldiers, &c. Thefe and fuch like Bar- 
barities caufed Major Church to exprefs himfelf to this 

ampton, and wife of Rev. John Wil- murdered on the road to Canada on the 
liams of Deerfield (who was fon of Dea. fecond day's march by her Indian cap- 
Samuel, of Roxbury, who was eldeft tor. [Savage's Gen. Did. iv : 563; 
fon of Robert) ; was married 21 July, Holland's Hijl. Weji. Mafs. i : 153 ; 
1687 ; taken captive, 29 Feb., 170I ; was Hoyt's Antiq. Refearches, 190.] 

17 129 



[ lOO ] 

purpofe, That if he were Commander in Chief of thefe Prov- 
inces, he would foon put an end to thofe barbarities done 
by the Barbarous Enemy, by making it his whole bufinefs 
to fight and deftroy thofe Salvages, as they did our poor 
Neighbours; which doubtlefs might have been done if 
rightly managed, and that in a fhort time &c. So that 
thefe with the late Inhumanities done upon the Inhabitants 
oi Deei'Jicld, made fuch an Impreffion on his heart as can- 
not w^e II be expreffed; fo that his Bloud boyl'd within him, 
making fuch Impulfes on his Mind, that he forgot all for- 
mer treatments, which were enough to hinder any Man 
efpecially the faid Maj. Church from doing any further 
Service. Notwithftanding [loo] all which, having a mind 
to take fome Satisfa6lion on the Enemy, his heart being 
full. Took his Horfe & went from his own Habitation 
near Seventy Miles,^'^ to wait upon his Excellency, and 
offered his Service to the Queen, his Excellency & the 
Country; which his Excellency readily accepted of, and 
defired Maj. Church to draw a Scheme for the infuing 
a6tion or a6lions; fo taking leave, went home, and drew 
it: which is as followeth. 



2'?i Church was now in the laft year graph, forgot that he had not, at the 

of his refidence at Fall River (then date here referred to, removed, as he 

Tiverton). [Part I. xxxiii.] This is did lb foon after, back to Little Comp- 

bj the prefent direft route fcarcely more ton ; or the Governor might have 

than 51 miles from Bofton ; and the been abfent from Bofton fifteen or 

more circuitous roads then exifting twenty miles northward, at that time, 

could hardly bring it up to 70. I think fo as to have lengthened his journey 

Col. Church, when didlating this para- by that much. 



130 



[ loo ] • 

Tiverton, February 5. 1703, 4. 
May it pleafe your Excellency, 

A Ccording to your requeji when I was lajl with your 
■^ ^ Self ; and in obedience thereunto^ I prefent yoti with 
thefe following lines, that concern the preparation for next 
Springs Expedition, to Attack the Enemy. According to 
my former Direction, for it is good to have a full flroke at 
them firfi, before they have opporttmity to Rtin for it', for 
the firfl of our action will be our opportunity to deflroy them, 
and to prevent their running away, in way-laying every paf- 
fage', a7id make thein know we ar^e in good earncfl, and fo 
we being in a diligent ufe of means, we may hope for a bleff- 
ing from the Almighty, and that He will be p leafed to put a 
dread in their hearts, that they may fall before us and perifJi : 
For my advice is, 

I ft. That Ten or Twelve hundred good able Souldiers, 
well equip'' d be in a readinefs fit for aHioii by the firfl of 
April at the furthe/l, for then will be time to be upon a^ion. 
2ly. That five & forty or fifty good Whale-boats be had 
ready, well fitted, with five good Oars, and 12 or 1^ good 
Paddles to every Boat'. And upon the IVaiP^^ of each Boat 
five pieces of flrong Leather be faflened on each fide to flip 
five fmall Afh bars thro' , that fo when ever they land the 
Me7t may flep over-board, & flip in faid bars a-crofs, and 
take tip faid Boat, that fJie may not be htirt againfl the 
Rocks. And that two fui table Braf Kittles be provided to 

'•272 The xvale is the plank that rims and giving ftrength to its curves. — 
the outfide of the boat, ftiflening it, Totten. 

131 



■ [ loo ] 

belo7ig to each Boat, to dre/s the Mens Vifiuals in, to make 
their Lives comfortable. 

3ly. That \ or 500 pair of good Indian Shoes be made 
ready, fit for the Service, for the Englifh & Indians, that 
miifi improve the Whale-boats, and Birch Canoe's, for they 
will be very proper, and fafe for that Service j and let there 
be a good Store of Cow Hides, well Tanned, for a fipply of 
fuch Shoes; and Hemp to make Thread, and Wax, to mend 
& make more of fuch Shoes, when wanted, and a good fore 
of Awls. 

4ly. That there be a 100 large Hatches ~~^ or light Axes 
made pretty broad, & fieeled with the befi Steel that can be 
got, and made by workmen, that may C2it very well, and hold, 
that the Hemlock knots may not brake nor tzirn them; to 
widden the landing places up the Falls, for it may happen 
that ive may get tip with fome of our Whale-boats to their 
Falls or Head-qtiarters. 

5ly. That there be a fuitable quantity of f mall Bags, or 
Wallets provided, that every Man that wants may have one, 
to put up his Bullets in, of fuch afize as will fit his Gun, 
{and not ferved as at Calco.^^^) That every Mans bag be 
fo Marked that he may not change it : for if fo, it will make 
a great confufion in aH^ion; that every Mans fiore of Ball be 
weighed to him,, that fo he may be accountable, & may not 
fquander it away; and a If o his fiore of Powder, that fo he 

273 Our word "hatchet" comes from he wanted to defcribe, fo that this is 
the diminutive of the French kacke, not a mifprint for " hatchets," but the 
a little axe. Very likelj Church ufed plural of the French, 
the common Canadian name for what 274 See p. 22, ante. 

132 



[lOl] 

may try his Powder & Gun be \\o\\ fore an:ion. Ajtd 
that every particular Compaity may have a Barrel of Pow- 
der to themfelves, and fo marked that it by no means may be 
changed', that m,en may know before hand, and may not be 
cheated out of their Lives, by having bad Powdery Or not 
knowing how to ufe it: and this will prove a great advan- 
tage to the anion. 

61y. That Col John Gorham, if he may be prevailed with 
may be co7icerned in the management of the Whale-boats, he 
having beeit formerly concerned in the Eaftern Parts, and 
experienced in that affair. And Whale-men then will be 
very ferviceable in this Expedition, which having a promife 
made to them, that they f tail be releafed in good feafo7i to go 
home a Whaling in the Fall', your Excellency will have men 
enough. 

7ly. That there may be raifed for this Service 300 Indians 
at leafl, & more if they may be hadj for I know certainly of 
m.y own knowledge, that they exceed mofi of our Englifh in 
hunting & fculking iji the woods, being ahuays us'd to it; 
and it m^ift be praHifed if ever we intend to defiroy thofe 
^Indian Enemies. 

Sly. That the Souldiers already out Eaftward in the Ser- 
vice; By m.en of known judgment may take a furvey of them 
and their Arms; and fee if their Arms be good, and that they 
know how to ufe them, infJiootting right at a Mark; and that 
they be men of good Reafon & Sence, to hiow how to manage 
themfelves in fo difficult a piece of Service, as this Indian 
hunting is; for bad m.en are but a clogg and hindrance to 

133 



[lOl] 

aji Army, being a trouble and vexation to good Commanders, 
aftd/o m,any Mouths to devour the Cotmtries Provijion, and 
a hindrance to all good action. 

<^\y. That fpecial care be had iji taking up the whale-boats^ 
that they be good and Jit for that Service', that fo the Coun- 
try be not cheated, as formerly, in having rotten-Boats^ and 
as mtich care that the Ozvners may have good fatisfa^ion for 
them. 

loly. That the Tenders or Tranfports, Veffels to be im- 
proved in this a5lion be good Decli'd Vejfels, not too big, 
becaufe of going up feveral Rivers; having ^ or 6 fmall 
Guns a-picce for defence, a7id the fetuer Men will defend 
them. And there is e^iough fuch Vejfels to be had. 

Illy. To conclude all, If your Excellency will be pleafed 
to make your Self Great and us a happy People, as to the 
deflroying of our Enemies, and eafing of our Taxes, &c. be 
pleafed to draw forth all thofe Forces now in Pay in all the 
Eaflward Parts, both at Saco & Cafco-Bay; for thofe two 
Trading- Hotifes never did any good, 7tor never will, and are 
not worthy the name of Queens Forts; and the firfl building 
of them, had no other Effefl, but to lay us tinder Tribute to 
that wreached Pagan Crezu; and I hope will never be 
wanted, for that they were firfl built for: btit fure it is, they 
are very ferviceable to them, for they get many a good ad- 
vantage of us to de/lroy our Men, and latigh at tis for our 
folly, that we fiiould be at fo much cofi & troiible to do a 
thing that does us fo much harin, and no manner of good : 
but to the contrary, when they fee all our Forces drawn 

134 



[l02] 

forth, and i7i the purfuit of them, They will think that zue 
begin to be rouzcd up a7id to be awake, and will not be fatis- 
fied ivith ivhat they have pleased to leave 2is, but are rcfolved to 
Retake from them, that they formerly took from us, and drive 
them out of their Country alfo. The which being done, then 
to build a Fort at a fuitable time and in a convenient place', 
and it [102] will be very honourable to yotir Excellency & of 
great Service to Her Majefiy, & to the enlargei7tent of her 
Majefiys Government: {The Place ineant being at Port 
Roj-al.) 

izly. That the objeflion made agai^ifi drawing off the 
Forces in the Eaftward Parts will be no da^nage to the in- 
habitants', for former Experience teacheth us, that fo foon 
as drawn into their -Country they will prefejitly forfake ours 
to take care of their own'. And that there be no failure i^i 
making preparation of thefe things afore-mentioned, for 
many times the zvant of fnall things, prevent the compleat- 
ing of great Actions', and that every thing be in a readinefs 
before the Forces be raifed, to preve^it Charges', and the 
Enemy having Intelligence'. And that the Gejieral Court be 
moved to make fuitable A5ls, for the incouraging both Eng- 
lifli & Indians; that fo men of btcjinef may freely offer 
Effates and Conce^nis to Serve the Publick. 

This hoping what I have taken the pains to Write ijt the 
fincerity of my heart and good affeftzon, will be well ac- 
cepted; I make bold to fubfcribe, as I am your Excellency'' s 
moff Devoted aitd Humble Servant, 

Benjamin Church. 
135 



• [ I02 ] 

Then returning to his Excellency prefented the faid 
Scheme, which his Excellency approv'd of; and return'd 
it again to Maj. Church and delired him to fee that every 
thing was provided telling him that he fhould have an 
Order from the CommifTary General to proceed. Then 
returned home and made it his whole bufinefs to provide 
Oars and Paddles and a Veflel to carry them round; and 
then return'd again to his Excellency, w^ho gave him a 
Commiffion: which is as followeth. 

JOSEPH DUDLEY Efq;^'" Captain General and 
Governo7ir in Chief in aitd over Her Majejlfs Prov- 
inces of the Maflachufetts-Bay & New-Hampfhire in 
New-England i7i America, and Vice Admiral of the 
fame. 

To Benjamin Church Efqr\ Greeting. 

Y Virtue of the Power & Authority in & by her 
' M jefty's Royal Commiffion to me granted I do by 

* thefe prefents, Repofmg fpecial Truft and Confidence in 
' your Loyalty, Courage and good Conduct, Conftitute and 

* Appoint you to be Colonel of all the Forces raifed and to 

^■JS Jofeph Dudley was Ion of Gov. lile of Wight eight years ; came home 

Thomas, of Roxbury; freeman, 1672; 1702, as Governor of Mafs. Col., which 

Deputy, 1673-5; Artillery Company, place he filled until Nov. 1715; died 

1677 ; Afliftant, 1676-S5 ; went to Eng- 2 April, 1720. His wife was Rebecca, 

land in 1682; Prefident of the Colonies dau. of Edward Tyng; they had 

of Mafs. and N. Hamp., 1686; was of Thomas, Edward, Jofeph, Paul, Sam- 

Andros's Council, and Chief Juftice of uel, John, Rebecca, Catharine, Ann, 

the unconftitutional Supreme Court; William, Daniel, Catharine, and Mary, 

was imprifoned here ; went to England [Savage's Gen. Di(^. ii : 76 ; N. E. 

in 1689; was Deputy Governor of the Hijl. and Gen. Reg. i: 71.] 



[ I03 ] 

* be raifed for Her Majefty's Service againft the French & 
'■ Indian Enemy and Rebels, that fhall be improved in the 
'■ Service to the Eajiward of Cafco-Bay; And to be Cap- 
' tain of the firft Company of the faid Forces. You are 
' therefore carefully and diligently to perform the Duty of 
' a Colonel and Captain, by Leading, Ordering & Exer- 
' cifing the faid Regiment & Company in Arms, both In- 
' feriour Officers & Souldiers; and to keep them in good 
' Order and Difcipline. Hereby commanding them to 
' Obey you as their Colonel and Captain; And v^ith them 
' to do and Execute all a6ts of hoflility againft the faid 
' Enemy & Rebels. And you are to obferve & follow 

* fuch Orders and Dire6lions as you fhall receive from my 
' Self or other your Superiour Officer, according to the 
' Rules & Difcipline of War, purfuant to the Truft repofed 
' in you. Given under my Hand & Seal at Arms at B0JI071 
' the \Wi day oi March. In the Third Year of Her Ma- 

* jefty's Reign. An^io Dom. 1703, 4. 

By his Excelle7icy\ Command, Ifaac Addington Seer. 

J. DUDLEY. [103] 

Col. Church no fooner received his Commiffion, but 
proceeded to the railing of Men Volunteers, by going into 
ever}^ Town within the three Counties which was formerly 
Plymouth Government j^^*^ advifing with the Chief Officer 

2'?6 When Plymouth Colony was Accord Pond plantation [Abington]) ; 

merged in Maflachufetts, in 1692, it ^r//?o/ County (including Taunton, Re- 

comprifed P/j'Wf^w/// County (including hoboth, Dartmouth, Swanlea, Briftol, 

Plymouth, Duxbury, Scituate, Marlh- Little Compton, Freetown, and Pocaf- 

field, Bridgewater, Middleborough, and fet [Tiverton]) ; and Barnjiable County 

iS 137 



[ I03 ] 

of each Company, to call his Company together, that fo he 
might have the better opportunity to difcourfe & incoiir- 
age them to Serve their Queen and Country; treating 
them with Drink convenient; told them he did not doubt 
but w^ith God's blefling to bring them all home again; all 
which, with many other arguments animated their hearts 
to do Service, fo that Col. Church enlifted out of fome 
Companies near 20 Men, & others 15. He having raifed 
a fufEcient number oi EngliJJi Souldiers, proceeded to the 
enlifting of Indians in all thofe parts where they dwelt, 
which was a great fategue & expence; being a People 
that need much treating, efpecially with Drink &c. Hav- 
ing enlifted the moft of his Souldiers in thofe parts, who 
daily lay upon him; was not lefs than 5 /. per day ex- 
pences, fome days, in Victuals & Drink; who doubtlefs 
thought (efpecially the Englijli) that the Country would 
have re-imburfl it again, otherways they would hardly 
accepted it of him. Col. Church^'s, Souldiers both E^igli/Ii 
and hidians in thofe parts being raifed, March'd them all 
down to Nantasket^''' according to his Excellency's direc- 
tions; where being came, the following Gentlemen were 
Commiffionated to be Commanders of each particular Com- 
pany, viz Lieut. Col. Gorham, Captains J^ohn Brown^'^ 

(including Barnftable, Sandwich, Yar- favorably fituated toward Bofton har- 

mouth, Eaftham, Rochefter, Falmouth, bor — of whofe entrance its Point Al- 

Malhpee, and Monamoy or Chatham). lerton is one of the gatepofts — for the 

[Bajlies's Plynn. Col. Part IV : 97.] embarkation of troops. 

277 Nantajket was what is now Hull, -''* John Broxvn was " approved as 

acceffible by land over the neck which Captain of the town of Swanfey, 4 June, 

m^Uoc ,•(- tQ Hingham and Cohaffet, and 1686." [Plym. Col. Rec. vi : 189.] 

13S 



[io3] 



Conjlant Church^'^ James Cole,^'' John Dyer,^^' JoJm Cook, 
Caleb William/on^''' and Edward Church^''' of the Forces 
raifed by Col. Church, each Company being filled up with 
EngliJIi & Indians as they agreed among themfelves, and 
by the Colonel's dire6lions; Capt. Lamb^^^ and Capt. 
Miricks ^'^ Company, who were raifed by his Excellency's 
dire6lion, were ordered to joyn thofe aforefaid under the 
Command of Col Church. Matters being brought thus 
far on, Col. Church waited upon his Excellency at Bojion 
to know his pleafure, what further meafures were to be 
taken; and did humbly move that they might have liberty 
in their Inftru6lions to make an Attack upon Port Royal \^^^ 
Being very well fatisfyed in his opinion, that with the 
bleffing of God, with what Forces they had or fhould 
have; and Whale-boats fo well fitted with Oars & Pad- 



2''9 See references to his name in the 
Index of Part I. 

280 yames Cole was admitted freeman 
of Swanfea, 1682 ; Enfign, 1686 : Lieu- 
tenant, 1689 5 I^eputy, 1690. \^Plyvi. 
Col. Rec. vi : 86, 189, 223, 240.] 

281 I cannot certainly identify this 
captain ; nor Cooh, next named. 

282 Caleb William/on, of Barnftable, 
was perhaps fon of Timothy of Marlh- 
field ; married Mary Cobb ; had Mary, 
William, Timothy, Sarah, Ebenezer, 
Mercy, and Martha. He removed to 
Hartford, Conn., where he died 24 Dec, 
1738, cet. 87. [Savage's Gen. Di^. iv : 

572-] 

283 [See Part I. xliv.] 

281 Col. JoJIlua Lamb, fon of Thomas 
of Roxbury, in 1713, one of the firft 



proprietors of Leicefter.? [Barry's Hiji. 
Framingham., 311; Walhburn's HiJl. 
Leicejier, 9, 10.] 

285 Tliere was an Ifaac Mirick, fon 
of James of Newbury, who was now, 
if ahve, near 40 years old ; having been 
born 6 Jan., 1665. [Coffin's HiJi. iVew- 
^?<ry, 310.] This captain's name further 
on is feen to have been Ifaac (p. 119, 
orig. paging.) 

286 Port Royal was a fort upon the 
inlet of that name almoft due fouth 
from the outlet of the St. John, acrofs 
the Bay of Fundy, which is here fome 
two leagues wide. It was named by 
De Mojits, and was exceedingly diffi- 
cult of accefs becaufe of the narrownefs 
of the mouth of the bay ; only one 
Ihip being able to enter at a time, and 



139 



[i04] 

dies, as they had with them, might be fufficient to have 
taken it. His Excellency (looking upon Col ChurcJt) re- 
plyed. He could not admit of that, by reafon he had by the 
advice of Her Majefty's Council writ to Her Majefly about 
the taking of Port Royal Fort, and how it fhould be dif- 
pofed of when taken, &c. However Col. Church pro- 
ceeding to get every thing ready for the Forces down at 
Nantasket^ which was the place of Parade. He happen- 
ing one day to be at Capt. Belchers^^^ where his Excel- 
lency happened to come; who was pleafed to order Col. 
Church to put on his Sword, and walk with him up the 
Common; which he readily complyed with: where being 
come, he faw two Mortar pieces with Shells, and an In- 
gineer trying with them, to throw a Shell from them to 
any [104] fpot of ground where he faid it fhould fall: 
Which when Col. Church had feen done, gave him great 
incouragement & hopes that it would promote their going 
\.o Port Royal ^v^YvicYv he had folicited for; and returning 
from thence after they had feen them try'd by the faid 
Ingineer, and performing what was propofed. Coming 
near to Capt. Williain Clarks'^^^ -\iOvSQ^ over againft the 

that ftern foremoft, and with great pre- 1717. He married Sarah, dau. of Jona- 

cautions. [Champlain's Voyages., 21; than Gilbert, of Hartford; had Andrew, 

Shea's Charlevoix, i : 253.] Deborah, Deborah, Mary, Ann, Mar- 

287 Andrezv Belcher (Part I. notes 52 tha, Elizabeth, and Jonathan, the 

and 13S) was fon of Andrew, of Sud- Governor. He was a " very rich and 

bury and Cambridge ; lived firft at leading man in the town." [Savage's 

Hartford, then at Chai-leftown, and then Gen. Di6i. i : 156. Drake's Hiji. Boji. 

at Bofton ; freeman, 1677 ; of Com. of i : 539.] 

Safety in the Andros Infurredtion ; '-^88 William Clarke was "of North 

Counfellor, 1702, to his death, 31 Odl., Bofton" in 1699, and one of the peti- 

140 



[io4] 

Horfe-fhoe,^^^ his Excellency was invited by Capt. Clark 
to walk over and take a Glafs of Wine; which he was 
plealed to accept of, and took Col. Church with him; and 
in the time they were taking a Glafs of Wine, Col. Church 
once more prefumed to fay to his Excellency; Sir, I hope 
that now we fhall go to Port Royal in order to take it; 
thofe Mortars being very fuitable for fuch an Enterprize. 
His Excellency was pleas'd to reply; Col. Church you 
muft fay no more of that matter, for the Letter I told you 
of I writ by the advice of her Majefty's Council, now lyes 
at home on the board before the Lords Commiffioners of 
her Majefty's foraign Plantations, &c. After fome days 
every thing being ready to Embark, Col. Church received 
his Inftru6lions : which are as followeth. 

By his Excellency JOSEPH DUDLEY Efq; Captain 

General and Governour in Chief iji and over Her 

Majejlfs Province of the MafTachufetts-Bay, &c. in 

New-England, and Vice Admiral of the fame. 

jJuStVUCttonS fo^ Colonel Benjamin Church in the prefent 

Expedition. 
' TN Purfuance of the CommifQon given you to take the 
-■- ' Chief Command of the Land and Sea Forces by me 
' raifed, equipped and fet forth on Her Majeflies Service, 

tioners for a bankrupt law "as in Church. [Drake's Hijl. Bojl. i: 518, 
England"; conftable, 1700; 1711, a 521,540,567; Snow's //^?y?. ^(?/?. 220.] 
"fearcher " for provifions for Hovenden 289 The " Horfe-lhoe " was a tavern. 

Walker's Canada fleet; 1722, was one believed to have been at the North 
of the purchafers of pews in Chrift's End. 

141 



[ I05 ] 

* againft her open declared Enemies the French, and hi- 
' dia7i Rebels. You are to Obferve the following Inflruc- 
' tions. 

' Firft. You are to take care, That the duties of Reli- 
' gion be attended on board the feveral Veffels, and in the 
'• feveral Company's under your Command, by daily Pray- 
' ers unto God, and Reading his holy word; And that the 
' Lords Day be obferved & duly San6lifyed to the utmoft 
' of your power, as far as the circumflances and the necef- 
' lity of the Service can admit; that fo you may have the 
' prefence of God with, and obtain His Bleffing on your 
' Undertaking. 

' You are to take care, That your Souldiers have their 
Mue allowance of Provilions & other neceffaries; That 

* their Arms be well fixt, and kept fit for Service, and that 
^ they be furnifhed with a fuitable Quantity of Powder and 

* Ball, and be alwayes in readinefs to pafs upon duty. 

'That good Order & Difcipline be maintained; And 
' all diforders, drunkennefs, prophane Swearing, Curling, 
' Omiffion or negle6t of Duty, difobedience to Officers, 

* Mutiny, Defertion, and Sedition be duely punifhed ac- 

* cording to the Rules & Articles of War; The which you 
*" are, once a Month or oftner, to caufe to be publifhed & 
' made known to your Officers and Souldiers for their 
' Obfervance & Dire6tion in their duty. Let notorious & 
' Capital Offenders be fent away to the next Garifons, there 
' to be Imprifoned until they can be proceeded with. [105] 

* Let the Sick and wounded be carefully look'd after, 

143 



[ '05 ] 

and accommodated after the bell manner your circum- 
ftances will admit of, and be fent either to Cafco Fort, or 
to Mr. Pepcrels~^^ at Kittery, which may be eafiefl, fo 
foon as you can. 

' You are forthwith to fend awa}^ the Forces & Stores 
by the Tranfports, with the Whale-boats to Pi/cataqtta, 
on Kittery lide, there to attend your coming; whither 
you are to follow them with all Expedition. 

' You are to Embark on the Province Galley, Capt. 
Southack Commander, And let Lieut Col. Go7^ham go on 
board Capt. Gallop; "^^ who are both dire6led to attend your 
Motion on the French lide; after which they are to return. 
Let the Commanders of all the Store Sloops & Tranfports 
know that they Sail, Anchor and Serve at your direction. 

' When you Sail from Pifcataqtta, keep at fuch diftance 
off the Shoar, that you be not obferved by the Enemy to 
Alarm them. Stop at Montiniciis^^^ and there Embark 
the Forces in the Whale-boats for the Main, to range 
that part of the Country, in fearch of the Enemy, to 
Mount Defart'y fending the Veffels to meet you there; 
and after having refrefhed & recruited your Souldiers, 

290 William Pefperell was a native [Sir] William. [Savage's Gen. Di)5i. 

of 'Cornwall, Eng. ; emigrated to the iii. 392 ; Williamfon's Hijl. Me. i : 687.] 

Ifles of Shoals, 1676 ; thence removed '-"^ Samuel Gallop, fon of Samuel, 

to Kitterj point, Me., where he carried and grandfon of John, of Bofton.? 

on a large fifhery; was a diftingiiiflied '^^'•^ Alatinicus is an ifland oft'thecoaft 

merchant and magiftrate, and died of Maine, early inhabited; containing 

15 Feb., 1734, cBl. 85. He married 750 acres. It is 17 miles S. E. of 

Margaret, dau. of John Bray, of Kit- Owl's Head (Thomafton), and 10 E. 

tery; had Andrew, Mary, Margery, of Mctinic. [Williamfon's Hiji. Me. 

Joanna, Meriam, Dorothy, Jane, and i : 63.] 

H3 



[i°S] 

* proceed to Mac/iias, and from thence to P ajfmnequado j 
' And having Effe6led what fpoils you poffibly may upon 
' the Enemy in thofe parts, Embark on your Veffels for 
' Menis and Signe£lo^ touching at Grand Mana?i, if you 
' fee caufe, and from Menis & SigneSIo to Porl Royal Gut; 
' And ufe all poffible Methods for the burning and deftroy- 
' ing of the Enemies Houling, and breaking the Dams of 
' their Corn grounds in the faid feveral places, and make 

* what other Spoils you can upon them, and bring away 
'the Prifoners. In your return call d±,Pe7tob/cot, and do 
' what you can there, and fo proceed Weftward. 

' This will probably imploy you a Month or Six Weeks; 

* when you will draw together again, and by the latter end 
' of yune confider whither you can march to Norrigzuack, 
' or other parts of their Planting to deftroy their Corn & 
' Settlements: And keep the Expedition on foot until the 
' middle of Augti/i next. 

' Notwithftanding the particularity of the afore-going 

* Inftru6lion, I lay you under no reftraint, becaufe I am 
' well affured of your Courage, Care, Caution and Induflry; 
' But refer you to your own Refolves, by the Advice of 

* your Commiffion Officers, not under the degree of Cap- 
' tain's, and the Sea-Commiffion Captains (whom you will, 

* as often as you can, Advife with) according to the Intel- 

* ligence you may receive, or as you may find needful upon 
' the Spot. 

' You are by every opportunity, and once a Week cer- 
' tainly, by fome means, either by way of Ca/co, Pifcata- 

144 



i 
i 



[io6] 

* ^ua, or otherwife to acquaint me of your proceedings 
' and all occurrents, and what may be further neceffary for 

* the Service. And to obferve fuch further & other In- 
' ftru6lions as you fhall receive from my Self. [io6] 

^ As often as you may, Advife with Capt. Smith ^^^ and 
Capt. Rogers'^^^ Commanders of Her Majefty's Ships. 
' Let your Minifter, Commiflary & Surgeons be treated 
with juft refpe6ls. 

I Pray to God to preferve, profper and fucceed you. 
* Given under my hand at Bojlon, the Fourth Day of 
' May, 1 704. J. D UDL EY. 

Purfuant to his Inflru6lions he fent away his Tranfports, 
and Forces to Pifcataqua, but was oblig'd himfelf to wait 
upon his Excellency by Land to Pifcataqua in order to 
raife more Forces, in the way thither; and did raife a 
Company under the Command of Capt. Harridon\ ^^^ taking 
care alfo to provide a Pilot for them in the Bay oi Ftindee'. 

Col. Church being directed to one Fellows,^^^ whom 

he met with at Ipfwich. And going from thence to Pif- 

293 Thojiias, commander of the frig- " Montague " in the expedition to Cati- 
z.teyer/ey. [Drake's C//«;-c// (ed. 1827), ada, for which fervice he received an 
257.] allowance from the General Court, 1714 ; 

294 George, commander of the frigate died 11 Nov., 1724. He married Sarah 
Gofport. \^Ibid.'\ Giddings, by whom he had feveral chil- 

295 John Haradeu (^Harradin, Har- dren. [Babfon's Hijl. Gloucejley, 98.] 
rendine) was fon of Edward, who went 296 Willia7n Fellotvs was one of the 
to Gloucefter from Ipfwich 1657 ; he firft fettlers of Ipfwich, and left a large 
led a maritime life ; 1709, was mafter of family, from which this pilot was prob- 
a floop fitted out to capture a French ably defcended. [Felt's Htji. Ipjzvich, 
privateer; 1711, he was pilot of fhip 11.] 

19 H5 



[io6] 

cataqua with his Excellenc}^, was there met by that worthy 
Gentleman Maj. Winthrop Hilton;''^'' who was very helpful 
to him in the whole Expedition, whofe Name & Memory 
ought not to be forgot. Being ready to Embark from 
Pifcataq7ia\ Col. CJmrch requefled the Commanders of her 
Majefty's Ships, Capt. Smith & Capt. Rogers to tarry at 
Pifcataqtia a Fortnight, that fo they might not be dif- 
covered by the Enemy before he had done fome fpoil upon 
them. Then moving in their Tranfports, as directed, Got 
fafe into Montinuais undifcovered by the Enemy. Next 
Morning early fitted out two Whale boats with men, Capt. 
John Cook in one, and Capt. Conjlant Church in the other; 
and fent them to Green-Ifland ^^^ upon a difcovery; and 
coming there they parted, one went to one part, and the 
other to the other part, that fo they might not mifs of what 
could be difcovered; where they met with old Lafaure'^'^^ 
with his two Sons Thomas & Timothy, and a Canada 
Indian. The Enemy feeing that they were difcovered, 
threw down their Ducks and Eggs, who had got a con- 



297 Winthrop Hilton was fon of orah, Elizabeth, Bridget, and Win- 
Edward of Exeter, and grandfon of throp. [iV. E. Hijl. afid Gen. Reg: 
Edward of Dover; born about 1671 ; vii : 51.] 

was the leading military man of the 298 There are two "Green" iflands 

Province; 1706, was made Judge of N. E. of il/a//;«««, and near to it, each 

Com. Pleas, which office he held to his of 2 or 3 acres only, 

death; was appointed Counfellor, but 299 Penhallow calls him '■'■ Monjieur 

was killed by the Indians, 23 June, 1710, Lafeburc^ and his two fons, with a 

in that part of Exeter which is now Canada Indian." {^Indiati Wars (ed. 

Epping. He married Ann Wilfon, who 1S59), 28.] Church himfelf calls him 

afterwards married Col. Jonathan Wad- Le Faver, further on (p. no, old pa- 

leigh. They had Judith, Ann, Deb- ging). 

146 



[io7] 

liderable quantity of each, and ran to their Canoo's, getting 
into them, flood dire6tly for the Maine; looking behind 
them, perceived the Whale-boats to gain fo faft upon 
them, clapt lide by fide and all four got into one Canoo, 
which prov'd of little advantage to them, for the Whale 
boats gained fo much upon them, and got fo near that 
Capt. Cook firing at the Stores-man ^"'^ which was the 
Indian, & happen'd to graze his skull, and quite fpoil'd 
his Paddling: upon which old Lafaure and Sons feeing 
their companions condition foon beg'd for quarter, and 
had it granted: the two Captains with their fuccefs pre- 
fently return'd to their Commander, taking care that their 
Captives fhould not difcourfe together before they were 
examined ; when brought to Col. Church, he order'd them 
to be apart; and firfi; proceeded to examine old Lafaure, 
who he found to be very furly & crofs, fo that he could 
gain no manner of intelligence by him; upon which the 
Commander was refolved to put in practice what he had 
formerly done at Segne5lo\^'^^ ordering his Indians to make 
two large heaps of dry wood at fome difi:ance one from 
the other, and to fet a large flake in the ground clofe to 
[107] each heap; then ordered the two Sons Thomas & 
Timothy to be brought and bound to the Stakes; alfo 
ordering his Indians to paint themfelves with colours 
which they had brought for that ufe. Then he Colonel 
proceeded to examine firfi; Timothy, and told him. He 

300 Steerfman; i.e., the paddler in ^oi Stiles and Southwick reprint this 

the ftern of the canoe. Senedo. 

147 



[io7] 

had examin'd his Father alread}^; and that if he told him 
the truth he would fave his Life, and take him into his 
Service ; and that he fhould have good pay & live well. 
He anfwer'd,' That he would tell him the truth; and gave 
him an account of every thing he knew; which was all 
Minuted down : He being ask'd whither his Brother 
Thomas did not know more than he? His anfwer was, 
Yes. For his Brother Thomas had a Commiffion fent 
him from the Governour of Canada, to Command a Com- 
pany of Indians who were gathered together at a Place 
•where fome French Gentlemen lately arrived from Cana- 
da, who were Officers to Command the reft that were to 
go Weflward to fight the EngliJIi, and that there was fent 
to his Father and Brother Tom, a conliderable quantity of 
Flower, Fruit, Ammunition and Stores, for the fupply of 
the faid Army. He being ask'd, Whither he could Pilot 
our Forces to them? faid. No: But his Brother Tor.i 
could, for he had hid it and that he was not then with 
him. The Colonel ask'd him. What Gentlemen thofe 
were that came from Canada} He anfwered Monfieur 
Gordan^^"^ and Mr. Sharkee?^'^ Being ask'd where they 
were ? Anfwered at Pajfamequado; building a Fort there. 
Being alfo ask'd, What number of India^is and French 

302 Penhallow (ed. 1859, P- 29) makes ^03 Penhallow fays Sharkee (his name 

this Giiorden ; Stiles and Southwick feems to have been Chartiers [Hutchin- 

make it Gourdati ; and Church, when fon's Hijl. Mafs. ii : 133]) was taken 

referring (p. no, old paging) to his prifoner by this expedition; which, it 

capture, does the fame. The name will be feen further on, is an error. Col. 

was probably Go?i'/'rftf«. [Hutchinfon's Church having "miffed" him on this 

Hift. Mafs. ii : 133.] foray. \_Indicm Wars, 29.] 

148 



[io7] 

there were at Penobfcot ? He anfwered, there were feve- 
ral Families, but they liv'd fcattering. Ask'd him further, 
If he would Pilot our Forces thither/ Anfwered, He 
would if the Commander would not let the Salvages Roll 
him. Upon which the Colonel ordered him to be loofed 
from the Stake, and took him by the hand, told him, He 
would be as kind to him as his own Father; at which he 
feemed to be very thankful. And then the Colonel pro- 
ceeded to examine his Brother Tom, and told him that he 
had examined his Father and Brother, and that his Brother 
had told him every tittle he knew; and that he knew more 
than his Brother Timothy did; and that if he would be In- 
genious & confefs all he knew, he fhould fare as well as 
his Brother, but if not, the Salvages fhould Roft him. 
Whereupon he folemnly promifed that he would; and that 
he would Pilot him to every thing he knew, to the value 
of a Knife and Sheafe (which without doubt he did.) 
Then the Colonel immediately gave orders for the Whale- 
boats to be ready, and went dire6lly over where the faid 
Goods & Stores were, and found them as inform'd, took 
them on board the Boats, and returned to their Tranfports; 
and ordering Provifions to be put into every Mans Snap- 
fack for 6 or 8 days; fo in the dusk of the Evening left 
their Tranfports, with Orders how they fhould a6l; and 
went direftly for the Mainland of Penobfcot, and Mouth of 
that River with their Pilots Tom & Timothy, who carried 
them dire6lly to every Place & Habitation both of French 
& Indians there-abouts, with the affiftance of one De 

149 



[io8] 

[io8] Young^^^ whom they carried out oi Bojion Goal for the 
fame purpofe, who was very ferviceable to them: being 
there we kill'd and took every one both French & Indians^ 
not knowing that any one did .efcape in all Penobfcot\ 
among thofe that were taken was St. Cajleens Daughter, 
who faid that her Husband was gone to France^ to her 
Father Monfieur Cq/leen:^^'" She having her Children with 
her, the Commander was very kind to her and them. All 
the Prifoners that were then taken, held to one Story in 
general, which they had from Laf mire's Sons; that there 
were no more Indians there-abouts, but enough of them 
at PaJJamegtiado', upon which they foon return'd to their 
Tranfports with their Prifoners & Plunder. The Com- 
mander giving order immediately for the Souldiers in the 
Whale-boats to have a recruit of Provifions for a further 
purfuit of the Enemy, giving orders to the Tranfports to 
ftay a few days more there, and then go to Mount Defart 
(and there to ftay for her Majefhy's Ships, who were di- 
re6led to come thither) and there to wait his further order. 
Then Col. Church with his Forces immediately imbark'd 
on board their Whale-boats, & proceeded to fcour the 
Coaft, and to try if they could difcover any of the Enemy 
coming from P ajjfamequado \ making their flops in the day 
time (at all the Points & Places where they were certain 

3D4 Penhallow (orig. ed. 17) has this D. Toung. The man was doubtlefs a 
name D' Toung; which in the reprint French Canadian priibner; probably 
of the New Hampfhire Hiftorical So- one of Villeau's men. [See note 195, 
ciety {Colledions, i: 33), and in the ante.'] 
Cincinnati reprint of 1859, i^ made ^"^ See note 34, ante. 

ISO 



[io8] 

the Enemy would Land, or come by with their Canoo's) 
and at Night to their Paddles. Then coming near where 
the Veffels were ordered to come, having made no dif- 
covery of the Enemy, went dire6tly to Mount Defart, 
where the Tranfports were juft come; and taking fome 
Provifions for his Souldiers, gave dire6tion for the Ships 
& Tranfports in 6 days to come directly to PaJ/hmegtiado, 
where they fhould find him & his Forces. Then imme- 
diately mov'd away in the Whale-boats & made diligent 
fearch along fhore, as formerly, infpe6ting all Places where 
the Enemy was likely to lurk: Particularly at Machias; 
but found neither Fires nor Tracks. Coming afterwards 
to the Weft Harbour at Pajfamequado, where they entred 
upon a6tion; an account whereof Col. CJmrch did com- 
municate to his Excellency, being as followeth. 

May it pleafe your Excellency, 

* T Received Yours of this Inftant O^ob. ()lk. with the 
-■- ' two inclofed Informations, that concern my a6lions 

'at PaJ/ameqtiado] which I will give a juft and true ac- 
' count of as near as poffible I can {viz) on the "jtk oi Jtme 

* laft 1704. In the evening we entred in at the Weftward 
'Harbour at faid Pajfamequado','^'^^ coming up faid Har- 
' hour to an Ifland,^"^ where landing, we came to a French 

306 There are three paffages into Paf- weft Quoddy head and the ifland of 
famaquoddy bay, the weftern, the mid- Campo-bello. 

die or ftiip channel, and the eaftern. 307 Moofe iiland, on which Eaftport 

The weftern is that firft reached in nowftands? The lay of the land fug- 
coafting from Machias, and lies between gefts that it might be that. 

151 



[io9] 

* houfe, and took a French Woman, and Children, the 

* Woman upon her Examination faid, her Husband was 
' abroad a Fifhing I ask'd her, whither there were any 
'•Indians thereabouts? She faid. Yes. There were a 
' great man}'', and feveral on that Ifland. I ask'd her, 
'whither fhe could Pilot me to them/ Said, No. They 
' hid in the Woods. I ask'd her, when fhe faw them ? 
' Anfwered, Juft now, or a little while fmce. I ask'd [109] 
' her, whether fhe knew where they had laid their Canoo's ? 
' Anfwered, No. They carried their Canoo's into the 
' woods with them. We then haftened away a-long fhore, 
' feizing what Prifoners we could, taking old LotrieP^^ and 
' his Family. This intelligence caus'd me to leave Col. 

* Gorham, and a confiderable part of my Men (and Boats) 
' with him at that Ifland, partly to guard and fecure thofe 
' Prifoners, being fenfible it would be a great trouble to 
' have them to fecure and guard at our next landing, where 
' I did really expert, and hope to have an opportunity, to 
^ fvght our Indian Enemies; for all our French Prifoners, 
' that we had taken at Penod/cot, and a-long fhore had in- 
' formed us. That when we came to the Place, where thefe 
' Canada Gentlemen lived, we fhould certainly meet with 
' the Salvages to fight us, thofe being the only Men that 
' fet the Indians againfl us, or upon us, and were newly 
' come from Canada^ to manage the War againfl us (plead- 
' ing in this account and information their own Innocency) 
' and partly in hopes that he the faid Col. Gorham would 

3"^ See note 255, ante. 
152 



[109] 

' have a good opportunity in the Morning to deftroy fome 
' of thofe our Enemies, (we were informed by the faid 
' French Woman as above,) with the ufe of his Boats, as 
' I had given direaion. Ordering alfo Maj. Ni/^on, to pafs 
' over to the next Ifland, that lay Eaft of us ''' (with a fmall 
' Party of Men and Boats) to furprize & deftroy any of the 
' Enemy, that in their Canoo's might go here or there, 
* from any place, to make their flight from us, and as he 
' had opportunity to take any Fre7ic/i Prifoners. We then 
' immediately moved up the River in the dark Night thro' 
' great difficulty, by reafon of the Eddys and Whirlpools, 
' made with the fiercenefs of the current.^" And here it 
' may be hinted that we had information that Lo^rzel had 
' loft fome of his Family paffing over to the next Ifland, 
' falling into one of thefe Eddys were drowned; which the 
' two Pilots told to difcourage me. But I faid nothing of 
' that nature ftiall do it; for I was refolved to venture up, 
' and therefore forthwith Paddling our Boats, as privately 
' as we could, and with as much expedition as we could 
' make with our Paddles, and the help of a ftrong Tide, we 
' came up to Monfieur Gourdans, a little before day; where 
' taking notice of the Shoar, and finding it fomewhat open 
' and ckar, I ordered Capt. Mirick and Capt. Cole, (having 
< Englifli Companies) to tarry with feveral of the Boats to 
' be "ready, that if any of the Enemy fliould come down 

309 Deer iOand? thefe narrow inlets from the Schoodic^^ 

310 The tide rifes here from 24 to 2S or St. Croix river makes " eddys, ^ 
feet, and, except at favorable hours, the " whirlpools," and " a fierce current, 
ru(h of waters coming down through as Church defcnbes it. 

20 153 



[no] 

* out of the brufh into the Bay, (it being very broad in 
' that place) ^^^ with their Canoo's, they might take and 
' deftroy them. Ordering the remainder of the Army, 
^ being landed,^'^ (with m}^ felf and the other Officers) 

* to March up into the Woods, with a wide Front, and 

* to keep at a confiderable diflance; for that if they fhould 
' run in heaps, the Enemy would have the greater advan- 
*tage: and further dire6ling them that if poffible, they 

* fhould deflroy the Enemy with their Hatches, and not 

* fire a Gun. This order I alwayes gave at landing, tell- 
' ing them the inconveniency of firing, in that it might be 
' firft dangerous [no] to themfelves, they being many of 
' them Young Souldiers, (as I had fometimes obferved, 
' that one or two Guns being fired, many others would 
' fire, at they knew not what; as happened prefently after) 

' and it would alarm the Eneni}^, and give them the oppor- 
^ tunity to make their efcape; and it might alarm the whole 
' Country, and alfo prevent all further a6lion from taking 
^ effe6t Orders being thus paiTed, we moved dire6lly 
' towards the Woods, Le Paver's Son directing us to a 

* little Hutt or Wigwam, which we immediately fur- 
' rounded with a few Men, the reft Marching direftly up 
' into the Woods, to fee what Wigwams or Hutts they 
' could difcover; my felf made a little flop. Ordering the 
' Pilot to tell them in the Hutt, that they were furrounded 

311 They had now emerged from the ^'2 Thej muft have landed upon what 

narrow weftern entrance into upper is now the town of Perry, Me. ; orpoffi- 
Paffamaquoddy bay, which is fome 8 or bly further up, in Robbinfton, or the 
lo miles in width. lower part of Calais. 

154 



with an Arm}', and that if they would come forth, and 
furrender themfelves, they fhould have good quarter, but 
if not, they fhould be all knock'd on the head and die : 
One of them fhewed himfelf, I ask'd, Who he was? He 
faid G our dan ; and begg'd for quarter: I told him he 
fhould have good quarter; adding further. That if there 
were any more in the houfe they fhould come out: Then 
came out two men ; Goiirdan faid, They were his Sons, 
and asked quarter for them, which was alfo granted. 
Then came out a Woman, and a little Boy; fhe fell upon 
her knees, begg'd quarter for her felf and Children, and 
that I would not fuffer the Indians to kill them. I told 
them they fhould have good quarter and not be hurt. 
After which I ordered a fmall guard over them, and fo 
mov'd prefently up with the reft of my Company, after 
them that were gone before, but looking on my right 
hand over a little run, I faw fomething look black, juft 
by me, flopped, and heard a talking, ftepped over, and 
faw a little Hutt or Wigwam with a crowd of People 
round about it, which was contrary to my former direc- 
tions: Ask'd them what they were doing? They reply'd 
there was fome of the Enemy in a houfe, and would not 
come out. I ask'd what Houfe? They faid a Bark- 
houfe. I haftily bid them pull it down, and knock them 
on the head, never asking whether they were French or 
Indians'^ they being all Enemies alike to me. And paff- 
ing then to them, and feeing them in great diforder, fo 
many of the Army in a crowd together, a6ting fo con- 

155 



[Ill] 

^ trary to my Command & Direction, expofing themfelves, 
^ and the whole Arm}^ to utter mine, by their fo diforderly 

* crowding thick together ; had an Enemy come upon 

* them in that interim, and fired a Volley amongft them, 
^they could not have mifs'd a fhot; and wholly neglecting 
' their duty, in not attending m}^ orders, in fearching dili- 
^ gently for our lurking Enemies in their Wigwams, or by 
' their fires, where I had great hopes, and real expe6tation 

* to meet with them. I moft certainly know that I was in 

* an exceeding great Paffion, but not with thofe poor mif- 
' erable Enemies; for I took no notice of half a dozen of 

* the Enemy, when at the fame time, I expe6led to be en- 
' gaged with fome hundreds of them, of whom we had a 
'continued account who [iii] were expected from Por^ 

* Royal fide. In this heat of a6tion, every word that I then 
' fpoke, I cannot give an account of, and I prefume it is 

* impoffible.^^^ I ftop'd but little here, but went directly 

313 Church pleads for himfelf here as properly eftimate his conduifl, without 

if he had been blamed, which was the remembering that he had been led, bj 

fadl. Hutchinfon fays, " Church feeing the ftatements of his prilbners, to 

fome of his men hovering over another believe that he was near to a very 

hut, he called to them to know what large force of the enemy, who might 

they were doing; and upon their reply, fall upon his little company at any mo- 

that there were people in the houfe who ment in overwhelming force, aided, as 

would not come out, he, haftily bid his they would be, by darknefs, the foreft, 

men knock them in the head; which and their own fuperior knowledge of 

order they immediately obferved. He the ground; and that he alfo felt, that 

was much blamed for this after his re- the moral effedl of fome feverity would 

turn, and excufed himfelf but indiffer- be good upon his favage and half-fav- 

ently. He feared the enemy might fall age foes. It will be feen, that, after- 

upon his men, whom he faw were off ward on his arrival at Baye les Mines, 

their guard, which put him in a paffion." he made ule of what happened here to 

[////?. Mafs, ii : 133.] No one can good refults. 

156 



[.II] 

up into the woods, hoping to be better imployed, with 
the reft of the Army, I Hften'd to hear, and looked earn- 
eftly to fee what might be the next action; but meeting 
with many of the Souldiers, They told me, they had dif- 
covered nothing; we fetching a fmall compafs round, 
came down again. It being pretty dark, I took notice, 
I faw two men lay dead as I thought, at the end of 
the houfe, where the door was, and immediately the 
Guns went off, and they fired every man as I thought, 
and moft towards that place where I left the guard with 
Monlieur Gourdan. I had much ado to ftop their firing, 
and told them, I thought they were mad, and I believed 
they had not killed and wounded lefs than 40 or 50 of 
our own Men. And I asked them what they fhot at? 
They anfwered at a French man that ran away: but to 
admiration no man was kill'd, but he, & one of our own 
men wounded in the Leg; and I turning about, a French 
man fpoke to me, and I gave him quarter. Day-light 
coming on and no difcovery made of the Enemy, I went 
to the place where I had left Monfieur Goia'-dan, to ex- 
amine him, and his Sons, who agreed in their examina- 
tions; told me two of their men were abroad: It prov'd a 
damage; and further told me. That Monfieur Skarkee 
lived feveral Leagues up at the head of the River, at the 
Falls ;^^^ and all the Indians were fifhing, and tending 
their Corn there; and that Monlieur Skarkee had fent 

31* Great Falls, — " where the water defcends 20 feet in a fliort diftance "? [Wil- 
liamfon's Hijl. Me. i : 86.] 

157 



[112] . . 

' down to him, to come up to him to advife about the 
''Indian Army, that was to go Weftward; but he had 
'■ returned him anfwer, his bufinefs was urgent, and he 
'could not come up: and that Sharkee, ^wdi the Indians^ 
' would certainly be down that day, or the next at the fur- 
' theft, to come to conclude of that matter. This was a 
' fliort Nights a6tion, and all fenfible Men do well know, 
' that a6tions done in the dark (being in the Night as 
' aforefaid) under fo many difficulties, as we then laboured 
' under, as before related, was a very hard Task for one 
' Man, matters being circumftanc'd as in this action; which 
'would not admit of calling a Council; and at that time 
'could not be confin'd there-unto; at which time I was 
' tranfported above fear or any fort of dread ; yet being 
' fenfible of the danger in my Armies crowding fo thick 
' together, and of the great duty incumbent on me to pre- 
' ferve them from all the danger I poffibly could, for fur- 
' ther improvement, in the Deftru6tion of our implacable 
' Enemies ; am ready to conclude, that I was very quick & 
' abfolute in giving fuch Commands & Orders, as I then ap- 
' prehended moft proper and advantagious. And had it not 
' been for the Intelligence I had received from the French 
' we took at Penobfcot^ as before hinted, and the falfe re- 
' port the French Woman (firft took) gave me, I had not 
' been in fuch hafte. I queftion not but thofe French men 
' that were flain, had the fame good quar[ii2]ter of other 
' Prifoners. But I ever look'd at it a good Providence of 
' Almighty God, that fome few of our cruel & bloody 

158 



[.12] 

* Enemies, were made fenfible of their bloody Cruelties, 
' perpetrated on my dear & loving friends and Country- 
'men; and that the fame meafure (in part) meeted to 
' them, as they had been guilty of in a barbarous manner 
' at Deerfield, & I hope juftly. I hope God Almighty will 

* accept hereof, altho' it may not be eligible to our French 
' implacable Enemies, and fuch others as are not our 
^ friends. The fore-going Journal and this fhort annex- 
' ment, I thought it my duty to exhibit, for the fatisfa6lion 
' of my Friends & Country-men, whom I very faithfully & 
'willingly ferved in the late Expedition; and I hope will 
' find acceptance with your Excellency, the Honourable 
' Council & Reprefentatives now Affembled, as being done 
' from the zeal I had in the faid Service of Her Majefty, 
' and her good Subje6ls here. 

/ Remain your mojl hunible & obedient Servant, 

Benjamin Church. 

This Nights Service being over immediately Col. Church 
leaves a fufficient guard with Gourdan, and the other 
Prifoners, mov'd in fome Whale-boats with the reft; and 
as they were going fpy'd a fmall thing upon the Water, 
at a great diftance, which proved to be a birch Canoo, 
with two Indians in her; the Colonel prefently ordered 
the lighteft boat he had to make the beft of her way and 
cut them off from the Shore: but the India7is perceiving 
their defign run their Canoo a-ftiore & fled. Col. Church 
fearing they would run dire6tly to Sharkee made all the 

159 



[112] 

expedition imaginable; but it being ebb and the water 
low, was obliged to land & make the beft of their way 
thro' the woods, hoping to intercept the Indians^ and get 
to SIiarkce\ houfe before them; which was two Miles 
from where our Forces landed. The Colonel beinsr An- 
cient & Unwildly, delired Serjeant Edee'^^'' to run with 
him, and coming to feveral Trees fallen, which he could 
not creep under or readily get over, would lay his breaft 
againft the Tree, the faid Edee turning him over, generally 
had Cat luck, falling on his feet, b}'' which means kept in 
the Front: and coming near to Sharkee's houfe, difcovered 
fome French & Indians making a Wair^^*^ in the River, 
and prefently difcovered the two Indians afore-mentioned, 
who call'd to them at work in the River; told them there 
was an Army of EngliJJi and Indians ^uR by; who imme- 
diately left their work and ran, endeavouring to get to 
Sharkee'?, houfe; who hearing the noife, took his Lady & 
Child, and ran into the woods. Our Men running briskly 
fired & kill'd one of the Indians, and took the reft Prifon- 
ers. Then going to Skarkee's houfe found a Woman and 
Child, to whom the}^ gave good quarter: and finding that 
Madam Sharkee had left her Silk Clothes & fine linen 
behind her, our Forces was defirous to have purfued and 



315 This was probably a member of pofteritj. \^See N. E. Iliji. and Gen. 

one of the families in the Old Colony de- Reg iii : 33^; viii : 201-206; Congre- 

fcended from Samuel Eddy {Ede, Edy, gational Quarterly, iv : 223-23S.] 

Eady, Eadey, Edie, Edee), who fettled ^'^^ Weir, — a fence of flakes and 

in Plymouth from Cranbrooke, Kent, brufli fet in a river for the purpofe of 

1630, and left a numerous and noble catching fifh. 

160 



L"3j 

taken her: But Col. Church forbid them, faying he would 
have her run and fuffer, that fhe might be made fenfible, 
what hardfhips our poor People had fuftered by them, &c. 
Then proceeded to examine the Prifoners newly taken, 
who gave [113] him the fame account he had before; of 
the hidians being up at the Falls, &c. It being juft Night 
prevented our Attacking of them that Night. But next 
Morning early they mov'd up to the Falls (which was 
about a Mile higher:) But doubtlefs the Enemy had fome 
Intelligence by the two afore-faid Indians^ before our 
Forces came, fo that they all got on the other fide of the 
River and left fome of their goods by the Water-fide, to 
decoy our Men, that fo they might fire upon them ; which 
indeed they effedled: But thro' the good Providence of 
God never a Man of ours was kill'd, and but one flightly 
wounded. After a fhort difpute Col. Church ordered that 
every Man might take what they pleafed of the Fifh which 
lay bundled up, and to burn the reft, which was a great 
quantity. The Enemy feeing what our Forces were 
about; and that their ftock of Fifh was deftroyed, and the 
feafon being over for getting any more, fet up a hedious 
Cry, and fo ran all away into the woods; who being all on 
the other fide of the River,^^^ ours could not follow them. 
Having done, our Forces March'd down to their Boats at 
Sharkee's, and took their Prifoners, Bever, and other Plun- 
der which they had got, and put it into their Boats, and 

3" The New-Brunfwick fide; the tween the States and the Britifli poflef- 
river being here the dividing line be- fions. 
21 161 



["3] 

went down to Gourdans houfe, where they had left Lieut. 
Col. Gorham & Maj Hilton^ with part of the Forces to guard 
the Prifoners; (and kept a good look-out for more of the 
Enemy) who upon the Colonels return, gave him an ac- 
count that they had made no difcovery of the Enemy fince 
he left them, &c. Juft then Her Majefty's Ships and 
Tranfports arriving. The Commanders of Her Majefty's 
Ships told Col. CJutrch that they had orders to go directly 
for Poi^t Royal Gici, and wait the coming of fome Store- 
Ships, which were expe6led at Port Royal from Prance] 
and Col. Church advifmg with them, propofed that it was 
very expedient and ferviceable to the Crown, that Capt. 
Southack in the Province Galley fhould accompany them, 
which they did readil}^ acquiefce with him in. Upon which 
the Colonel immediately embark'd his Forces on board 
the Tranfports, and himfelf on board Capt. J^arvis',^^^ or- 
dering the Commiffary of the Stores, the Minifter, Sur- 
geons & Pilots all to embark on board the fame Veffel 
with him; ordering all the Whale-boats to be put on 
board the Tranfports and then all to come to Sail. The 
Ships ftanding away for Po7^l Royal Giil,^^^ and Col. Church 
with the Tranfports for Menis: ^-^ In their way the Colonel 

inquired of the Pilot Fcllows,^'^^ What depth of Water 

there was in the Crick near the Town of Alcitis ? He 
anfwered him that there was Water enough near the 

318 Commander of the frigate Adven- 320 gee note 238, ante. Les Mines 

tare ; as will be feen from the docu- was about half-way from Port Royal 
ment commencing on the next page. to Beau-bajtn, or Chiegnecto. 

313 See note 286, ante. See note 296, atite. 

163 



[114] 

Town to flote that Veffel they were in at low Water. So 
when coming near, Col. Church obfervecl a Woody If- 
land ^" between them and the Town, that they run up on 
the back-fide of the faid Ifland, with all their Tranfports 
undifcovered to the Enemy, and came to Anchor. Then 
the Colonel and all his Forces embark'd in the Whale- 
boats, it being late in the day mov'd dire6lly for the Town, 
and in the way ask'd for the Pilot, whom he expe6ted was 
in one of the Boats; but he had given him the flip, and 
tarried behind. The Colonel not know[ii4]ing the diffi- 
culties as might attend their going up to the Town ; im- 
mediately fent Lieut. Gyles'^^ who could fpeak French^ 
with a Flag of Truce up to the Town with a Summons, 
which was writ before they landed, expe6ling their fur- 
render: which is as followeth. 

Aboard Her Majejly's Ship Adventure near the Gut 
q/"Menis, June 20. 1704 An agreement made by 
the Field Officers commanding Her Majejly''s Forces 
for the -prefent Expedition againjl the French 
Fnemies, and Indian Rebels. 
Agreed. 

THat a Declaration or Summons be fent 071 Shoar at 
Menis and Port Royal, under a Flag of Truce- 

322 From Charlevoix's map, this thence to Pemaquid, where he was Juf- 
would feem to be GrolPe Ijle. tice, and was killed by the Indians, 2 

323 John Gyles was fon of Thomas Aug., 1689); was captured at his fa- 
(who lived firft in Merry-meeting bay, ther's death, when 14 years of age, and 
was made prilbner, efcaped to England, carried to Canada; whence, after a fer- 
came back to live on Long Ifland, went vitude of feveral years, he was purchafed 

163 



["4] 

Particularly, 
We declare to yo2i, the many Cruelties and Barbari- 
ties that you and the Indians have been guilty of towards 
us, in laying luajle our Country here in the Eajl at 
Cafco, and the Places Adjacejit : Peculiarly, the Horrid 
a6iion at Deerfield this laji Winter, in Killing, Majfa- 
cring. Murdering and Scalping tvithout giving any 
notice at all, or opportunity to ask quarter at your 
Hands, and after all carrying the Remainder into 
Captivity in the heighth of Winter {oftvhich they kilVd 
many in the foitrney,) and expos'^ d the reji to the hard- 

Jhips of Cold and Famine, ivorfe than death it felf 
Which Cruelties we are yet every day expofed unto, and 
exercifed withal. 

We do alfo declai-e, That we have already made fome 

beginnings of Killing and Scalping fome Canada Men 

{which .we have not been wont to do or allo'v) and ai'e 

now come with a great number of Englifh & Indians, all 

Volunteers, with refolutions to fubdue you, and make you 

fenfble of your Cruelties to us by treating\you after the 

fame manner. 

At this time we expe6i our Men of War and Tranf- 

port Ships to be at Port Royal, (we having but lately 

patted with them.) 

by a French trader during Col. Haw- printed, 1736, a memoir of his father; 
thorn's Eaftern Expedition, and reftored died 1755. [Savage's Gen. Di6l. ii : 
to his home and friends; he thereafter 326: Sewall's ^;?c?. Dom. Me. 195-204; 
for many years ferved the Government Willis's Lavj, Courts, atid La-Myers, 
in the army, and as an interpreter; he Mc. 32.] 

164 



["5] 

III the Iq/l place, We do declare to you, That inafmuch as 
fome of you have /Jtow7i kindnefs to our Captives, and Ex- 
prefd a love to and dejire of being ti7tder the EnglifJi Gov- 
ernment, We do therefore notwithflanding all this, give yotc 
timely Notice, and do demand a Surrender immediately, by 
the laying down your Anns, upon which we promife very 
good Quarter; if not, you mufl expe6l the utm-ofl Severity. 

To the Chief Coi7imander of the Town Benjamin Church Colonel, 

of JMenis, & the Inhabitants thereof John Goreham Lieut. Col. 

& we expedl your anfxver pof lively Winthrop Hilton Major, 
ivithin an hour. 

Then moving to the Crick expe6ting to have had Water 
enough for the Boats, as the Pilot had inform'd them, but 
found not Water enough for a Canoo; fo were oblig'd to 
land,^^^ intending to have been up at the Town before the 
hour was out, that the Summons exprefled: (For their 
return was. That if our Forces would not hurt their 
Eftates, that then they would Surrender, if otherwife in- 
tended, they fhould fight for them, &c^ But meeting 
w^ith feveral Cricks near 20 or 30 foot deep, which were 
very Muddy and Dirty, fo that the Army could not get 
over them; was oblig'd to return to [115] their Boats 
again, and wait till within Night before the Tide ferved 
for them to go up to the Town; and then intended to 

32* That is, their boats foon ground- the intervention of fome creeks of deep 
ing, they were obliged to get out of water, which forced them back to the 
them into the mud, and wade toward boats, and compelled them to wait in 
the ftiore ; which they were unable to them for the tide to rife, — under the 
accomplifh fuccefffully on account of circumftances, a profaic refult! 

165 



L"5] 

go up pretty near the Town, and not to fall on till 
Morning, being in hopes that the banks of the Cricks 
would fhelter them from the Enemy: but the Tides rifing 
fo high expofed them all to the Enemy; who had the 
Trees & Woods to be-friend them. And fo came down 
in the Night & fired fmartly at our Forces; but Col. 
Church being in a Pinis ^^^ that had a fmall Cannon plac'd 
in the head, ordered it to be charg'd feveral times, with 
Bullets in fmall bags, and fired at the Enemy, which made 
fuch a rattling amongfl the Trees, that caufed the Enemy 
to draw off; and by the great Providence of Almighty 
God not one of our Forces was hurt that Night; (but as I 
have been informed they had one Indian kill'd, and fome 
others wounded, which was fome difcouragement to the 
Enemy.) Next Morning b}^ break of Day, Col. Church 
ordered all his Forces, (and plac'd Maj. Hilton on the 
right wing,) to run all up driving the Enemy before them, 
who leaving their Town to our Forces, but had carried 
away the beft of their Goods (which were foon found by 
our Souldiers.) The bulk of the Enemy happening to lye 
againft our right Wing caufed the hotteft difpute there, 
who lay behind Logs and Trees, till our Forces, and Maj 
Hilton who led them, came on upon them, and forc'd them 
to run; and notwithftanding the fharp firing of the Enemy 
at our Forces, by the repeated Providence of God there 
was never a Man of ours kill'd or wounded. Our Soul- 
diers not having been long in Town before they found 

325 Pinnace. 
i66 



C"5] 

confiderable quantities of Strong Drink (both Brandy & 
Clarat) and being very greedy after it, efpecially the In- 
dians^ were very diforderly, firing at every Pig, Turky 
or Fowl they faw, of which were very plenty in the 
Town; which indanger'd our own Men; Col. Church per- 
ceiving the diforder, and firing of his own Men, ran to put 
a ftop to it, had feveral fhot come very near him; and 
finding what had occafion'd this diforder, commanded his 
Officers to knock out the heads of every Cask of Strong 
Liquor they could find in the Town,^^*^ to prevent any fur- 
ther diflurbance amongft his Army; knowing it was im- 
poffible to have kept it from them, efpecially the Indians^ 
if it was faved, &c. Then fome of the Army who were 
defirous to purfue the Enemy, having heard them driving 
away their Cattel, Requefted the Colonel to let them go; 
who did: and gave them their orders, Capt. Cooke, and 
Capt. Church to lead the two Wings, and Lieut. Barker^^'' 
who led the Colonels Company in the Center: and the 
faid Capt. Cooke and Capt. Church defired Lieut. Barker 



3-6 A praiflical "temperance" move- likeliefl to be officered from Plymouth 

merit, deferving extended imitation ! Colony, it leems probable that one of 

•*27 There may have been three the Duxbury brothers is the one referred 

"Lieut." Barkers then living, who to; and, of thefe, I incline to the opin- 

might have been conne(5led with ion that it was Robert. [Savage's GV;/. 

Church's company: Lt. Robert, and Di(fi. i : 115; Winfor's Hiji. Duxbury, 

Lt. Francis, both of Duxbury, and both 223 ; Abbot's Hiji. Andover, 200 ; Plym. 

fons of Robert; and Lt. John, of An- Col. Rcc. vi : 218] Charlevoix lays 

dover, fon of Richard. The latter died that the " Lieutenant-General of the 

1722; Robert had a dau. born iS April, Englilh forces" was killed — a mif- 

1704; Francis, I do not trace later than take of Barker's rank. \_HiJl. Nouv. 

1689. A.S Church's company would be France.^ 

167 



[ii6] 

not to move too faft; fo that he might have the benefit of 
their affiftance, if he had occafion; but the faid Lieutenant 
not being fo careful as he fhould have been, or at leaft was 
too eager, was fliot down, and another Man; which were 
all the Men that were kill'd in the whole Expedition. 
Towards Night Col. Church ordered fome of his Forces 
to pull down fome of the Houfes, and others to get Logs 
[ii6] and make a Fortification for his whole Army to 
lodge in that Night, that fo they might be together: and 
juft before Night ordered fome of his Men to go fee if 
there were any Men in any of the Houfes in the Town; if 
not, to fet them all a fire: which was done, and the whole 
Town feemed to be of a fire all at once, &€. The next 
Morning the Colonel gave orders to his Men to dig down 
their Dams,^~^ and let the Tide in to deftroy all their Corn, 
and every thing that was good, according to his Inftruc- 
tions; and to burn the Fortification which they had built 
the Day before: And when the Tide ferv'd to put all their 
Plunder which they had got into the Boats. Then order- 
ing his Souldiers to March at a good diftance one from 
another; which caus'd the Enemy to think that there was 

3-8 Haliburton fays that there are vaft Mines, are very fuperior to thofe in 
marfhes fkirting this Baye les Mines other parts of the Province — the water 
(Bafon of Mines), which, "when en- of that extraordinary refervoir being 
clofed with dikes, and well drained, are not only difcolored, but adtually turbid, 
exceedingly fertile, yielding, for feveral with the great quantity of matter held 
years in fucceffion, abundant crops of in folution by it." \_Hi/i. Nov. Scoi. 
wheat, and alternate rotations of hay ii : 363.] The Acadians had probably 
and grain, without the aid of manure." already begun this form of tillage, and 
He adds : " the marfhes. formed by the thefe dikes to which Church here re- 
rivers emptying into the Bafon of fers are thus explained. 

168 



[ii6] 

not lefs than a thoufand Men (as they faid afterwards:) 
and that their burning of the Fortification, and doing as 
they did, caufed the Enemy to think that they were gone 
clear off and not to return again. But it proved to the 
contrary, for Col. Church and his Forces only went aboard 
their Tranfports, and there ftaid till the Tide ferv'd ; in the 
Night embarked on board their Whale-boats, landed fome 
of his Men, expe6ling they might meet with fome of the 
Enemy mending their Dams; which they did, and with 
the Boats went up another branch of the River, to another 
Town or Village ;^^^ upon fuch a furprize took as many Prif- 
oners as they could defire. And it happened that Col. Church 
was at the French Captains Houfe when two Gentlemen 
that came Poft from the Governour of Port Royal to him, 
who was the Chief Commander at Meitis, with an Exprefs 
to fend away two Companies of Men to Defend the Kings 
Fort there; and to give him an account. That there was 
three EnglifJi Men of War come into Port Royal Gtct or 
Harbour; and that the Men fent for muft be Pofted away 
with all fpeed. Col. Church, as was faid before, being 
there, treated the two Gentlemen very hanfomely, and told 
them, He would fend them back again Poft to their Maf- 
ter upon his bufmefs; and bid them give him his hearty 
thanks for fending him fuch good News, that part of his 
Fleet was in fo good a Harbour. Then reading the Sum- 
mons to them that he had fent to Menis. Further added. 
That their Mafter the Governour of Port Royal muft im- 

329 Pigiguit, on the river of the fame name, now the Avon? 
22 169 



["7] 

mediately fend away a Poft to the Governour of Canada 
at Quebeck, to prevent his further fending any of his cruel 
& bloudy French and Salvages, as he had done lately upon 
Deer/ield, where they had committed fuch horrible and 
bloudy outrages upon thofe poor People, that never did 
them any harm, as is intollerable to think of; and that for 
the future, if any fuch Hoftilities were made upon our 
Frontier Towns, or any of them. He would come out with 
a thoufand Salvages, and Whale-boats convenient, and 
turn his back upon them, and let his Salvages Scalp & 
Roft the French) or at leaft treat them as their Salvages 
had treated ours ; Alfo gave them an account of part of 
that a6lion at PaJ/amequado, and how that his Souldiers 
had Kill'd & Scalp'd fome Canada Men [117] there, and 
would be glad to Serve them fo too, if he would permit 
them. Which terrif^^ed them very much,^^'' &'c. The 
two French Gentlemen that came Poft made folemn 
Promifes that they would punctually do the Colonel's 
Meffage to their Governour. So with the delire of the 
French People there that the Governour might have this 
Intelligence, Col. Church difmifs'd them, and fent them 
away; telling the fame Story to feveral of the Prifoners, 
and what they muft expe6t if fome fpeedy courfe was not 
taken to prevent further outrages upon the EngliJJi. The 
number of Prifoners then Prefent (which were conlidera- 
ble) did unanimoufly intreat of Col. Church, that he would 
take them under the Prote6lion of the Crown oi England \ 

330 See note 313, ante. 
170 



["7] 

making great Promifes of their fidelity to the fame, beg- 
ging with great Agony of Spirit to Save their Lives, and 
to protect them from his Salvages, w^hom they extreamly 
dreaded: As to the matter of the Salvages, He told them, 
It would be juft Retaliation for him to permit his Salvages 
to treat the French in the fame manner, as the French with 
their Salvages treated our friends in our Frontier Towns: 
But as to his taking them under the Prote6lion of the 
Crown of England^ he utterly refufed it, urging to them 
their former Perfidioufnefs j they alfo urging to him, that 
it would be impoffible for any French to live any where in 
the Bay oi Fundy, if they were not taken under the Eng- 
lijh Government; for with the benefit of thofe Whale- 
boats,^^^ (as the Engli/Ji called them) they could take and 
deftroy all their People in the Town of Menis in one 
Night: But he reply'd to them, It fhould never be; alledg- 
ing to them that when they were fo before, when Port 
Royal was taken laft by the Englijlt that it prov'd of very 
ill confequence to the Crown of Engla7id, & the Subje6ts 
thereof in our Frontiers ; for that our EngliJJi Traders fup- 
plying them; enabled them (which opportunity they im- 

331 The ftrefs laid upon " whaleboats," defcription — exceedingly difficult ; a 

both by Church in his report of his laft difficulty which the boats removed, fince 

expedition (p. 147) and his letter to they could adl as tenders, and leave the 

Gov. Dudley (p. 131), and by the en- fhip in deep water ; and by the facft, that 

emy, is explained by the fadl that the their fwiftnefs made them more formid- 

enormous rife and fall of the tides in able in the purfuit of canoes than any 

and near the Bay of Fundy made land- other craft then in ufe, and their light 

ing from, and coafting in, ordinary vef- draft enabled them to go in fhallow 

fels — in that day when wharf con- water, and their lightweight made them 

veniences were of the moft primitive efpecially available at the portages. 

171 



[ii8] 

prov'd) to fupply the Indians our bloudy Enemies; and 
therefore he could make no other Terms of Peace with 
them than that; if they the French at Menis, Signe6lo and 
Canada^ would keep at home with their bloudy Salvages, 
and not commit any Hoflilities upon any of our Frontiers, 
we would return home & leave them; for that we lived a 
great diltance off, and had not come near them to hurt 
them now had not the blood of our poor Friends and 
Brethren in all the Frontiers of our Province cryed for 
Vengeance; efpecially that late unheard of Barbarity 
committed upon the Town of Deerfield; which wrought fo 
generally on the hearts of our People, that our Forces 
came out with that Unanimity of Spirit, both among the 
EngliJJi and our Salvages, that we had not, nor needed a 
Prefs'd Man among them. The Colonel alfo telling them, 
That if ever hereafter any of our Frontiers Eaft or Weft 
were Molefted by them, as formerly, that he would (if 
God fpared his Life,) and they might depend upon it, 
Return upon them with a thoufand of his Salvages, if he 
wanted them, all Volunteers, with our Whale-boats, and 
would purfue them to the laft Extremity. The Colonels 
warm difcourfe with them [i i8] wrought fuch a confterna- 
tion in them, which they difcovered by their Panick fears 
and trembling, their hearts fenfibly beating, and rifmg up 
as it were ready to choke them; confeifed they were all 
his Prifoners, and beg'd of him, for JESUS fake, to Save 
their Lives, and the Lives of their poor Families; with 
fuch melting Terms as wrought relentings in the Colonels 

^72 



[ii8] 

Breafl towards them ; but however, he told them. That his 
intent was to carry as many Prifoners home as he could, 
but that he had taken fo many, they were more than he 
had occafion for, nor defired any more ; and therefore 
he would leave them.^^^ The Colonel refolving the next 
day to compleat all his a6lion at Menis, and fo draw off. 
Accordingly, fent his orders to Col. Gore/mm and Maj 
Hilton^ with all the Engli/Ii Companies both Officers and 
Souldiers, except fome few, which he thought he might 
have occafion for to go with the Indians in the Whale- 
boats up the Eaftward River,^^^ where a third part of the 
Inhabitants Lived; that fo he might prevent any refle6lion 
made on them, in leaving any part of the Service undone. 
And therefore in the evening ordered all the Whale-boats 
to be laid ready for the Nights Service; and accordingly 
when the Tide Served, he went with his Indians up the 
River, where they did fome fpoil upon the Enemy going 
up. In the Morning feveral of their Tranfports came to 
meet them, to their great rejoycing, on whom they went 
on Board, and foon came up with the whole Fleet, with 
whom they joyned, bending their courfe directly towards 
Port Royal, where they were ordered. Coming to Port 
Royal Gut where their Ships were, and calling a Council 

^'■^'^ Penhallow fays the expedition terminating in Salmon river; from 

" took a hundred prifoners." \^Itid. which was a portage over to Tatatna- 

Wars, 30.] gotiche on Northumberland Strait, per- 

333 The Cobeguit, or Cobcquid bay, haps 7 miles in length. 



173 



[ii8] 

according to his Inftru6lions, drew up their refult: Which 
is as followeth. 

Aboard the Province Galley^ \th. July 1704. 
In Port Royal Harbotir. 
Prefent all the Field Officers and 
Captaijis of the Land Forces. 

WE whofe Names are hereunto Subfcribed^ having de- 
liberately conJider''d the caufe in hand, whether it be 

proper to L and all our Forces to offend & deffroy as much 

as ive can at Port Royal, all or any part of the Inhabitants 
thereof, and their EJlates, We are of Opinioji, that "'tis not 

for our Fiterefi & Honour, and the Countrys whom we 
Serve, to Land or expofe our Selves ; but qtiit it wholly, and 

go on about our other bifinefs we have to do, for this Reafon, 
That we Jiidge our Selves Inferiour to the Strength of the 
Enemy, and therefore the Danger & Rifqtie we run, is 

greater than the advantage we can, or are likely to obtain, 

feeing the Enemy hath fuch ti^nely Notice, and long oppor- 
tunity to Provide thetitfelves againfi us, by our Ships lying 
here in the Road about Twelve Days, before we could joyn 
them from Menis, where we were during that time, and 
being fo very meanly provided zvith neceffaries convenient for 

fuch an Undertaking with fo fmall a Number of Men, not 
beins[ above Four hundred capable and ft for Service to 
Land', and underfianding by all the Intelligence we can get 



174 



["9] 

from both Englifh & French Pri/oners, that the Fort is 
exceeding Strong. 
John Goreham Lieut. Col. Winthrop Hilton Major. [119] 

Havings Piirfiiant to my In/fruc- Jof. ^^ Brown Conjlant Church 

tiojis taken the advice of the Gc7i- Jajues Cole yohn Dyer 

tlemen above Stibfcribed^ aftd John Cook JoJJuia Lamb 

confdering the xveight of their Ifaac Myrick Caleb Williamfon 

Reafons, I do Concur therewith. Johii Harradon Edxvard Chzirch 
Benj. Church. 

WHereas Col. Church hath defired our Opi7tions, as to 
the Landing the Forces at Port Royal, they being but 
400 Effe^ive Men to Land., and by all the Informatio7i both 
of French & Englifh Prifoners, the Enemy having a 
greater number of Men., and much better provided to Receive, 
than they are to Attack them.. We do believe His for the 
Service of the Crown., and Prefervation of Her Majeflfs 
Sicbje&s to aS2 as above mentioned. 

Thomas Smith. Geo. Rogers. Cypryan SoiUhack. 

After this, they concluded what fhould be next done; 
which was, that the Ships fhould ftay fome Days longer at 
Port Royall Gtct, and then go over to Mount Defart Har- 
bour, and there ftay till Col. C/mrch with his Tranfports 
came to them. Being all ready, the Colonel with his 
Tranfports & Forces went up the Bay to SigneHo, where 
they needed not a Pilot, being feveral of them well 
acquainted there .' (and had not met with fo many difficul- 

33* Mifprint for yotm. This captain's name is diftindlly ftated to be yokn 
(p. 138). See note 278, ante. 

^1S 



["9] 

ties at Menis, had it not been that their Pilot deceived 
them;^^^ who knew nothing of the matter, kept out of the 
way and Landed not with them, &c.^ And coming to 
SigneHo^'^^ the Enemy were all in Arms ready to receive 
them. Col. Church Landing his Men; the Commander of 
the Enemy waving his Sword over his head, bid a Chal- 
lange to them ; The Colonel ordering his two Wings to 
March up a-pace, and come upon the backs of the Enemy, 
himfelf being in the Center, and the Enemy knowing him, 
(having been there before) Shot chiefly at him; (but thro' 
Gods goodnefs received no harm, neither had he one Man 
kiird, nor but two flightly wounded) and then ran all 
away into the Woods, and left their Town with nothing 
in it; having had timely Notice of our Forces, had carryed 
all away out of the reach of our Army; for Col. Church 
while there with part of his Forces Ranged the Woods, 
but to no purpofe ; Then returning to the Town, did them 
what fpoil he could; according to his Inftru6lions, and fo 
drew off, and made the beft of their way for Pajpimequa- 
do, (and going in) in a great Fog, one of their Tranfports 
ran upon a Rock, but was foon got off again. Then Col. 
Church with fome of his Forces embark'd in their Whale- 
boats, and went amongft the Iflands, with an intent to go 
to Sharkee'^s where they had deflroyed the Fifli;^^^ but 
obferving a Springgy place in a Cove, went on Shore to 
get fome Water to drink, it being a Sandy beach, they 

335 That is "they would not have met 336 Beau-bajtn. See note 229, ante. 

with fo many difficulties, &c." 337 See p. 161. 

176 



[I20] 

efpy'd Tracks, the Colonel prefently ordered his Men to 
fcatter, and make a fearch ; foon found De Boiffes ^^® Wife, 
who had formerly been Col. Church''^ Prifoner, and car- 
ried to Bq/lon\ but returned, who feemed to be very glad 
to fee him: She had with her two Sons that were near 
Men grown ; the Colonel ordering them a part. Examined 
the Woman firft, who gave him this account following. 
That fhe had lived there-abouts ever lince the Fleet went 
by, and that fhe had never feen but two Indians hnce, who 
came in a Canoo from Norrigiwock\ who ask'd her, what 
made her to be there alone ? She told them. She had not 
feen a French Man nor an Indian except thofe two fince 
the Engli/Ii Ships went by. Then the Indians told her 
there was not one Indian left except thofe two, who be- 
long to the Gut of Cancer, on this lide of Canada: for the 
Fryers coming down with the Indians to Monlieur Gor- 
dafis, and finding the French-men (lain, and their Hair 
fpoiled, being Scalp'd, put them into a great Confterna- 
tion ; and the Fryers told them it was impoffible for them 
to live there-abouts, for the Engli/Ji with their Whale- 
[120] boats would ferve them all fo; upon which they 
all went up to Norrigiwock: Alfo told her that when the 
EngliJJi came along thro' Penobfcot, they had fwept it of 
the Inhabitants, as if it had been fwept with a Broom, 
neither French nor Indians efcaping them. Further told 
her. That when their Fathers the Fryers, and the Indians 

338 Du Boisf probably taken prifoner when Church was here before, in a 
previous expedition. 

23 177 



[I20] 

met together at Norrigiwock they called a Council, and the 
Fryers told the Indians, That they muft look out for fome 
other Country, for that it was impoffible for them to live 
there; alfo told them there was a River call'd MoJJippee'^'^^ 
where they might live quietly and no E^iglifJi come near 
them ; It being as far beyond Canada as it was to it, &c. 
and if they would go and live there, they would live & 
dye with them, but if not they would leave them, and 
never come near them again. Whereupon they all agreed 
to go away; which they did, and left their Ruff houfhold- 
fluff, and Corn behind them, and went all, except thole 
two for Canada. Alfo her Sons giving the fame Intelli- 
gence, fo we had no reafon to think but that it was true. 
Col. Church having done what he could there, Embark'd 
on board the Tranfports and went to Mount De/art, where 
he expe6led to have met with the Ships from Poj^t Royal 
Gut\ and going into the Harbour at Mount De/arf, found 

339 The MiJfiJJippi (Ind. Miche Sepe ; foirniie:' {Relation, 1670:80.] In 1673, 

called by the early Jeluits MeJJi-Sift). Marquette, with Louis Jolliet, reached 

As early as 1669, Father Marquette re- the river, and defcended it probably as 

folved uponvifiting this wonderful river, far as the mouth of the Arkanlas. (His 

of which rumors came to him from the narrative of this journey may be found 

favages. It is firft mentioned in the in Shea's Difcovery atid Exploration of 

'■'Relations des JefuitesT in 1670, as the MiJftJJippi Valley ; having been firft 

^'^ unc grandc Riviere large d'une lieu'e publifhed, in 16S1, in Thevenot's Re- 

et davantage, qui venant des quartiers cueil de Voyages-) Of courfe, his infor- 

du Nord, coule vers le Sud, et Jt loin mation had added certainty to all vague 

que les fauvages qui out navig€ fur floating rumors before exifting; and the 

cetle Riviere, allant chercher des ene- Jefuits in Canada, before the date of this 

mis d, combattre, apre's quantite' de Jour- expedition of Col. Church, were able 

ne'es de navigation, n'en ont point trouv€ to fpeak with fome confidence of this 

I'embouckere, quie ne peut efre que vers wonderful ftream. [See Relations des 

la Mer de la Floride, ou celU de Call- fefuites, 1670: 91, 100; 1671 : 24,47.] 

178 



[ I20] 

no Ships there, but a Runlet ^'"' rid off by a line in the 
Harbour, which he ordered to be taken up, and opening 
of it found a Letter, which gave him an account that the 
Ships were gone home for Bofton. Then he proceeded & 
went to Penobfcot\ where being come, made diligent 
fearch in thofe Parts for the Enemy, but could not find or 
make any difcovery of them, or that any had been there 
fince he left thofe Parts, which causM him to believe what 
De Boiffes Wife had told him was true. (I will only by 
the way juft give a hint of what we heard fince of the 
Effe6ts of this Expedition, & then proceed.) [Firft, 
That the EngliJJt Forces that went next to Norrigiwock 
found that the Enemy was gone, & had left their Ruff 
houfhold-ftuff and Corn behind them; alfo not long after 
this Expedition, there were feveral Gentlemen fent down 
from Canada to concert with our Governour about the 
fettling of a Cartile ^^^ for the Exchange of Prifoners ; and 
that the Governour of Canada has never fince fent down 
any Army upon our Frontiers (as I know of) except 
fome times a Scout of Indians to take fome Prifoners, that 
he might be informed of our State, and what we were 
a<fting &c. and always took care that the Prifoners fo 
taken fhould be Civily Treated, and fafely Returned, as I 
have been informed; that fome of the Prifoners that were 
taken gave an account; fo that we have great caufe to be- 

MO '■'■ Ru7idlet (probably q. d. Round- tula, diminutive of c/^rtr/a, i.e., a " little 
let), — aclofecaflcforLiquorSjContaining writing"), — a writing, or agreement, 
from three to twenty Gallons." — Bailey. between States at war, as for the ex- 

3*i Cartel (from cartellus, from ckar- change of prifoners. [ Webjier.'\ 

179 



[ I20] 

lieve that the MefTage Col. Church fent by the two French 
Gentlemen from Mentis to the Governour of Port Royal 
took Effeft, and was a means to bring Peace in our bor- 
ders, &c.^ Then Col. Church with his Forces embark'd 
on board the Tranfports, and went to Cafco Bay, where 
they met with Capt. Gallop in a Veffel from Bojlon, who 
had brought Col C/mrch further Orders; which was to 
fend fome of his Forces up to Norrigiwock in purfuit of 
the Enemy; but he being fenfible that the Enemy were 
gone from thence, and that his Souldiers were much wore- 
out & fategu'd in the hard Service they had already done, 
& wanted to get home, call'd a Council, and agreed all to 
go home, which accordingly they did. To Conclude this 
Expedition, I will jufl give a hint of fome treatment Col. 
Church had before & after he came home : for all his great 
Expences, Fategues & Hardfhips in and about this Expe- 
dition, {viz) He received of his Excellency Fifteen Pounds 
as an earneft Peny towards Raifing of Volunteers; and 
when he came to receive his Debenture ^^^ for his Colonels 
Pay, there was 2 s. \ d. due to him; and as for his Cap- 
tains Pay,^"^ & Man Jack he has never received any thing 
as yet. Alfo after he came home fome ill minded Perfons 
did their endeavour to have taken away his Life, for that 
there was fome of the French Enemy Kill'd this Expedi- 

3*2 Debenture, — a writing or certifi- **3 His commiffion was twofold (fee 

cate figned by a public officer in evi- p. 136) appointing him Captain of the 
dence of a debt due; fo called becaufe, firft company of his command, as well 
in Latin, fuch documents ufed to begin as Colonel of all the forces embarked 
Debe.ntur miki, &c. upon the expedition. 

180 



[I20] 

tion:^^'*but his Excellency the Governour, the Honoura- 
ble Council and Houfe of Reprefentatives faw caufe to 
Clear him, and gave him Thanks for his good Service 
done.^'*^ 



^^* Church's language here might 
almoft fuggefl: that fome attempt had 
been made to bring him to a capital 
trial for alleged malfeafance in the mat- 
ter at Pajfamaquoddy (p. 157). But I 
find no evidence of any thing of the fort. 

3'15 The original edition of 1716 gives 
evidence of that " cutting the coat 
according to the cloth," which was not 
unufual in books of that time, and 
which is not wholly unknown now. In 
the endeavor to come out even at the 
end of a page and of a fignature, the 



laft two pages are fet in type of fmaller 
fize than the reft of the volume, the 
" fpaces " are made thinner, and 51 
lines are crowded into a page whofe 
meafure has been 42. In this procefs 
of compreflion, the MSS. doubtlefs fuf- 
fered fomewhat ; and, could we recover 
the laft page from which Green's com- 
pofitors worked, we ftiould be quite 
likely to find one or two clofing re- 
marks from the blunt yet courtly old 
warrior, which the inexorable demands 
of the " form " excluded. 



FINIS. 




i8i 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 




(fl®" It will be noticed that the dates are comparatively few which can be exadlly identified.) 



Day of 

Week. 


Day of 
Month. 


Year. 


EVENT. 


Page. 


— 


Last of Oa. 


1688 


Church received Andros's express 
at Little Conipton 


I 


— 


H 55 


55 


Church went to Boston .... 


2 


— 


55 55 


55 


,, Returned home .... 


3 


Th. 


1 8 April 


1689 


The Revolution which deposed 
Andros 


3 


— 


-July 


55 


Church waited on Governor Brad- 
street, by request 


4 


— 


~ 55 


55 


Church went to Rhode Island to 
ask assistance 


5 




-Aug. 


55 


Church returned to Boston, report- 
ing progress, and goes to raising 
volunteers 


5 


F. 


6 Sept. 


55 


Church commissioned by Governor 
Hinkley for the First Expedition 


6 


M. 


i6 „ 


55 


Church received his instructions 
from Danforth ...... 


8 


T. 


17 55 


55 


Church received his commission 
from Massachusetts, as Major . 


9 


W. 


18 „ 


55 


Church received his instructions 
from Massachusetts, as Major . 


II 


— 






Church sailed for Falmouth, Me. . 


16 








,, Had a fight with the Indians 
,, Ranged the country . 








55 
55 


28 








M. 


II Nov. 


55 


,, Held a council of war at 
Scarborough .... 


29 



24 



i8s 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 
Week. 


Day of 
Month. 


Year. 


EVENT. 


Page. 


w. 


13 Nov. 


1689 


Church held a council of war at 
Falmouth 


29 


— 


- J'in- 


16M 


Church returned home .... 


32 


w. 


16 „ ? 


i» 


,, Went back to Boston, to 
plead for the down-easters . 


32 


Th. 


6 Feb. 


n 


Church left his plea for them on 
the Council Board, and went 
home in disgust 


33 




- April 


1690 


Church goes to Charlestown, when 
the Canada Expedition is about 
to sail, to see his friends off . 


37 







)5 


Church has an interview with the 

Governor and Council. 
Church goes to Barnstable, to see 

Governor Hinkley 

Church raises forces, and marches 

them to Plymouth 


39 
40 

41 


T. 


2 Sept. 


?5 


Church is commissioned for the 
Second Expedition, by Governor 
Hinkley 


42 


W. 


•2 ? 


1> 


Church reaches Portsmouth . . . 


47 


T. 


9 » 


?? 


,, Receives Major Pike's In- 
structions 


48 


— 




H 


Church sailed for Pejepscot, and 
marched to Androscoggin 


50 


^. 


14 Sept. 


ii 


Church took the fort 


51 


— 




59 


,, Went to Maquait . . . 


56 


W. 


17 Sept. 


55 


,, Reached Saco 





— 




55 


,, Chased the Indians . . 


SI 


s. 


20 Sept. 


55 


,, Bivouacked at Purpooduck 


60 


M. 


22 „ 


55 


,, Came to " Cape Neddicke" 


64 


T. 


23 yy 


55 


„ Sent scout to Saco . 


64 


F. 


26 „ 


55 


,, Got back to Portsmouth . 


6=; 


S. 




55 


,, Sailed for Boston in the 
sloop Mary 


66 


— 


-oa. 


55 


,, Lodged at Captain Alden's 


67 


T. 


~ M 


55 
55 


,, Borrowed 40s. of Brayton . 

,, Rode home on a borrowed 

horse 


68 



186 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 
Week. 


Day of 

Month. 


Year. 


EVENT. 


Page. 


Th. 


27 Nov. 


1690 


Church wrote to some Eastern gen- 
tlemen 


69 


M. 


29 June 


1691 


The Eastern gentlemen replied 


79 






1692 


Church, on request of Major Wal- 
ley, from Governor Phips, goes 
to Boston to consult about the 
Third Eastern Expedition . . 


83 


M. 


25 >iy 


— 


Church receives Phips's commission 


83 


— 




— 


,, Raises volunteers. . . 


84 


— 


-Aug. 


— 


,, Embarks for Pemaquid 


^S 


— 




— 


,, Works on the fort there 


S6 


Th. 


II Aug. 


— 


,, Is commissioned for Penob- 
scot, &c 


87 






— 


,, Ranged those regions, de- 
















stroying corn, &c. . . 


89-90 






— 


,, Returned to Pemaquid . 








90 








,, Has more orders for the 
Ke7tnebec 










90 








,, Had a fight, and burned 
Tecotinet Fort. . . . 










9^ 








,, Returned to Pemaquid . 
„ Came back to Boston and 




— 







92 








Bristol 


92 






1696 


,, Is at Boston as Deputy from 
















Bristol 


93 






5> 


,, Is persuaded to go East on 
















a Third Expedition . 


93 






55 


,, Raises volunteers . . . 








93 


M. 


3 Aug. 


J5 


,, Is commissioned by Lieu- 
tenant Governor Stoughton . . 


94 


W. 


12 „ 


i^ 


Church receives his instructions 


96 


s. 


15 ,. 


5? 


,, Sailed for Portsmouth . . 


99 


s. 


22 „ 


M 


55 55 55 York .... 


100 






V 


„ „ „ Monhegan . . 








lOI 




- Sept. 


55 


„ (in boats) went up the Pe- 
nobscot Bay .... 

,, Had a skirmish, and took 
captives 


lOI 






55 


103-7 


^_^ 




55 


,, Back to the ships 


108 







187 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 
Week. 


Day of 

Month. 


Year. 


EVENT. 


Page. 






1696 


Church sailed for Beau Basin 


1 09 







55 


„ Thence to St. John . . . 


116 


~ 




55 


,, On their way home from 
thence interrupted and super- 
seded by Colonel Hathorne . . 


123 







55 


Church home again 


127 




I Feb. 


170I 


,, Waited on Governor Dud- 
ley to offer his sei"vices against 
the Indians and French, being 
moved thereto by late shocking 
outrages 


130 


s. 


5 M 


55 

55 


Church writes Governor Dudley 
his ideas on the best way of car- 
rying on another expedition . 

Church goes to work to fit out the 
Fifth Expedition 


131-135 
136 


s. 


1 8 March 


55 


Church receives Dudley's commis- 
sion 


136 





~ ji 


55 


Church raises volunteers in all the 








towns of the three counties of 










the Old Colony 


137 


— 




1704 


Church marches his troops to Nan- 
tasket 


138 


Th. 


4 May 


55 


,, Receives his instructions . 


141 


— 




55 


,, Went by land to Ports- 
mouth 


H5 


— 




55 


,, Raises another company 
there 


145 


— 




55 


,, Moves to Matinicus 


146 


w. 


7 June 


55 


„ Takes prisoners who give 
him information . . 


146 


~ 


~ 55 


55 


,, Went up the river, had a 
fight, and took prisoners, some of 
whom were knocked on the head 


150-157 


— 


~ 55 


55 


Church failed to take Ckartier 


160 


— 


~ 55 


55 


„ Burned the Indians' fish . 


161 




~ 55 


55 


,, Returned, went on board 
the transports, and sailed for 
Port Royal and Les Mmes 


162 



CHRONOLOGICAL TABLE OF EVENTS. 



Day of 
Week. 


Day of 
Month. 


Year. 


EVENT. 


Page. 


T. 


20 June 


1704 


Church reached Les Mines, and 
summoned its surrender . . . 


163-5 


W. 


21 „ 


5? 


Church burned die town, and took 
many prisoners 


166-8 


Th. 


22 „ 


55 


Church dug down their dams, and 
spoiled their crops ; and at night 
captured Pigigtiit 


168-169 


F. 


23 '» 


55 


Church took Cobeguit, &c. . . . 


173 


— 


"~ 11 


55 


,, Sailed for Port Royal . . 


173 


T. 


4 July 


55 


,, Had a council of war at 
Port Royal .... 


174-175 


— 


~ 55 


55 


,, Went up to Beau Basin, 
which they spoiled again 


175 


— 




55 


,, Sailed for Passamaquoddy 


176 


— 




55 


,, Took Du Bois's wife pris- 
oner 


177 


— 




55 
55 


„ Sailed for Mount Desert, 
and so to Casco, and home . 
The Govei'nor, Council, and House 
of Representatives clear Colonel 
Church of all imputations of mis- 
conduct, and give him thanks for 
his good service done .... 


178-180 
181 



189 




INDEX. 



f 



INDEX. 



The Roman numerals refer to pages in the Introdudlion. The Arabic figures 
refer to pages in the " History," the numbering in all cases being found at the 
bottom of each successive page. The names of Indians are in italics. 



Adams, Rev. William, of Dedham, xiv. ; 
Nathaniel, 77 note. 

Addington, Ifaac, notice of, 11 jwte. 

Alden, Capt. John, a naval commander, 
66 7iote, 67 note, 74; mention of him, 
no, 120; William, 107. 

Alexander, or IVamJtitta, fon o{ Majfa- 
foit, fucceeds his father, xx. ; brought 
to Plymouth, xxi. ; not ill treated 
there, xxii.; the facfts ftated, ibid.; 
dies, ibid. 

Alger, Andrew, killed, 27 note. 

Allen, Rev. James, of Bofton, xiii. 

Allyn, Samuel, of Barnftable, 42. 

Amos, Capt., commands an Indian com- 
pany, 7 note. 

Andrews, Elillia, 29 Mo!e, 64 note, 74; 
James, 64 note ; Samuel, ibid. 

Andros, Sir Edmund, his hiftory, i note ; 
fends for Capt. Church, i ; fent prif- 
oner to England, 32; date of this 
event, ibid. note. 

Androfcoggin, or Amcrafcogen, de- 
fcribed, 49 note. 
25 



Arnold, Rev. Samuel, of Marfhfield, xiii. 
Atherton, Rev. Hope, of Hatfield, xv. 
Auftin, Matthew, 73 note. 



B. 

Baker, Rev. Nicholas, of Scituate, xiv. ; 

Thomas, a prifoner to the Indians, 

efcapes, 58; notice of him, ibid. note. 
Barbarities of the Indians, 129. 
Barker, Lieut., killed atLes Mines, 16S. 
Barnard, Benjamin, 54 7iote. 
Baflett, William, 29 note. 
Belcher, Andrew, 1^0 note. 
Berry, Thomas, 27 note. 
Billingfgate Point, defcribed. 42 note. 
Bit, a filver coin, its value, 85 note. 
Black Point, where, 28 note; a fort 

there, ibid. 
Blue Point, where, 29 note. 
Boad, Henry, 107 note- 
Bourne, Rev. Richard, miffionary, xvii. 
Bowers, Rev. John, of Branfoi'd, xiv. 
Brackett, Anthony, 17 note; account 

of, 21 note ; Ihot hy the Indians, ibid., 



193 



INDEX. 



27 note; his children, 21 note; An- 
tlionj, his fon, efcapes, 60; again 
mentioned, 104, 120. 

Bradford, William, deputy-governor, 
xxi. xxii. 40 7iotc. 

Bradftreet, Rev. Simon, of New Lon- 
don, xiv. ; Simon, governor of MafTa- 
chufetts, 3; his hiltorj, ibid Jiote ; 
fends for Church, 4. 

Bramhall, Mr., of Cafco, mortally 
"wounded, 27 note. 

Brayton, Stephen, of Portfmouth, R.I., 
a drover, 68 ; lends money to Church, 
ibid, ; Francis, ibid. 

Bridgway, or Bourgeois, Jarman, iii, 
112, 113. 

Brimfmead, Rev. William, of Marlbor- 
ough, XV. 

Brock, Rev. John, of South Reading, 
xiv. 

Brown, John, captain in Church's Fifth 
Expedition, 13S, 175; notice of him, 
13S 7iotc. 

Browne, Rev. Edmund, of Sudbury, 
xiv. ; Thomas, of Cafco, wounded, 27 
note. 

Buckingham, Rev. Thomas, of Say- 
brook, xiv. 

Bulkley, Rev. Edward, of Concord, xiii. ; 
Rev. Gerlhom, of Wethersfield, xiv. 

Burton, Thomas, 27 note. 

Buttolph, Prifcilla, 10 note. 

Byfield, Nathaniel, of Briftol, 40 note, 
69 note. 



Carter, Rev. Thomas, of Woburn,xiv. 

Cafco, in danger from Indians, 17 ; fight 
with Indians there, 23-26; arrange- 
ments made by Church for their fafe- 
t}', 30; he returns home, 31; Cafco 
taken by the Indians, and the inhabi- 



tants killed or carried away, 36; the 
dead remain unburied two years, 
85 note; buried by Phips's foldiers, 
ibid. 

Caftin, Vincent de St., account of, 19 
note; his lucrative trade with the 
Indians, ibid. ; violates the capitula- 
tion of Cafco, and deftroys the in- 
habitants, 36; commands an Indian 
force at the taking of Fort William 
Henry, Pemaquid, 98 note ; his daugh- 
ter and her children taken prifoncrs 
by Church, 150. 

Cawley, or Caule, Robert, of Pema- 
quid, 107; notice of him, ibid. note. 

Chartier. See Skarkee. 

Chauncey, Rev. Nathaniel, of Windlbr, 
xiii. 

Chubb, Pafco, furrenders Fort William 
Henry to the Indians, 98 note; is 
murdered at Andover, with his wife, 
ibid. 

Church, Capt. Benjamin, at Saconet, 
Little Compton, i ; is fent for by 
Gov. Andros, ibid. ; arrives in Bof- 
ton, 2 ; the Governor propofes an 
Eaftern expedition, 3 ; Church de- 
clines the undertaking, ibid.; is fent 
for by Gov. Bradftreet after the over- 
throw of Andros, 4; comes to Bof- 
ton, ibid. ; undertakes an expedition 
againft the Indians " in the Eaftern 
Parts," ibid. ; goes to Rhode Iiland 
to obtain afliftance, and returns to 
Bofton, 5; his comm.iffion from the 
Council of War, 6 ; commiffion from 
the Prefident of Maine, 8; commif- 
fioned as Major by the Governor and 
Council of Maflachufetts Bay, 9; in- 
ftrudtions from the Commiflioners of 
the United Colonies, 11; his First 
Eastern Expedition, i6 ; arrives at 
Cafco, ibid. ; hears of Indians in the 



194 



INDEX. 



neighborhood, 17 ; orders given by 
him, 19 ; embarraffed by the bullets 
furniflied being too large, 22 ; his 
force attacked by a body of Indians, 
ibid. ; their repulfe, 26 ; he vifits the 
garrifons at Black Point, &c., 28; 
holds a council of war at Scarbor- 
ough, 29 tiote ; makes arrangements 
for the fecurity of the Eaftern fettle- 
ments, 30; returns home at the ap- 
proach of winter, 31 ; fpends three 
weeks in Bofton, 33; reprefents to 
the Governor and Council the ex- 
pofed condition of the Eaftern fettle- 
ments, 33-35 ; this reprefentation not 
attended to, 36 ; flender compenfation 
of Church, ibid.; his Second East- 
ern Expedition, 37 ; he comes again 
to Bofton, 38; the Council confult 
him in refpeft to the war, 39; his 
anfwer, 40; goes to Barnftable to fee 
Gov. Hinckley, ibid. ; raifes a force, 
and marches with it to Plymouth, 
41 ; finds no preparation there, ibid.; 
commiffioned by the Council of War 
of Plymouth Colony for a fecond ex- 
pedition to Maine, 42 ; their inftruc- 
tions to him, 44-47 ; arrives at Pif- 
cataqua [Portfmouth], 47 ; receives 
inftru(5lions there from Major Pike, 
48 ; fails for Pejepfcot, 50 note; lands 
at Maquoit in Freeport, ibid. ; re- 
leafes two Englilb captives, 51 ; takes 
the fort at Pejepfcot [Brunfwick], 
ibid. ; fpares an Indian captive, 55 ; 
kills others, ibid. ; returns to Maquoit, 
56; fails to Winter Harbor [Saco], 
ibid. ; puts the Indians to flight, 57 ; 
difagreement between him and his 
captains, 59; arrives at Purpooduck, 
60 ; encounters Indians there, 62 ; 
comes to Wells, 64; and to Portf- 
mouth, 65 ; fends home his foldiers. 



66; fails for Bofton in floop Mary, 
ibid. ; deftitute of money, and gets 
none from the government, 67, 68; 
tries to borrow a fmall fum, and is 
refufed, 67; borrows forty ftiillings 
of a drover, 68 ; returns home, ibid. ; 
a lofer by his patriotic fervices, ibid. ; 
his letter to Wheelwright and oth- 
ers, refpedting the mifreprefentations 
which had been made of his condudl, 
and his confequent lofs of favor from 
the government, 69-76 ; ftate of things 
in Maine after Church's departure, 74 ; 
application to him from gentlemen 
at the eaftAvard for help againft the 
Indians, 79, 80; his anfwer, 81; his 
Third Eastern Expedition, 82 ; in- 
vited by Gov. Phips to accompany 
him in his expedition into Maine, 83 ; 
Church confents, and receives a com- 
miflion, ibid. ; is forced to borrow 
money in order to go, 84 ; arrives at 
Pemaquid, 85 ; is difinclined to have 
a fort built there, 86 ; is fent to fight 
the Indians on the Penobfcot, ibid. ; 
his inftrudtions from Phips, 87 ; 
ranges thofe parts, and deftroys the 
enemy's corn, 90; returns to Pema- 
quid, ibid. ; is ordered to the Kenne- 
bec, ibid. ; has a brufti there with 
the Indians, ibid. ; returns once more 
to Pemaquid, 92; returns to Bofton, 
and again deprived by the govern- 
ment of his juft dues, ibid. ; is a 
deputy in the General Court from 
Briftol, 93; his Fourth Eastern 
Expedition, ibid.; raifes a volun- 
teer force, ibid. ; receives a commif- 
fion from Lieut. Gov. Stoughton, 94; 
his inftrudions to Church, 96, 97; 
fails for Pifcataqua, 99 ; lands at 
York, 100; proceeds to Saco, ibid.; 
arrives at Monhegan, loi ; afcends 



195 



INDEX. 



Penobfcot Bay and River as far as 
Old Town, 102, 103; returns to his 
veffels at the mouth of the river, 106; 
vifits Mount Defert and other places, 
but finds no enemy, 108 ; fails up the 
Bay of Fundy and lands at Beau 
Bafin, no; the enemy take to flight, 
in; Church takes feveral prifoners, 
112, 113 ; penetrates into the country, 
and returns to Beau Bafin, 114; his 
difcourfe with the Acadians, 114, 115; 
reftrains his Indian followers from 
hurting them, 115; enters the river 
St. John, 116 ; fkirmilh with the 
French, 117; is fuperfeded by Col. 
Hathorne. 123 ; returns to Bofton, 
127 ; his Fifth Eastern Expedi- 
tion, 128 ; he offers his fervices again 
to the government, 130; his plan for 
a campaign againft the Indians, 131- 
135; his commiflion from Gov. Dud- 
ley, 136 ; raifes volunteers, 137 ; in 
this incurs heavy expenfe, not re-im- 
burfed, 138; requefts permiflion to 
attack Port Royal in Acadia, 139; is 
denied, 140, 141 ; his inftrutSlions from 
Gov. Dudley, 141-145 ; proceeds on 
the expedition, 146; takes prifoners 
and obtains information from them, 
147-149; takes Caftin's daughter at 
Penobfcot, 150; fcours the coaft as 
far as Paflamaquoddy, 150, 151 ; writes 
to Dudley a hiftory of his proceedings, 
151-159; hisa6tions at PalTamaquod- 
dy, 152 ; is greatly difpleafed with a 
party of his own foldiers, and why, 
156; a bufy night, 157; embarks for 
Les Mines, 162 ; demands the fur- 
render of that town, 163 ; the docu- 
ment inferted, 163-165 ; takes pof- 
feffion of the town, 166; makes a 
" temperance movement," 167 ; burns 
the town, 16S ; takes many prifoners. 



169; fends a threatening meffage to 
Port Royal and Qiiebec, with good 
refults, 170; his conference with the 
prifoners taken at Mines, 171; tells 
them of Deerfield, and threatens re- 
taliation, 172; the prifoners greatly 
frightened, ibid. ; he fails for Port 
Royal, 173 ; a council of war dilfuade 
from an attack on that place, 175 ; the 
document given, ibid.; takes polTeflion 
of Chigne6lo, or Beau Bafin, after a 
fkirmilh, 176; returns to Pafi'ama- 
quoddy, ibid. ; receives information 
that the Indians had gone to Nor- 
ridgewock, 177 ; fails to Mount Defert, 
1 78; to Cafco, and returns to Boft:on, 
iSo ; receives thanks, but no pay, x8o, 
iSi. See Chronological Table, at 
the clofe of the volume. 

Church, Caleb, of Watertown, brother 
of Benjamin, 68; notice of him, ibid, 
note; his children, ibid.; Conrtant, 
captain in the Fifth Eaftern Expedi- 
tion, 139, 146, 175; Edward, captain 
in the fame expedition, 139, 167, 175. 

Clark, Thaddeus, of Falmouth, 25 note, 
29 vote ; killed by Indians, ibid. ; his 
family, ibid. ; Walter, governor of 
Rhode Illand. notices of him, 5 tiote ; 
his family, ibid. ; Ifaac, ibid. ; Wil- 
liam, captain, notice of him, 140 
fiote. 

Cobbet, Rev. Thomas, of Ipfwich, xiii. 

Cole, James, captain in the Fifth Eaft- 
ern Expedition, 139, 153, 175. 

Collins, Rev. Nathaniel, of Middletown, 

XV. 

Connedlicut, towns fettled therein, in 

1675, X. 
Converfe, Capt. James, of Woburn, 

with Church, 60 ; notices of him, ibid. 

note; comes to Bofton with Church, 

66 ; deftitute of money, 67. 



196 



INDEX. 



Cook, John, captain in Church's Fifth 
Eaftern Expedition, 139, 146, 167, 175. 

Cooke, Dr. Eliflia, 15 tiote. 

Cotton, Rev. John, of Plymouth, xiii. ; 
Rev. Seaborn, of Hampton, xiii. 

Cufhing, John, of Scituate, 40 note. 

Cutt, Richard, 76 note ; John, So note. 



D. 

Dane, Rev. Francis, of Andover, xiv. 

Danforth, Rev. Samuel, of Roxbury, 
xiii. ; Thomas, prefident of Maine, 
his commiffion to Church, 8 ; notices 
of him, 9 note. 

Daniel, Cajit., leader of an Indian com- 
pany, 7 note. 

Davis, Ambrofe, 2<)note ; Silvanus, no- 
tices of, 14 Jiote; his refidence, 18 fiote ; 
prefent at a council of war, 29 note. 

Deerfield deftroyed by the Indians, 12S, 
129; this moves Church to undertake 
his Fifth Eaftern Expedition, 130; he 
threatens the French with limilar 
treatment, 164, 170. 

Deering, James, 21 note. 

Do7tey, half Frenchman, half Indian, 
51 note, 57 note. 

Drake, Abraham, 21 note. 

Dudley, Jofeph, governor of Maffachu- 
fetts, his commiffion to Church, 136; 
notices of him, ibid, note ; his family, 
ibid. ; his inftruiflions to Church, 141- 

145- 
Dummer, Rev. Shubael, of York, xv. 
Dyer, John, captain in Church's Fifth 

Expedition, 139, 175. 



E. 

Eafton, John, his account of a con- 
ference between Philip and the Eng- 
lifh, xxviii. 



Eaton, Daniel, 37 note. 

Ebens [Evans], Edward, 27 note. 

Eddy, Edee, fergeant, 160. 

Eliot, Rev. John, of Roxbury, xiii. xvii. ; 

Rev. Jofeph, of Guilford, xiv. 
Elliot, Robert, of Scarborough, 80 iiote. 
Elkins, Henry, 17 jiote. 
Emerfon, Rev. John, of Gloucefter, xiv. ; 

Rev. Jofeph, of Mendon, xv. 
Eftabrook, Rev. Joseph, of Concord, xiii. 
Expedition, Firft, 16. 

Second, 37. 

Third, 82. 

Fourth, 93. 

Fifth, 128. 



F. 

Fellows, William, 145. 

Fernald, William, of Kittery, furgeon, 

80 note. 
Finney, Jeremiah, of Briftol, R.I., 70 

note ; Jofiah, ibid. 
Fifke, Rev. John, of Chelmsford, xv. 

Rev. Mofes, of Qiiincy, xiv. 
Fitch, Rev. James, of Norwich, xv. 
Flint, Rev. Jofiah, of Dorchefter, xiii. 
Fobes, William, 85. 

Foxwell, Philip, 29 «£>/g; Richard, «^/r/. 
Freeman, John, of Eaftham, 40 note. 
Freeze, James, mortally wounded, 27 

note. 
Frontenac, Count, his expedition against 

the Maquas or Iroquois, 104 note. 
Froft, Charles, Major, notice of, 77 note. 
Fryer, Nathaniel, of Portfmouth, N.H., 

76 note. 

r 

G. 

Gallifon, ElilTia, 29 note. 
Gedney, Col. Bartholemew, commands 
. a force at York, 99; notices of him, 
ibid, note ; John, ibid. 



197 



INDEX. 



Gendall, Walter, 17 7ioie. 

Glover, Rev. Pelatiah, of Springfield, 
xiii. 

Goodwin, Ozias, 16 note. 

Gorham, Capt. John, fecond in com- 
mand under Church in his Fourth 
Expedition, 97; notice of him, ibid, 
tiote ; is fent hy Church to Winter 
Harbor [Saco], 100; fecond in com- 
mand under Church in his Fifth Ex- 
pedition, 138, 152, 162, 165, 173, 175. 

Gourdon, or Gourdan, a Frenchman, 
148, i53> 155- 

Green, Samuel, dies of fmall-pox, 32 
note. 

Gjles, John, fent with a flag of truce to 
demand the furrender of Les Mines 
in Nova Scotia, 163, 203. 



H. 

Hale, Rev. John, of Beverly, xv. 
Hall, Nathaniel, 10 note, 12, 27, 2g}iotc, 

30 note. 
Hanford, Rev. Thomas, of Noi-walk, 

XV. 

Haraden, John, of Gloucefter, 145 note, 

175; Edw^ard, ibid. 
Hathorne, Col. John, fuperfedes Church 

in the com.mand of the Fourth Eaftern 

Expedition, 123, 124. 
Harvkins, John, an Indian. See Katt- 

kaniagus. 
Hajnes, Rev. Jofeph, of Hartford, xiii. 

XV. 

Heard, Ann, of Cochecho [Dover], 54 

note. 
Higginfon, Rev. John, of Salem, xiii. 
Hill, John, 30 note. 
Hilton, Edward, 146; Winthrop, major 

in Church's Fifth Eaftern Expedition, 

146, 153. 162, 165, 173, 175. 



1 98 



Hinckley, Thomas, governor of Ply- 
mouth Colony, 6 ; notices of, ibid, 
note, 40 note. 

Hobart, Rev. Jeremiah, of Topsfield, 
xiv. ; Rev. Nehemiah, of Newton, xv. ; 
Rev. Peter, of Hingham, xiii. 

Holmes, Rev. John, of Duxbury, xiii. 

Homes, David, killed, 27 note. 

Hooke, Francis, of Kittery, 80 ; notices 
of, ibid., note. 

Hooker, Rev. Samuel, of P^armington, 

XV. 

Huckins, James, of Oyfter River [now 
Durham, N.H.], 54 7iote ; Robert, 
ibid. ; his wife intercedes for an In- 
dian captive, 54. 

Hunniwell, Richard, 30 note, 58 note ; 
notices of, 77 note ; " the Indian kill- 
er," ibid,; with Church at St. John, 
120. 



Iberville, Lemoine d', a fkilful naval 
commander, his name ftrangely me- 
tamorphofed by Church, 105 ; founds 
a colony on the Mifliffippi, ibid. 
7iote. 

Indians, their numbers in 1675, x. In- 
dians, Praying, their numbers in 1675, 
xvi. ; improved condition of the In- 
dians, xix. ; caufes of the Indian war, 
xxxi. ; Indians accompany Church in 
his expedition, 20; Indians attack 
Church at Cafco, 22 ; are repulfed, 
26; take the fort at Pejepfcot Falls 
[Brunfwick], 39; evacuate it, 50; are 
put to flight at Saco, 57 ; and at Pur- 
pooduck, 63 ; kill feveral prifoners, 
64; a(k for peace, 74; their treacher- 
ous condu(5l, 79 ; attacked by Church, 
and their fort at Taconick [Winllow] 
burned, 91, 106; fome are flain by 



INDEX. 



Church's foldiers on the Penobfcot, 

103 ; Indian barbarities at Deerfield, 

12S, 129. 
Ingeribll, George, 29 note. 
Inventory and equipments of a French 

fort, 117 note. 



Jacob, Richard, 10 note. 
Jacobs, Nicholas, of Hingham, 72 note. 
Jones, Rev. Eliphalet, of Stamford, xiv. 
Jordan, Dominicus, 28 note, 57 note; 

Rev. Robert, 28 note. 
Jofe, Richard, 17 7iote. 



K. 

Kankamagits, or John I/axvkins, a 

fachem of Pennacook, 53 note, 64. 
Keith, Rev. James, of Bridgewater, xv. 



Lafaure. See Lefevre. 

Lamb, Jolhua, captain in Churcli's Fifth 
Expedition, 139, 175. 

Lane, Edward, fon of Edward, of Bof- 
ton, 2 note\ his name changed to 
Paige, ibid. 

Larkin, captain with Church at St. 
John, 120. 

Lathrop, or Lotlirop, John, of Barnfta- 
ble, 41 ; his family, ibid, note ; Joieph, 
of Barnftable, notice of, 73 7iote ; his 
family, ibid. 

Lawrence, Robert, 29 note, 30 note. 

Lee, Abram, 17 iiote ; Efther, his wife, 
gives information concerning In- 
dians, 19; Samuel, minifter of Brif- 
tol, R.-I., his hiftory, 70 note. 



Lefevre, Lafebure, or Lafaure, a prifoner 
to Church in his Fifth Expedition, 147. 

Liglitfoot, a friend!}' Indian captain, 22. 

Little, Ifaac, of Marlbfield, 40 note. 

Littlefield, John, fon of Edmund of 
Wells, 73 note. 

Loffes fuflained by the colonics in 
Philip's War, xxxi. 

Loyall, Fort, in Falmouth, 17 note. 



M. 

Maine, progrefs of colonization in, in 

1675, ix. 
Maflipee Indians furniflied foldiers in 

Church's expeditions, and in the 

Revolutionary War, 20 note. 
Martin, or Martj'n, Richard, notice of, 

80 note. 
Mafon, Samuel, notice of, 15 note; 

John, killed, 27 note. 
MalTachufetts, progrefs of colonization 

therein, in 1675, ix. 
Maffachuletts Indians, number in 1675, 

X. 

Mather, Rev. Increafe, of Bofton, xiv. 
Maxwell, James, notice of, 39 note. 
Mayflower company, furvivors in 1675, 

xi. 
Mayhew, Rev. John, of Tifbury, xv; 

Experience, 7 7iote. 
Mitton, Michael, 21 note, 25 note, 64 note. 
Moody, Rev. Jolhua, of Portfmouth, xv. 
Myrick, or Mirick, Ifaac, captain in 

Church's Fifth Eaftern Expedition, 

139' ^il^ 175- 



N. 



Narraganfetts, their number in 1675, x. 

New England, its condition in 1675, ix. 

xvii.; loffes by Pliilip's War, xxxi. 



199 



INDEX. 



New Hampfliire, progrefs of coloniza- 
tion in, in 1675, ix. 

Newman, Rev. Noah, of Rehoboth, xiv. 

Newton, Rev. Roger, of Milford, xiv. 

Nipmuk Indians, number in 1675, x. 

Niimfias, a friendly Indian in Church's 
Firft Expedition, 7 note^ 20 note-, 27, 
37 note. 



O. 



Oakes, Rev. Urian, of Cambridsre, xiii. 



P. 

Paige, Nicholas, of Bofton, meets Col. 
Church in Braintree, 2; his hiftory, 
ibid. note. 

Paine, John, no. 

Palmer, Mr., of Cafco, wounded, 27 
note; John, 29 72ote. 

Palfgrave, John, 81 note. 

Parker, Rev. Thomas, of Newbury, xiii. 

Pautucket Indians, number in 1675, x. 

Pemaquid, extent of application of the 
word, 85 7iote ; Church, as fecond in 
command to Gov. Pliips, arrives 
there, 85 ; defcription of the fort built 
there by Phips [Fort William Henry], 
86 note ; the fort taken by the enemy 
four years after, 98. 

Pepperell, William, notice of, 143 note. 

Pequots, their numbers in 1675, x. 

Perkins, Rev. William, of Topsfield, 
xiv. 

Philif, or Pontctacom, the Indian chief, 
accufed of plotting againft the Eng- 
lifh, xxiii. ; goes to Plymouth, xxiv. ; 
mifconceptions of his charadter and 
plans, XXV. ; had not been ill-treated 
by the Englifh, ibid. ; extravagantly 
overrated, xxvi. ; Dr. Palfrey's ac- 



count of him more juft, ibid.; no 
proof of any extenfive plot of his, 
ibid. ; reported conference between 
him and the Englifh, xxviii. 

Phillips, Rev. Samuel, of Rowley, xiv. 

Phips, Sir William, his eventful hiftory, 
82 note ; invites Church to accompany 
him on his Eaftern Expedition, 83; 
gives him a commiffion, ibid. ; con- 
ftruc5ts a ftrong fort at Pemaquid 
[Fort William Henry], 86 note; re- 
turns to Bofton, 91 ; his wife figns a 
difcharge for a lady accufed of witch- 
craft, ibid. note. 

Pike, Robert, Major, of Salifbury, raifes 
foldiers for Church, 48; his inftruc- 
tions to Church, 4S-50 ; notice of him, 

48 note ; letter of Church to him, re- 
fpedting reports circulated to Church's 
difadvantage, 77. 

Pitkin, William, account of, 15 note, 

49 note. 
Plaifted, Ichabod, (y(>. 

Plymouth Colony, its flow progrefs in 
wealth and population, xviii. ; pays 
the debt incurred in Philip's War, 
xxxi. ; engages in the war with the 
Eaftern Indians, 6 ; its commifllon 
to Church, 6, 42 ; fchedule of the 
number of foldiers required of each 
town in 1689, ^ note; a fimilar 
fchedule in 1690, 43 note; debt in- 
curred by the Colony for the Eaftern 
war, ibid. 

Pokanokets, number in 1675, x. 

Pollard, William, an inn-keeper in Bof- 
ton, 38 note. 

Portfmouth, Church arrives there, 47 ; 
fmall-pox there, 65 ; Church there 
again, ibid. ; its name changed from 
Strawberry Bank, 66 note. 

Prince, Samuel, 7 note. 

Prout, Timothy, 31 note. 



INDEX. 



R. 

Ramfdell, Jofeph, of Lynn, flain by 

Indians, 63 note. 
Rejner, Rev. John, of Dover, xiii. 
Rhode Idand, progrefs of colonization 

in 1675, X. ; its condition at that time, 

xvii. 
Rogers, George, 145, 146, 175. 
Row, Giles, killed, 27 note. 
Rowlandlbn, Rev. Jofeph, of Lancafter, 

XV. 

Ruffell, Rev. John, of Hadley, xv. 



S. 

Saffin, John, 15 note. 

Sajfamon, difclofes Philip's plot againft 

the Englilh, xxiii. ; murdered, xxiv. 
Scammon, Richard, 17 note; Anne, 

ibid. ; Humphrey, of Saco, 57 note. 
Scottow, Jofaua, 2^ note; Thomas, ibid.; 

notices of him, 31 note, 36. 
Sewall, Samuel, notices of him, 38 note. 
Sharkee, or Chartier, 148, 157, 158, 159, 

160, 161. 
Shepard, Rev. Thomas, of Charleftown, 

xiii. 
Sherman, Rev. John, of Watertown, 

xiii. 
Shove, Rev. George, of Taunton, xiii. 
Small-pox in Bofton, 32, 37; in Portf- 

mouth, 65; on board .of fome of 

Church's tranfports, ibid.; fome of 

his men feek to deceive him in re- 
gard to it, ibid. 
Smith, Kev. John, of Sandwich, xiii.; 

Thomas, commander of the frigate 

Jerfey, 145, 146, 175. 
Southack, Cyprian, commander of the 

Province galley, 123 note, 143, 162, 

175- 

26 201 



Southworth, William, a lieutenant in 
Church's Firft Expedition, 27 ; ac- 
count of him, ibid, note; cholen by 
the Indians their captain, 37 note. 

Sparrow, Jonathan, of Eaftham, jpnote. 

Sprague, William, of Hingham, 68 note. 

Spurwink, where, 28 note. 

Stoddard, Rev. Solomon, of North- 
ampton, XV. 

Story, Jofeph, 73, 76. 

Stoughton, William, Lieut. Gov., his 
commiffion to Church, 94; notice of 
him, ibid, note ; his letter to Church, 
transferring the command to Col. 
Hathorne, 123, 124. 

Street, Rev. Nicholas, of New Haven, 
xiv. 

Swain, Jeremiah, notice of, 13 note. 

Swarton, John, from the ifland of Jer- 
fey, 23 ; killed by Indians at Cafco, 
ibid, note ; Hannah, taken by Indians, 
ibid.; Jolhua and Joanna, ibid.; Mary, 
ibid. 

T. 

Thacher, Rev. Thomas, of Bofton, xv. ; 

John, of Yarmouth, 40 note. 
Thaxter, Thomas, 27 note. 
Thomas, Nathaniel, notices of, 72 note ; 

his family, ibid. 
Thorpe, Robert, of York. 107 7iote. 
Tolman, Peter, of Newport, 68 note. 
Torrey, Rev. Samuel, of Weymoutli, 

xiii. 
Trading -houfes, or truck- houfes. 

Church's opinion of them, 134. 
Treat, Rev. Samuel, of Eaftham, xiv. 
Tyng, Edward, 25 note, 136 note. 

V. 

Vaughan, William, of Portfmouth, N. 
H., jS note ; his family, ibid.; he and 



INDEX. 



others apply to Church for help 
againft the Indians, 79; George, 81 
note. 
Villebon, Chevalier, 1x4 note. 



W. 



Wakeman, Rev. Samuel, of Fairfield, 

xiv. 
Waldron, or Walderne, Major Richard, 

17 note; his children, ibid.; Efther, 

his daughter, a captive to the Indians, 

ibid. 
Walker, Rev. Zechariah, of Woodburj, 

XV. 

Wallej, Major John, 10 note, 15 note, 
37, 40 note ; is defired by Gov. Phips 
to fpeak to Church about going again 
to Maine, 83 ; Rev. Thomas, of Barn- 
ftable, xiv. 42 note. 

Walton, Shadrach, colonel and judge, 
51 note; his family, ibid.; George, 
ibid. ; Benjamin, ibid. 

Ward, Rev. John, of Haverhill, xiv. 

Waterhoufe, Richard, 81 7iote. 

Wells, Rev. Thomas, of Amefbury, xv. 

Whale-boats, much ufed in Church's 
Fifth Expedition, 131, 139, 147, 150, 
151, 159, 169, 171, 177; explanation 
of their fpecial value in fuch an affair, 
171 7iote. 

Wheelwright, Rev. John, of Salifbury, 
xiv.; John, Efquire, of Wells, 73 note, 
75 ; letter addrelTed to him by Church, 
69-76. 



Whiting, Rev. Samuel, of Lynn, xiii. ; 

Rev. Samuel, of Billerica, xv. 
Whitman, Rev. Zechariah, of Hull, xiv. 
Wigglefworth, Rev. Michael, of Maiden, 

ibid. 
Willard, Rev. Samuel, xv. ; Simon, 

notices of, 10 note, 29 jtote. 
William Henry, fort at Pemaquid, de- 

fcribed, 86 note ; taken by the French 

and Indians, 98 note. 
Williams, Eunice, wife of Rev. John, 

of Deerfield, flain by Inditins, 12S. 
Williamfon, Capt. Caleb, 139, 175; 

notice of, 139. 
Wilfon, Rev. John, of Medfield, xiv. 
Wincol, John, of Kittery, 80 note. 
Winflow, Jofiah, brings Alexander, the 

Indian fachem, to Plymouth, xxi. 
Winter, John, notice of, 56 note. 
Winter Harbor, 56 7tote. 
Witchcraft delufion, 91 note. 
Witherell, Rev. William, of Scituate, 

xiv. 
Withington, Mary, 9 7tote. 
Woodbridge, Rev. Benjamin, of Wind- 

for, XV.; Vioxo^hy ,l(y 7iote ; Rev. John, 

of Killingworth, xv. 
Woodman, John, of Little Compton, 

84. 
Woro7iibos, an Indian fachem, 53, 64. 



Y. 

York, Jofeph, pilots Church up the 
Penobfcot, 102, 105, 106. 



NOTE. 

My attention has been kindly called, by the Rev. J. A. Vinton, — 
who has prepared the foregoing Index, — to sundry statements in note 
323 (p. 163), concerning the Gyleses, father and son, which he conceives 
to be inaccurate. Those statements were made upon the testimony of 
Sewall, who expressly refers, in regard to some of them, to an incom- 
plete MSS. narrative of the Rev. Mr. Vinton, of the date of 1853, and 
who was therefore supposed to have, in this case, special authority. 
In order to place the reader in possession of all the facts, however, 
I gladly append here the following, prepared by Mr. Vinton, — con- 
taining facts subsequently brought to light, — which note, if it had not 
been too late, would have been substituted for the note referred to. 

H. M. D. 



John Gyles (p. 163 antc^, born in what is now the town of Topsham, Me., about 
the year 167S, was son of Thomas Gyles (who, after a residence of some years on 
Merrymeeting Bay, where the Androscoggin joins the Kennebec, went to England 
to attend to some family matters, then returned to New England, and purchased 
a large farm at Pemaquid, where he was Chief-Justice, under the ducal govern- 
ment, of the County of Cornwall, and was killed by the Indians, Aug. 2, 1689) ; 
was carried off by the Indians, after his father's death, to their savage haunts on 
the upper waters of the river St. John, in the present province of New Brunswick. 
After severe sufferings among them during six years, he was purchased by a French 
gentleman residing on that river, who treated him kindly, and who, three years 
afterward, permitted him to return to his friends at Boston. He served the Gov- 
ernment of Massachusetts thirty-eight years, with some interruptions, as inter- 
preter in their transactions with the Indians, and as commander of several mili- 
tary posts on the frontiers ; was a man of great courage, and of stern, unbending 
integrity; retired from the military service in 1737, and took up his residence in 
Roxbury, near Boston, where he died in 1755, aged 77. In 1736, he printed a 
narrative of his adventures, which is still extant. [Vinton's Giles Memorial, 
pp. 103-111, 122-129.] 



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